颞肌筋膜瓣在口腔颌面组织缺损中的应用

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤根治术后,局部往往存在较大面积的组织缺损,因而需要重建修复。目前临床上采用远端皮瓣（如胸大肌皮瓣、胸锁乳突肌皮瓣）和局部邻近皮瓣（如额瓣、舌瓣等）适应证较广、成活能力较强,但存在着离术区较远、手术范围较大、修复面积有限、术后并发症多等缺点,一定程度上限制了它们的使用。因此寻找一种更为合适的组织瓣尤为必要。我们采用肌筋膜瓣修复12例口腔颌面组织缺损,获得满意效果。报道如下。     

3种肌皮瓣在口腔颌面部大型组织缺损修复中的应用

目的探讨3种肌皮瓣在口腔颌面部组织缺损修复中的临床效果和适应证。方法对56例口腔颌面部组织缺损患者分别采用全额肌皮瓣、颈阔肌肌皮瓣、胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣进行转移修复。全额肌皮瓣主要用于颊粘膜、咽侧壁、口底组织缺损,胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣主要用于口底及舌缺损,颈阔肌肌皮瓣主要用于面颊部皮肤缺损。结果 56例患者肌皮瓣完全成活54例,大部分成活2例,移植成功率100%。全额肌皮瓣30例全部成活,颈阔肌皮瓣全部成活15例,部分坏死1例。胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣全部成活9例,部分坏死1例。额面部外形恢复良好,口腔功能明显改善。结论 3种肌皮瓣均可较好地修复口腔颌面部的组织缺损,应根据缺损的组织量、部位、缺损范围、供受区与手术野的关系灵活选用。     

胸锁乳突肌瓣在口腔颌面肿瘤手术中的应用

从1908年Jianu首先报道用胸锁乳突肌瓣整复面部麻痹后,胸锁乳突肌瓣、肌皮瓣和肌骨皮瓣在口腔颌面外科中的应用都有陆续报道.单纯胸锁乳突肌瓣在口腔颌面外科中的应用报道很少.我们十几年来用胸锁乳突肌瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损,效果满意,报道如下.     

岛状胸锁乳头肌肌皮瓣转移修复口腔颌口面部组织缺损

目的：总结利用胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣转移修复口腔颌面部组织缺损。方法：组织缺损的范围、根据缺损的大小在颈部设计皮瓣、然后将皮瓣形成通过遂道转移受区严密缝合。结果：本组10例病例均获得成功，恢复了良好的外形及功能。结论：胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣转移修复口腔颌面部组织缺损是一种简单、安全、良好的修复方法。     

口腔颌面部肿瘤术后缺损的组织瓣即刻整复

本文报告我科1980～1990年采用组织瓣即刻修复肿瘤术后缺损44例(45块组织瓣),计12种类型:额瓣5块,前臂皮瓣3块,肩胛皮瓣1块,胸三角皮瓣1块,胸大肌肌皮瓣13块,胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣4块,背阔肌肌皮瓣3块,斜方肌肌皮瓣4块,髂骨肌瓣5块,肋骨胸大肌皮瓣2块,锁骨胸锁突肌皮瓣2块,舌瓣2块。总成活率为88.9％(40/45)。     

应用带蒂岛状皮瓣和肌皮瓣整复面颈部缺损75例分析

应用带蒂岛状肌皮瓣、皮瓣包括颞岛状瓣、胸大肌岛状肌皮瓣、胸三角皮瓣、胸锁乳突肌岛状肌皮瓣,颈阔肌岛状肌皮瓣等修复面颈部术后缺损75例,除2例全部坏死,8例部分坏死外,其余全部成活。与游离皮瓣相比,其手术方法简单,效果可靠,无需吻合血管,手术时间短,可代替一部分游离皮瓣,用以修复面颈部术后缺损。     

带血管蒂岛状皮瓣、肌皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损

目的评价用带血管蒂岛状皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损的效果;方法对15例口腔颌面部肿瘤切除后的软组织缺损进行修复,用鼻唇沟岛状瓣6例、胸锁乳突肌皮瓣3例、胸大肌皮瓣2例,腭瓣3例、额瓣1例：结果皮瓣全部使愈合,其中1例边臻部分坏死,1例表皮层坏死,成功率87.8%（13/15）;结论带血管蒂岛状皮瓣、肌皮瓣是修复颌面部软组织的较好的选择。     

游离及岛状组织瓣在口腔颌面部缺损修复中的应用

本文对208例口腔颌面部肿瘤切除后缺损,应用游离组织瓣,带蒂组织瓣移植一期修复组织缺损和重建部分功能.介绍了游离前臂皮瓣,带蒂额部皮瓣,颊脂垫组织瓣,颈阔肌肌皮瓣,胸大肌肌皮瓣的手术方法.讨论了各种组织瓣的优缺点以及选择组织瓣的适应证等.     

舌癌根冶术后舌缺损修复方法的探讨

目的 选择各种（肌）皮瓣用于舌癌根治术后再造术，以获得最佳的外形和功能重建。方法 对已采和的额瓣，胸大肌肌皮瓣，胸锁乳突肌肌皮瓣，斜方肌肌皮瓣，带状肌肌皮瓣，前臂游离皮瓣和足背游离皮瓣等修复方法的临床应用进行评价。结果 各种（肌）皮瓣的移植成功率为８４％￣９３％，外形和功能基本恢复率为８４％，结论 在舌缺损的修复中，应根据肿瘤的性质，范围，生物学行为，患者的全身和局部情况和移植（肌）皮瓣供区的条件     

3种肌(皮)瓣在口腔颌面部缺损修复中的应用

目的：探讨3种肌（皮）瓣移植在口腔颌面部组织缺损修复中的临床效果和适应证。方法：对28例口腔颌面部组织缺损患者分别采用前臂皮瓣、胸大肌肌皮瓣、额瓣进行移植修复。结果：28例中完全成活25例。大部分成活1例，移植成功率为92．8％，完全坏死2例．部分坏死1例；前臂皮瓣全部成活13例，全部坏死1例；胸大肌肌皮瓣全部成活10例，部分坏死1例．全部坏死1例：2例额瓣全部成活。颌而部外形、丰满度及表情功能恢复良好，口腔功能明显改善。结论：3种肌（皮）瓣均可较好地修复口腔颌面部的组织缺损，但应根据缺损的组织量、部位、缺损范围选用不同的组织瓣。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.