Detection of pharmacologically mediated changes in cerebral activity by functional magnetic resonance imaging: the effects of sulpiride in the brain of the anaesthetised rat

Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study the effects of the D₂-like receptor selective antagonist, sulpiride, at 2 Tesla in the brain of the α-chloralose anaesthetised rat. Region of interest (ROI) analysis indicated significant (P<0.05) bilateral increases in BOLD signal intensity in the frontal cortex following a single administration of sulpiride (10 mg/kg i.v.). BOLD signal changes were slow in onset and increased gradually during the experiment, reaching 8.0±0.5% (mean±S.E.M.) above pre-injection control values 165 min after drug administration. Signal increases remained high at the experiment end (3 h post sulpiride administration). Sulpiride (30 mg/kg i.v.) had a similar effect in the frontal cortex, increasing signal 5.2±1.8% above control values by 174 min; its effects were, however, more variable between rats, and were not statistically significant. Sulpiride (3 mg/kg i.v.) had no significant effect upon BOLD signal intensity in any brain region. No dose of sulpiride resulted in any significant BOLD signal changes in the striatum or cerebellum. These data are supportive of the notion that sulpiride causes an increase in frontal dopaminergic function by antagonism of presynaptically located dopamine D₂ receptors in this brain region, consistent with its therapeutic action. Furthermore, the utility of BOLD contrast fMRI as a means of detecting changes in neuronal activity contingent upon the administration of a psychoactive pharmacological agent has been demonstrated.     

功能磁共振成像在植物状态研究中的应用

一、植物状态及其研究历程随着现代医疗技术的进步,危重患者的死亡率明显降低,临床上可以见到越来越多的意识障碍患者.1972年由Jennett和Plum在Lancet上首次提出持续性植物状态(vegetative state,VS)的概念,用以取代当时混杂应用的各类名词,如极深度昏迷,运动不能性缄默,永久性、不可逆性或稽延性昏迷、去大脑或去皮层状态等,这一见解以后逐渐为各国学者所采纳.1994年美国PVS多学科专责小组对VS下的定义为:“患者完全失去对自身及周围环境的认知,有睡眠一觉醒周期,下丘脑及脑干的自主功能完全或部分保存”.此类患者死亡率高,致残严重且缺乏有效治疗,给社会及家庭造成沉重的负担,引起了医学界和全社会的广泛关注.     

High resolution nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord in experimental demyelinating disease

Summary Chronic recurrent experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was induced in a strain 13 guinea pig by inoculation of isologous spinal cord homogenate. The spinal cord was obtained after perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde and examined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. Proton NMR spin echo images (repetition time: 3 s; echo times: 20 and 60 ms) were obtained from intact, isolated spinal cord in a 4.7 Tesla, 50 mm bore magnet. The slice thickness of the images was 380 m and the inplane resolution was 40×40 m. The images showed superficial areas of low signal intensity in the lateroventral regions of the white matter, in some instances with a seam of higher signal intensity. Neuropathologically, these abnormalities corresponded exactly to areas of demyelination. Control images did not show these abnormalities. The present high resolution imaging allowed a correlation between demyelination and abnormal NMR signals in a small laboratory animal with an inflammatory demyelinating disease.Supported by the Belgian Foundation of Medical Scientific Research (FGWO, grant 3.0096.86 and grant 3.0019.86), by the Institute for the promotion of Scientific Research in Industry and Agriculture (IWONL) and by the Scientic Research Planning Office of the Belgian Government (DPWB), contract no. 87/92-120     

Malformations of the spinal cord in 53 patients with spina bifida studied by magnetic resonance imaging

The incidence of associated malformations of the hindbrain and spinal cord in patients with spina bifida was investigated by a clinical and magnetic resonance study. The incidence of these malformations in combination with spina bifida was 49/53 (92.5%). Fiftytree children born with spina bifida aperta (40 patients) or spina bifida occulta (13 patients) formed the study group. The incidence of the various malformations were: Chiari malformations, type I, 10/53 (19%), and type II, 20/53 (38%); syringomyelia, 13/53 (24.5%); hydromyelia 4/53 (7.5%); tethered cord malformation, 35/53 (66%); diastematomyelia 2/53 (4%). Thirty-seven of the 49 patients with associated malformations had no clinical signs at the time of our study. The results point to the fact that in the pediatric age group, associated spinal defects often remain asymptomatic.     

脑功能磁共振成像研究进展

主要综述fMRI产生的历史、成像原理、成像技术和方法、已经取得的成绩以及将来研究发展的方向等。fMRI产生技术广泛应用的20世纪90年代,主要受快速成像技术的影响,从有创走向无创,从而受到神经、认知和心理科学领域的极大关注。fMRI原理是根据神经元兴奋后局部氧耗与血流增幅不一致,而BOLD效应机制成像,间接显示神经元活动。成像主要采用平面回波成像（EPI）和快速小角度激发（FLASH）技术、二者在时间和空间分辨率上各有优劣。最后几年来,fMRI技术对脑功能的研究已取得了巨大的成绩,估计将在这一领域继续拥有非常重要的地位。将来fMRI可能主要在BOLD效应的生理过程、临床应用以及高场磁体的应用等领域进一步展开。     

Endogenous recovery of injured spinal cord: longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance imaging

Pathological changes were followed longitudinally with in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and behavioral studies in experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). MRI-observed pathology was correlated with histology. On MRI, the cavitated regions of the injured cord were gradually filled with viable tissue between two and 8 weeks postinjury, and a concomitant improvement was observed in the neurobehavioral scores. By weeks 3-6, on MRI, the gray matter (GM) returned in the segments caudal, but not rostral, to the injury site. The corresponding histological sections revealed motor neurons as well as other nuclei in the gray matter immediately caudal to the epicenter, but not at the site of injury, suggesting neuronal recovery in perilesioned areas. The neuronal and neurological recovery appeared to occur about the same time as neovasculature that was reported on the contrast-enhanced MRI, suggesting a role for angiogenesis in recovery from SCI. The role of angiogenesis in neuronal recovery is further supported by the immunohistochemical observation of greater bromodeoxyuridine uptake by blood vessels near the lesion site compared with uninjured cords.     

首发精神分裂症患者的功能磁共振初步研究

目的 利用血氧水平依赖性(blood oxygenation level-dependent,BOLD)功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)技术探讨首发精神分裂症患者治疗前后认知功能激发图像的特点。方法 13例首发精神分裂症患者入组,用利培酮或氯丙嗪治疗后9例患者复查fMRI。以词语流畅性作业(verbal fluency task,VF)作为任务,采用Block设计,用梯度回波-平面回波成像(GRE-EPI)序列采集数据,经工作站处理后获功能图像。结果 (1)VF激活受试者的额叶(前额叶)、顶叶及颞叶皮层;(2)复查的9例受试者中,7例激活增强,2例激活减弱;(3)治疗后激活增强的7例受试者的双侧额上、中、下回激活有增加趋势,而双侧颞上、中、下回激活有减少趋势(P>0.05);但左额叶背外侧面治疗后的激活明显强于治疗前(P=0.032)。结论 BOLD-fMRI可用于研究人脑的高级认知功能。首发精神分裂症患者治疗前后脑功能图像有明显变化,提示认知缺陷症状是可以治疗的。     

Gender effects on odor-stimulated functional magnetic resonance imaging

On standardized tests of odor identification and odor detection, women tend to score better than men at nearly all age groups. We sought to determine if these findings would translate to differences between the sexes in the volume of activated brain when odors are presented to subjects as the stimulants for functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments. The activation maps of eight right-handed women (mean age 25.3 years old, range 20-44, S.D. 8.3 years) were compared with those of 8 right-handed men (mean age 30.5, range 18-37, S.D. 6.5 years) given the same olfactory nerve stimuli in an FMRI experiment at 1.5 T. Olfactory stimuli were delivered to the patients in a passive fashion using a Burghart OM4-B olfactometer with a nose piece inserted into the patients' nostrils. We used agents (eugenol, phenyl ethyl alcohol, or phenyl ethyl alcohol alternating with hydrogen sulfide) that were selective for olfactory nerve stimulation in the nose. The odorants were delivered to both nostrils for 1 s every 4 s during a 30 s 'on-period'. During the 30 s 'off-period', the patient received room air at the same flow rate. The women's group-averaged activation maps showed up to eight times more activated voxels than men for specific regions of the brain (frontal and perisylvian regions). The left and right inferior frontal regions showed a statistically significant increase in activation in women at p<0.01. In general, more women showed activation than men. The results suggest that (1) FMRI activation maps in subject groups can demonstrate correlates to psychophysical tests of olfaction, and (2) one must control for gender when performing odor-stimulated FMRI experiments.     

Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord involvement: 28 cases

In patients with clinically isolated spinal disease, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method of detecting surgically treatable causes and is also useful in detecting asymptomatic brain lesions where the cord syndrome is due to multiple sclerosis (MS). We report the findings of spinal and brain MRI in 28 patients with spinal cord disorder due to MS. It was possible to detect intrinsic plaques reliably in the majority of patients (60.7%) with clinical findings of spinal cord MS. The results of MRI are compared with the clinical status and with cerebrospinal fluid findings and evoked potentials.     

Visual hallucinations in schizophrenia investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging

We investigated a 27-year old patient with paranoid schizophrenia. Brain activity related to visual hallucinations was found in higher visual areas corresponding to the content of the hallucinations (faces, bodies, scenes) and the hippocampus. We assume that the hippocampal activity is related to the retrieval of visual images from memory and that sensory cortex activity is related to the vividness of the perceptual experience.     

工作记忆与脑的功能磁共振成像

工作记忆是临时信息编码、保持和提取的过程 ,是学习记忆研究的热点之一。功能磁共振作为一种新型无损伤技术 ,为研究工作记忆提供了一个新的途径。本文对功能磁共振的原理、实验设计和目前工作记忆功能磁共振检查的研究进展进行综述。     

Mapping the central effects of chronic ketamine administration in an adolescent primate model by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is capable of triggering excessive glutamate release and subsequent cortical excitation which may induce psychosis-like behavior and cognitive anomalies. Growing evidence suggests that acute ketamine administration can provoke dose-dependent positive and negative schizophrenia-like symptoms. While the acute effects of ketamine are primarily linked to aberrant activation of the prefrontal cortex and limbic structures with elevated glutamate and dopamine levels, the long-term effects of ketamine on brain functions and neurochemical homeostasis remain incompletely understood. In recent years, reports of ketamine abuse, especially among young individuals, have surged rapidly, with profound socioeconomic and health impacts. We herein investigated the chronic effects of ketamine on brain function integrity in an animal model of adolescent cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Immunohistochemical study was also conducted to examine neurochemical changes in the dopaminergic and cholinergic systems in the prefrontal cortex following chronic ketamine administration. Our results suggest that repeated exposure to ketamine markedly reduced neural activities in the ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra in midbrain, posterior cingulate cortex, and visual cortex in ketamine-challenged monkeys. In contrast, hyperfunction was observed in the striatum and entorhinal cortex. In terms of neurochemical and locomotive changes, chronically ketamine-challenged animals were found to have reduced tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) but not choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) levels in the prefrontal cortex, which was accompanied by diminished total movement compared with the controls. Importantly, the mesolimbic, mesocortical and entorhinal-striatal systems were found to be functionally vulnerable to ketamine's chronic effects. Dysfunctions of these neural circuits have been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, schizophrenia and attention deficit disorder (ADD). Collectively, our results support the proposition that repeated ketamine exposure can be exploited as a pharmacological paradigm for studying the central effects of ketamine relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders.     

正常成人吞咽时的脑激活区域：功能磁共振初步研究

BACKGROUND： While brain-imaging studies in healthy adults have indicated that multiple cortical regions are involved in swallowing, these functional imaging techniques have not been extensively applied to the complete understand neurophysiology of swallowing in China. A full understanding of normal swallowing neurophysiology is important for improving functional outcomes for dysphagia due to neurologic disorders or damage with increasing age. Thus the interpretations of the functional contributions of various brain areas in swallowing should be scientifically researched. OBJECTIVE： To identify the activation and characteristic of swallowing center in healthy adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An uncontrolled neuroimaging study was performed at the Outpatient Clinic, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University between March and November 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Ten healthy right-handed volunteers, aged over 20 years with a mean age of （34.2 ＋ 8.1） years, a range of 25-45 years and including five males and five females participated. A medical history was obtained from all potential subjects and all subjects were free of systemic diseases and neurological disorders. METHODS： The healthy volunteers were examined with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging of blood oxygenation level-dependent while laryngeal swallow-related movements were recorded. Subjects were scanned during voluntary saliva swallowing and water bolus swallowing activation tasks. Data was processed using the General Linear Model. A voxel by voxel group comparison was performed using random effect analysis. Any cluster with a corrected P 〈 0.05 for spatial extent was considered significant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The cerebral cortical activation maps of voluntary swallowing of saliva and swallowing of water bolus in healthy adults were observed. RESULTS： A multifocal cortical representation of swallowing was in the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, insula, anterior cingulate gyrus, thalamus, basal ganglia and cerebellum, in a bilateral and asymmetrical manner, predominantly on the left hemisphere in the volunteers （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Activation of the cortex during normal swallowing tasks may be functionally linked to basal nuclei, thalamus, and cerebellum, greatly appearing in the left hemisphere.     

Probing responses to deep brain stimulation with functional magnetic resonance imaging

BackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for certain movement disorders and has additionally shown promise for various psychiatric, cognitive, and seizure disorders. However, the mechanisms through which stimulation exerts therapeutic effects are incompletely understood. A technique that may help to address this knowledge gap is functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This is a non-invasive imaging tool which permits the observation of DBS effects in vivo.ObjectiveThe objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of studies in which fMRI during active DBS was performed, including studied disorders, stimulated brain regions, experimental designs, and the insights gleaned from stimulation-evoked fMRI responses.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of published human studies in which fMRI was performed during active stimulation in DBS patients. The search was conducted using PubMED and MEDLINE.ResultsThe rate of fMRI DBS studies is increasing over time, with 37 studies identified overall. The median number of DBS patients per study was 10 (range = 1–67, interquartile range = 11). Studies examined fMRI responses in various disease cohorts, including Parkinson's disease (24 studies), essential tremor (3 studies), epilepsy (3 studies), obsessive-compulsive disorder (2 studies), pain (2 studies), Tourette syndrome (1 study), major depressive disorder, anorexia, and bipolar disorder (1 study), and dementia with Lewy bodies (1 study). The most commonly stimulated brain region was the subthalamic nucleus (24 studies). Studies showed that DBS modulates large-scale brain networks, and that stimulation-evoked fMRI responses are related to the site of stimulation, stimulation parameters, patient characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes. Finally, a number of studies proposed fMRI-based biomarkers for DBS treatment, highlighting ways in which fMRI could be used to confirm circuit engagement and refine DBS therapy.ConclusionA review of the literature reflects an exciting and expanding field, showing that the combination of DBS and fMRI represents a uniquely powerful tool for simultaneously manipulating and observing neural circuitry. Future work should focus on relatively understudied disease cohorts and stimulated regions, while focusing on the prospective validation of putative fMRI-based biomarkers.     

Sex and performance level effects on brain activation during a verbal fluency task: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Neuroimaging studies investigating the neural correlates of verbal fluency (VF) focused on sex differences without taking into account behavioural variation. Nevertheless, group differences in this verbal ability might account for neurocognitive differences elicited between men and women. The aim of this study was to test sex and performance level effects and the combination of these on cerebral activation. Four samples of 11 healthy students (N = 44) selected on the basis of sex and contrasted VF scores, high fluency (HF) versus low fluency (LF), performed a covert phonological VF task during scans. Within- and between-group analyses were conducted. Consistent with previous studies, for each sample, the whole-group analysis reported activation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), insula, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), medial frontal gyrus (mFG), superior (SPL) and inferior parietal lobules (IPL), inferior visual areas, cerebellum, thalamus and basal ganglia. Between-group analyses showed an interaction between sexes and performances in the right precuneus, left ACC, right IFG and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). HF men showed more activation than LF ones in the right precuneus and left dlPFC. LF men showed more activation in the right IFG than HF ones and LF women elicited more activation in the left ACC than HF ones. A sex main effect was found regardless of performance in the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), cerebellum, anterior and posterior cingulate cortexes and in the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and dlPFC, lingual gyrus and ACC, with men eliciting significantly greater activations than women. A performance main effect was found for the left ACC and the left cerebellum regardless of sex. LF subjects had stronger activations than HF ones in the ACC whereas HF subjects showed stronger activations in the cerebellum. Activity in three discrete subregions of the ACC is related to sex, performance and their interaction, respectively. Our findings emphasize the need to consider sex and performance level in functional imaging studies of VF.     

Localizing the central sulcus by functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography

To further validate the potential of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for localization of the sensorimotor cortex, fMRI was compared with somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) in eight normal volunteers. A conventional 1.5 T MRI scanner and an MRI-linked 66-channel whole head magnetoencephalography system were used. fMRI activated by unilateral hand squeeze movement indicated the highest activation on the central sulci that were localized by SEFs in all 16 contralateral hemispheres. This indicates that although the fMRI signal activation may originate from a vein running along the central sulcus, fMRI is reliable to detect the central sulcus. The pre-central gyrus also indicated some signal activation on fMRI implying better visualization of spatial distribution of activation. fMRI and SEFs are complementary methods for localizing the central sulcus.     

Lordotic alignment and posterior migration of the spinal cord following en bloc open-door laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy: A magnetic resonance imaging study

We investigated lordotic alignment and posterior migration of the spinal cord following en bloc open-door laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy. Fifty-five patients (32 men and 23 women) were studied, with an average follow-up of 2.4 years. Radiological examination included evaluation of lordosis of the cervical spine and spinal cord, degree of enlargement of bony spinal canal, and the magnitude of posterior cord migration. We also correlated these changes with neurological improvement. Postoperatively, there was an average of 5% loss of cervical spine lordosis (P > 0.01) on radiographs and 12% reduction in the lordotic alignment of the spinal cord (P > 0.05) on magnetic resonance imaging. Postoperatively, the size of the bony spinal canal increased by 48%. Posterior cord migration showed a significant correlation with the preoperative cervical spine and spinal cord lordosis (P < 0.05). Thirty-seven (67%) patients with neurological improvement exceeding 50% showed significant posterior cord migration following laminoplasty compared with those demonstrating less than 50% improvement (P = 0.01). Our results suggest that a significant neurological improvement is associated with posterior cord migration after cervical laminoplasty.     

Cross hippocampal influence in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy measured with high temporal resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging

Purpose Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a chronic disorder with spontaneous seizures recurring for years, or even decades. Many structural and functional changes have been detected in both the seizure focus and distal regions throughout the brain over this duration that may reflect the development of epileptogenic networks. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) connectivity mapping has the potential to elucidate and quantify these networks. The network between the left and right hippocampus may very likely be one of the most susceptible to changes due to long‐term seizure propagation effects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify cross hippocampal influence in mTLE using high temporal resolution fMRI, and to determine its relationship with disease duration. Methods fMRI images were acquired in the resting (interictal) state with 500 ms temporal resolution across the temporal lobes of 19 mTLE patients (13 left, 6 right). The left and right hippocampi were identified on each subject’s images using both structurally defined and functionally defined boundaries. The cross hippocampal influence was quantified in two ways for each pair of regions: (1) the nondirectional hippocampal functional connectivity calculated as the Pearson’s correlation between the average time series in the left and the right hippocampus regions, and (2) the Granger causality (GC) laterality measure, which implies directional influence by determining temporal precedence. Each of these measures was correlated with age, age of onset, and disease duration across subjects to investigate relationship to disease progression. Key Findings The hippocampal connectivity was not significantly different between patients with left and right mTLE using either the structurally or the functionally defined regions. Across all patients, hippocampal connectivity was not correlated significantly with age of onset or duration of disease. However, as duration of disease increased after 10 years (nine patients), the hippocampal connectivity increased linearly. Using the functionally defined regions, the GC laterality was increased in the right mTLE over the left mTLE, indicating that the left hippocampus was influencing the right hippocampus more than the right influencing left. This was also positively correlated with age of onset. Furthermore, like hippocampal connectivity, the relationship between GC laterality and duration of disease changes after 10 years duration of disease. After this duration, the GC laterality was positive in the three of three patients with right mTLE (left influencing right), whereas the GC laterality was negative in five of six patients with left mTLE (right influencing left). Significance This study reveals a relationship between fMRI functional connectivity and causal influence of the left and right hippocampi and duration of disease in mTLE. During the interictal state, the interhemispheric hippocampal connectivity initially is disrupted and then linearly increases as the epilepsy progresses longer than 10 years. This increase in connectivity appears to be due to the hippocampus contralateral to the epileptogenic focus exerting more influence over the ipsilateral hippocampus. These findings may have implications in understanding the functional development of epileptic networks and possibly prediction of surgical outcome of mTLE.     

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of mild traumatic brain injury

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers great promise for elucidating the neuropathology associated with a single or repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The current review discusses the physiological underpinnings of the blood-oxygen level dependent response and how trauma affects the signal. Methodological challenges associated with fMRI data analyses are considered next, followed by a review of current mTBI findings. The majority of evoked studies have examined working memory and attentional functioning, with results suggesting a complex relationship between cognitive load/attentional demand and neuronal activation. Researchers have more recently investigated how brain trauma affects functional connectivity, and the benefits/drawbacks of evoked and functional connectivity studies are also discussed. The review concludes by discussing the major clinical challenges associated with fMRI studies of brain-injured patients, including patient heterogeneity and variations in scan-time post-injury. We conclude that the fMRI signal represents a complex filter through which researchers can measure the physiological correlates of concussive symptoms, an important goal for the burgeoning field of mTBI research.     

超高场磁共振功能成像辅助切除躯体感觉区胶质瘤(附5例报告)

目的应用超高场磁共振功能成像技术进行手术前后研究脑躯体感觉功能区肿瘤与功能区的定位,辅助切除躯体感觉功能区胶质瘤。方法5例邻近或累及躯体感觉功能区的胶质瘤患者,术前行双手持物对接刺激策略,在3.0T磁共振采用血氧水平依赖(BOLD)原理进行图像采集,经工作站(Leonardo syngo 2003A,Siemens)提供的BOLD功能图像分析软件包进行分析获得脑运动功能区的激活图像,参与神经外科手术方案的制定。所有患者均在唤醒麻醉下进行显微外科手术,在术前脑功能磁共振图像指导下利用皮质直接电刺激定位感觉区与运动区。在保护脑功能区功能不受损的前提下,最大程度地切除胶质瘤。术前、术后均行KPS评分,判断患者的状态。结果(1)5例躯体感觉功能区胶质瘤,通过此项技术获得了较好的BOLD功能磁共振成像感觉功能区激活图像,定位躯体感觉功能区。(2)患者在唤醒麻醉下,在术前脑功能磁共振图像指导下利用直接皮质电刺激快捷、准确进行中央后回定位,两者具有良好的一致性。结论应用3.0T MRI可以于术前更好地利用BOLD技术显示躯体感觉功能区与脑胶质瘤的解剖关系,以指导唤醒麻醉下直接皮质电刺激定位躯体感觉功能区的手术,实现最大程度保护患者重要的功能并最大程度地切除肿瘤。