氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物对冠状动脉作用的研究

 目的：研究氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物(F₂)对动物冠状动脉的作用。方法：小鼠ip氟哌啶醇(10mg·kg^-1和20mg·kg^-1)造成锥体外系不良反应模型。Ip F₂(10mg·kg^-1,20mg·kg^-1和40mg·kg^-1)，观察行为变化?采用猪冠脉条生物检定，观察10^-6mol·L^-1，10^-5mol·L^-1和10^-4mol·L^-1F₂对KCl(10mmol·L^-1～40mmol·L^-1)致猪冠脉条收缩量效曲线的影响，并观察10^-4mol·L^-1F₂对KCl(20mmol·L^-1)致冠脉条收缩后的阻断作用?采用Langendorf灌流法，观察10^-6mol·L^-1，5×10^-6mol·L^-1和10^-5mol·L^-1F₂对脑垂体后叶素所致离体豚鼠心脏冠脉流量减少的作用。结果：氟哌啶醇可致小鼠肌张力增高，肌震颤、头颈部扭曲和尾过伸等，有量效依赖性。F₂3个浓度组无一出现上述表现。F₂可使KCI致猪冠脉条收缩曲线压低，呈量效依赖性。F₂量效依赖地拮抗脑垂体后叶素致冠脉流量的减少。结论：ipF₂不引起锥体外系不良反应，但有扩冠作用。     

镁铝匹林在健康人体的药动学和药效学研究

 目的研究镁铝匹林在健康国人的药动学和药效学特征。方法选择健康汉族男性受试者28名,随机分成3个剂量组:81 mg·d^-1(n=9)、162mg·d^-1(n=9)及324mg·d^{-1(n=10),连续服药7d。采用HPLC-MS-MS测定血浆中阿司匹林及水杨酸浓度,采用ELISA法测定血浆血栓素B₂(TXB₂)浓度。结果阿司匹林t_max为30～40min,t_1/2为17.4～29.8min;水杨酸t_max为33.3～53.3min,t_1/2为168.2～209.6min。各组t_max,ρ_max,t_1/2,AUC和CL/F在给药d1和d7无显著性差异;t_1/2和CL/F在3组间无显著性差异。镁铝匹林抑制血小板TXB₂生成作用在3组间无显著性差异。结论在本试验剂量范围内,阿司匹林和水杨酸呈线性动力学,连续服药未见体内蓄积,抑制血小板活性作用相同。}     

24-O-乙酰升麻醇-3-O-β-D-木糖苷对HepG2细胞的细胞毒性及其作用机制

 目的研究24-O-乙酰升麻醇-3-O-β-D-木糖苷对HepG2细胞的细胞毒性及其作用机制。方法利用MTT法进行细胞毒活性初筛;用荧光染色细胞形态学观察法、流式细胞术和蛋白质杂交技术从细胞和分子水平研究该化合物的细胞毒作用机制。结果24-O-乙酰升麻醇-3-O-β-D-木糖苷可以抑制HepG2细胞生长,IC₅₀值为13μmol·L^-1。该化合物可以诱导HepG2细胞凋亡和G₂/M细胞周期阻滞。进一步分子水平研究表明,该化合物可使PARP蛋白裂解,抗凋亡蛋白bcl2下调,凋亡蛋白Bax上调,细胞周期素cyclinB和细胞周期素依赖性激酶cdc2表达下调。结论24-O-乙酰升麻醇-3-O-β-D-木糖苷通过诱导细胞凋亡和G₂/M细胞周期阻滞来发挥细胞毒作用,其凋亡机制涉及caspases家族激活,bcl2下调和Bax表达上调,而G₂/M周期阻滞与cdc2和cyclinB下调直接相关。     

雪莲花醇提物对大鼠组织和红细胞的抗氧化活性

 目的研究雪莲花醇提物(ESLHM)的抗氧化活性。方法用·HO生成系统Fe²⁺维生素C诱导大鼠心、肝、肾组织匀浆脂质过氧化,用TBA比色法测定MDA含量;用NBT还原法测酵母多糖A刺激大鼠中性粒细胞产生的O₂^-;用分光光度法测H₂O₂诱发的大鼠红细胞溶血度。结果对照组大鼠心、肝、肾匀浆经Fe²⁺+维生素C溶液诱发后MDA含量较空白组升高(P<0.01),中性粒细胞受酵母多糖A刺激后O₂^-生成较空白组升高(P<0.01),红细胞经H₂O₂诱发后溶血度较空白组升高(P<0.01)。而6.3,12.5,25,50,100,200μ·L^-1 ESLHM能不同程度抑制Fe²⁺维生素C诱导的大鼠心、肝、肾脂质过氧化产物MDA生成,其抑制心、肝、肾MDA生成的IC₅₀分别为29.4,32.9,31.4 μg·L^-1,其量效关系均呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.905, -0.912,-0.908,相关性检验P值均<0.01;能不同程度抑制酵母多糖A刺激中性粒细胞生成O₂^-,其抑制中性粒细胞生成O₂-的IC₅₀为24.6 μg·L^-1,其量效关系呈负相关,相关系数为-0.887(P<0 01);能不同程度抑制H₂O₂诱发的红细胞氧化溶血,其抑制红细胞氧化溶血的IC₅₀为57.6μg·L^-1,其量效关系呈负相关,相关系数为-0.905(P<0.01),.结论雪莲花醇提物通过清除·HO,O₂^-及H₂O₂发挥抗氧化活性。     

五种二氢吡啶光稳定性比较

 目的：比较5种1，4-二氢吡啶在阳光、漫射光和灯光下的稳定性，探讨4-位取代基与光稳定性的定量构效关系(QSAR)。方法：5种1，4-二氢吡啶分别曝露于阳光、漫射光和灯光下，不同时间点取样进行反相HPLC分析，测定各自条件下的光解反应速率常数(K_app)和半衰期(t_1\2)，分别建立4-位取代基的VX常数与K_app和t_1\2的QSAR。结果：硝苯吡啶在阳光、漫射光和灯光下均呈一级动力学降解，K_app分别为(1.02±0.20)min^-1,(0.022±0.006)min^-11和(0.015±0.004)min^-1。间硝苯啶、呋喃吡啶、氯苯吡啶和苯吡啶在漫射光和灯光下保持稳定，在阳光下可被光解，各自的K_app分别为(0.21±0.07)h^-1,(0.03±0.02)h^-1,(0.019±0.003)h^-1和(0.012±0.001)h^-1?阳光下5种1,4-二氢吡啶的t_1\22分别为0.68min，3.3，24，37和58h。QSAR:K_app=2.0081-2.9876V_X+1.0885(V_X)²-2.5749×10^-5(V_X)(r=0.9046)。结论：1，4-二氢吡啶类化合物的光稳定性，不仅与4-位取代基     

RP-HPLC测定Beagle犬血浆中2,3,5,4′-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的浓度及药动学研究

 目的建立Beagle犬血浆中2,3,5,4′-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(SBGC)的RP-HPLC含量测定方法,研究Bea-gle犬灌胃何首乌二苯乙烯苷有效部位后体内药动学。方法色谱条件:Agilent Zorbax Extend-C₁₈色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-水(15:85);检测波长:320nm;柱温:30℃;流速:1.0mL·min^-1。Beagle犬灌胃何首乌二苯乙烯苷有效部位后定时取血,测定血浆药物浓度,采用DAS软件计算药动学参数。结果SBGC在0.2064～8.256mg·L^-1内线性关系良好(r=0.9994);Beagle犬灌胃何首乌二苯乙烯苷有效部位1.0,1.5,2.0g·kg^-1后符合二室开放式模型,t_1/2α分别为0.20,0.10和0.14h;t_1/2β分别为0.56,0.60和0.64h;V/F分别为0.08,0.15和0.08L·kg^-1;CL/F分别为0.11,0.20和0.16L·h^-1。结论该法快速、简便、准确,可满足药动学研究需要。     

柳珊瑚酸构效关系研究

 目的：初步研究柳珊瑚酸(Sub)的羧基与其生理活性的关系。方法：Sub酰化合成N-丁基柳珊瑚酰胺(NBS)，N-环己基柳珊瑚酰胺(NCS)和N-柳珊瑚酰N-N-二环己基脲(SDU)；制备人红细胞膜和小鼠脑提取物作为乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的组织样品，比色法测定AChE活力。结果：3种衍生物的收率分别为90%，92%和90%。上述4种化合物抑制人红细胞膜AChE的pI₅₀(抑制酶活力50%的药物摩尔浓度的负对数)分别为4.92，2.79，2.78和4.87，抑制小鼠脑AChE的pI₅₀分别为4.22，2.18，2.17和4.19；对小鼠的LD₅₀分别为23.6，96.0，84.0，35.8mg·kg^-1。结论：Sub的羧基与其生理活性和毒性是密切相关的。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中氟伐他汀浓度及其药动学研究应用

 目的建立反相高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中氟伐他汀的浓度,以用于药动学研究。方法采用体积分数0.2%磷酸乙腈溶液沉淀100μL血浆样品蛋白,高速离心后上清液直接进样分析。分析柱Kromasil C₁₈色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);流动相0.02mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈(53∶47);流速1.2mL·min^-1;检测器荧光检测器(激发波长305nm,发射波长390nm)。以外标法定量,进行方法学确证试验,并用于20名健康志愿者单剂量po40mg氟伐他汀胶囊(来适可)的药动学研究。结果本方法专属性强,内源性杂质和代谢物不干扰氟伐他汀的出峰。在2～600μg·L^-1内线性良好,相关系数r=0.999999(n=6)。定量限为2μg·L^-1。高、中、低质控样品的日内、日间RSD均小于10%,方法学回收率为95.0%～100.9%,平均提取回收率为111.4%。药-时曲线提示,氟伐他汀在中国人体内处置过程存在较大的个体差异。ρ_max,t_max,t_1/2和AUC_0～t值分别为(491.4±211.4)μg·L^-1,(0.6±0.2)h,(1.1±0.3)h和(540.2±226.5)μg·h·L^-1。结论本测定方法稳定、操作简便、快速、准确、灵敏,可用于氟伐他汀药动学的研究。中国人群中的ρ_max,AUC_0-t显著高于白人,而且还具有吸收更快、末端相消除更快的特点。     

含有取代哌嗪及哌啶结构的噻吩并吡啶类化合物的合成及活性研究

 目的 设计合成一系列新型的含取代哌嗪及哌啶的噻吩并吡啶类衍生物,并对其体内抗血小板聚集活性进行了初步评价。 方法 从噻吩并吡啶 ( 1 ) 出发,与氯乙酰氯连接得到关键中间体（ 2 ）,再与一系列取代哌嗪及哌啶连接得到目标化合物（ 3-19 ）。 结果 得到 17 个新化合物,所有化合物结构都经过 ¹ H NMR 及质谱确证。这些化合物都进行了大鼠体内抑制血小板聚集活性测试。其中化合物 10-14 具有较高活性。 结论 该类噻吩并吡啶衍生物有可能成为新型结构的具有抗血小板聚集活性的先导化合物,值得进一步研究。     

2种非那雄胺片人体等效性研究

 目的　研究进口与国产非那雄胺片(每片1mg)在健康人体内的生物等效性。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,测定21名健康男性单次交叉po对照及试验制剂20mg后血浆中不同时间点的药物浓度,用3P97程序计算药动学参数并进行等效性检验。结果非那雄胺片和保法止片的药动学参数分别为:AUC_0→tn(1413.9±614.9)和(1450.4±684.5)μg·h·L^-1,AUC_0～∞(1460.3±641.7)和(1499.9±711.6)μg·h·L^-1,t_max(2.86±0.3)和(2.90±0.3)h,ρ_max(216.3±83.4)和(209±83.9)μg·L^-1,t_1/2分别为(2.34±0.5)和(2.29±0.4)h。以保法止片为参比,非那雄胺片生物利用度F_0→tn为(99.64±10.9)%,F_0～∞为(99.20±10.1)%。结论方差分析及双单侧t检验表明/,两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

9-硝基喜树碱衍生物的合成及体外抗肿瘤活性

 目的寻找高效低毒的9-硝基喜树碱类抗肿瘤新化合物。方法设计合成了7个9-硝基喜树碱季氨盐类衍生物,经1H-NMR,IR,MS分析确证化合物的结构,利用MTT法考察了这些化合物的体外抑制肿瘤细胞活性,并通过分子生物学方法评价了这些化合物的拓扑异构酶Ⅰ抑制活性。结果7个化合物的体外细胞毒活性都低于喜树碱和topotecan,其中化合物7,9,11的细胞毒活性与氟尿嘧啶相似。化合物7,9,10,12显示了较好的拓扑异构酶Ⅰ抑制活性。结论该类水溶的9-硝基喜树碱衍生物的抗肿瘤活性值得进一步研究。     

Antiproliferative activity of the Netherlands propolis and its active principles in cancer cell lines

The MeOH extract of the Netherlands propolis showed promising antiproliferative activity toward highly liver-metastatic murine colon 26-L5 carcinoma with an EC(50) value of 3.5 microg/ml. Further, antiproliferative activity-guided purification of the MeOH extract led us to isolate four flavonoids (1-4), seven cinnamic acid derivatives (5-11) and two new glycerol derivatives (12, 13), whose structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. The isolated compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activity against murine colon 26-L5, murine B16-BL6 melanoma, human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma and human lung A549 adenocarcinoma cell lines. The benzyl (9), phenethyl (10) and cinnamyl caffeates (11) possessed potent antiproliferative activities with EC(50) values of 0.288, 1.76 and 0.114 microM, respectively, toward colon 26-L5 carcinoma. These caffeates were considered to be active constituents of the Netherlands propolis in their antiproliferative activity. The antioxidative activity of these caffeates may play an important role in their antiproliferative activities.     

黄芩素氨基酸衍生物的合成及体外细胞毒活性评价（英文）

目的：合成天然产物黄芩素的氨基酸衍生物并进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价。方法：氨基酸经酯化和酰化,在吡啶溶液中通过甲醛与黄芩素反应,制得黄芩素8位引入氨基酸侧链的衍生物;氨基酸经羧基保护和氨基酰化、黄芩素经羟基保护,制得黄芩素6位引入氨基酸侧链的衍生物。衍生物结构经质谱（MS）、核磁共振光谱（NMR）和红外光谱（IR）确证。结果：设计合成了未见文献报道的13个新的黄芩素衍生物,采用MTT法评价了目标化合物对人肝癌细胞HepG2生长的抑制活性。结论：化合物4c,4d,7a和7b显示较黄芩素高的体外抗肿瘤活性。     

二苯甲酮类化合物的合成及抗真菌活性

目的:合成二苯甲酮类化合物,对其进行结构表征,并研究其抗真菌活性,初步探讨二苯甲酮类抗真菌活性的构效关系。方法:以苯甲酰氯或邻苯二甲酸酐为原料,经傅克酰基化反应合成二苯甲酮类化合物;经1H-NMR,13C-NMR和MSESI确证结构;通过药敏试验测定目标化合物对4种常见真菌的体外最低抑菌浓度。结果:合成并鉴定出13个二苯甲酮类化合物(a1~a6,b1,c1~c6),均具有不同程度的抗真菌活性(MIC=5.45~1 278 mg·L~(-1)),其中4-氟-二苯甲酮(a2)抗白色念珠菌活性最强(MIC=55.08 mg·L~(-1)),4-氯-4'-硝基-二苯甲酮(a4)显示强抗安琪酵母菌活性(MIC=5.45 mg·L~(-1)),2,4,6-三甲基-二苯甲酮(b1)抗黑曲霉菌活性最好(MIC=55.62 mg·L~(-1))。结论:合成的二苯甲酮类化合物具有抗真菌活性,提示二苯甲酮类化合物具有广谱抗真菌性;不同结构对不同真菌具有不同的敏感度,其中羰基官能团对其活性起关键作用,且不同取代基对目标化合物抗真菌活性影响较大,被多个氯原子取代的二苯酮衍生物的抗真菌活性最为突出。实验结果可为二苯甲酮类化合物抗真菌活性的结构修饰提供思路和参考。     

Effect of benzylic oxygen on the antioxidant activity of phenolic lignans

It has been clarified in the present investigation that a high degree of oxidation at the benzylic position of phenolic lignans bearing a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl group reduces their antioxidant activity and that the antioxidant activity of the bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)tetrahydrofuran lignan 2 is higher than that of the corresponding gamma-butyrolactone lignan 1. This was demonstrated by comparing the antioxidant activities of compounds 1 and 2 with those of the (benzyl)(hydroxybenzyl)tetrahydrofurans 3 and 4, the bis(hydroxybenzyl)tetrahydrofurans 7 and 8, the (benzoyl)(benzyl)tetrahydrofuran 6, and the dibenzoyltetrahydrofuran 9. The activity level of compound 2 was approximately the same potency as that of the tetrahydronaphthalene-tetrahydrofuran 5. These compounds possess either a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl group or a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoyl group as the benzyl or benzoyl group. An examination of radical scavenging activity showed differences of activity between diastereomers. To make this comparison possible, compounds 1-9 were synthesized using new synthetic routes for several of these lignans. In this investigation, stereoisomers of the (benzyl)(hydroxybenzyl)tetrahydrofurans 3 and 4 and liovils 7 and 8 were synthesized for the first time.     

半边旗提取物及化学成分抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的：研究半边旗提取物及其单体化合物的抗肿瘤作用。方法：采用MTT法对半边旗提取物及其单体化合物进行抗肿瘤活性测试。结果：半边旗乙酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物以及单体化合物11-βhydroxy-15-oxo-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid 19--βD-glucoside（化合物Ⅰ）和11-βhydroxy-15-oxo-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid（化合物Ⅱ,即5F）均可抑制两种肿瘤细胞HepGⅡ和NCI-H460的生长,且它们对两种肿瘤细胞的抑制作用呈剂量依赖关系和时间关系,相同浓度化合物Ⅱ对两种肿瘤细胞增殖的抑制率明显高于化合物Ⅰ。结论：半边旗乙酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物是半边旗抗肿瘤的有效部位;半边旗中贝壳杉烷类化合物的抗肿瘤活性不仅与α,β-亚甲基环戊酮结构有关,还与是否连有糖基有关。     

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??OBJECTIVE To design and synthesize HIV-1 Vif inhibitor RN-18 derivatives and investigate their antiviral activities. METHODS RN-18 was used as the lead compound, and optimizations were carried out on the two side chains and the middle benzene ring. The anti-HIV-1 activities of the target compounds were analyzed by p24 assay, and the cytotoxicities of compounds with better activities were tested with MTT method. RESULTS Twenty-eight new derivatives were prepared, and their structures were characterized by MS and ¹H-NMR. The activity test showed that the antiviral activities of seven compounds were obviously improved, and the activity of compound 26 was increased to be 11 times higher than that of RN-18, with an EC₅₀ value of 21.8 ??mol??L^-1. CONCLUSION Replacing the middle benzene ring of RN-18 with heterocycles generally improves the anti-HIV-1 activity, which provides the basis for further study.     

Synthesis of A-seco derivatives of betulinic acid with cytotoxic activity

In this study, the relationships between the chemical structure and cytotoxic activity of betulinic acid (1) derivatives were investigated. Eight lupane derivatives (1-8), one of them new (6), five diosphenols (9-13), four of them new (10-13), two new norderivatives (14 and 15), five seco derivatives (16-20), four of them new (16, 17, 19, and 20), and three new seco-anhydrides (21-23) were synthesized from 1, and their activities were compared with the activities of known compounds. The effects of substitution on the A-ring and esterification of the carboxyl group in position 28 on cytotoxicity were of special interest. Significant cytotoxic activity against the T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line CEM was found in diosphenols 9 and 13 (TCS(50) 4 and 5 micromol/L) and seco-anhydrides 22 and 23 (TCS(50) 7 and 6 micromol/L). All compounds were also tested on cancer cell lines HT 29, K562, K562 Tax, and PC-3, and these confirmed activity of diosphenols 9, 10, and 11 and anhydride 22. Diosphenols, as the most promising group of derivatives, were further tested on four more lines (A 549, DU 145, MCF 7, SK-Mel2).     

6-�л�-3-����-7H-����[3,2-b]-1,2,4-���-7-ͪ�໯����ĺϳɼ�������������ø���ƻ���

??OBJECTIVE To explore the synthesis and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of 6-benzyl-3-aryl-7H-thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-one derivatives. METHODS Benzaldehyde and acetylglycine were used as raw materials and underwent Erlenmeyer-Pl??chl reaction, condensation reaction, hydrolysis reaction, condensation reaction to obtain 6-benzyl-3-thioxo-3,4-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-ones derivatives. The derivatives reacted with substituted ??-phenacyl chlorides to generate 6-benzyl-3-(hydroxylaryl)-7H-thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-ones derivatives. Then, Williamson reaction was used to yield 6-benzyl-3-aryl-7H-thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-ones as target compounds. RESULTS Nine 6-benzyl-3-aryl-7H-thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-ones were prepared as target compounds. All target compounds exhibited inhibitory activities against human AChE in vitro, five of which had inhibitory rates above 50% at 10 ??mol??L^-1. CONCLUSION Based on the screening results of AChE inhibitory activity in vitro and docking studies, there are some interactions between 6-benzyl-3-aryl-7H-thiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-one derivatives and the anionic binding site and PAS zones of AChE, and the target compounds have exhibited AChE inhibitory activities.     

马蹄金素衍生物体外抗肿瘤实验研究

目的：研究马蹄金素衍生物的体外抗肿瘤活性.方法：采用MTT法检测3个马蹄金素衍生物对人肝癌细胞株HepG2和正常肝细胞L02细胞的生长增殖影响.结果：3个化合物对肝癌细胞株HepG2的细胞毒性IC50分别为51.59、29.51、6.37μg/mL,而对正常肝细胞L02细胞的细胞毒性IC50分别为247.0、191.6、60.6μg/mL.3个化合物在给药质量浓度≥10μg/mL时,对这两种细胞增殖影响差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：3个化合物对正常肝细胞L02和肝癌细胞HepG2均有抑制作用,对L02细胞毒性较低,而对肝癌细胞HepG2具有较强的增殖抑制作用,并且呈现出剂量-效应关系.其中Y26对肝癌细胞HepG2的细胞毒性最高,IC50为6.37μg/mL.