子宫内膜异位症影响体外受精—胚胎移植的具体环节探讨

目的　探讨子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )对体外受精 -胚胎移植 (IVF ET)的影响。方法　回顾性分析85例输卵管因素不孕的患者 (A组 ,12 3个周期 )、18例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的患者 (B组 ,2 5个周期 )和 16例无卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的内异症患者 (C组 ,2 0个周期 )的获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率等情况。结果　B组的获卵数为 (7 1± 5 9)个 ,非常显著地少于A组的 (11 6± 8 4)个和C组的 (12 1± 7 8)个 ,P <0 0 1;B组和C组的受精率分别为 6 9 5 %和 70 3% ,均显著地低于A组的 77 5 % ,P <0 0 5 ;A、B、C三组的卵裂率、子宫内膜的厚度与类型、胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率均无显著差别。结论　子宫内膜异位囊肿影响卵巢对超排卵的反应 ,内异症影响卵子的受精 ,但不影响受精卵的分裂、子宫内膜容受力、胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率。     

子宫内膜异位症对体外受精-胚胎移植的影响

目的　探讨子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )对体外受精 -胚胎移植 (Invitrofertilization -embryotransfer,IVF -ET)的影响。方法　对 2 0 0 1年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 1 0月 86例内异症合并不育患者超促排卵、体外受精和胚胎移植结局等进行回顾性分析 (共 94个周期 ) ;同期 2 0 0例输卵管因素不育患者作为对照组。结果　内异症组促性腺激素需要量显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 1 )。内异症组的获卵数、受精率、优质胚胎数显著低于对照组 (P<0 0 5 ) ;裂率比较 ,差异无显著性 ;内异症组的胚胎着床率 (1 4 2 1 % )、临床妊娠率 (2 9 5 5 % ) ,低于对照组(1 9 5 2 % ,38 2 6 % ) ,差异无统计学意义。结论　内异症影响卵巢对促超排卵的反应 ,影响卵母细胞的受精。内异症患者着床率和临床妊娠率显示降低的趋势     

子宫内膜异位症影响体外受精-胚胎移植结局的初步探讨

目的　探讨子宫内膜异位症的严重程度对体外受精 胚胎移植 (IVF ET)各个环节的影响。方法　对1999年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 4月在中山大学附属第一医院 10 7例已明确分期的子宫内膜异位症不育患者共 139周期IVF ET与同期输卵管因素不育患者 139例进行的 139周期IVF ET的控制性超排卵 (COH)治疗、受精率、卵裂率、每周期胚胎植入率和临床妊娠率、流产率等进行回顾性对照分析。结果　中、重度子宫内膜异位症不育患者与对照组相比进行IVF治疗时使用促性腺激素的总量增加而获卵数减少。重度患者雌二醇 (E2 )峰值下降 ,流产率增加 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。子宫内膜异位症不育患者IVF ET治疗时随着病情加重 ,卵巢对控制性超排卵的反应性下降 ,重度患者流产率增高。结论　子宫内膜异位症影响了卵子与胚胎的发育。     

子宫内膜异位症对体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症对体外受精.胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠结局的影响.方法对2003年4月至2005年12月69例子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症及同期73例输卵管性不孕症行IVF-ET的患者进行回顾性分析,子宫内膜异位症按照临床病理类型分为A、B两组,A组为卵巢型,B组为腹膜型,随机选同期输卵管性不孕患者为C组,比较A、B、C 3组间的促性腺激素(Gn)的用量、卵子数、受精率、临床妊娠率、种植率和分娩率.结果子宫内膜异位症A、B两组使用Gn总量显著高于C组(P＜0.05),获卵数显著低于C组(P＜0.05),而受精率、临床妊娠率、种植率、分娩率在3组间差异无显著性.结论子宫内膜异位症降低卵巢对超促排卵的反应性使获卵数减少,但不影响IVF-ET的妊娠结局.     

子宫内膜异位症对体外受精-胚胎移植的影响及对策

子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis,简称内异症）与不孕密切相关,内异症患者不孕症发生率高达40％～50％。其可以通过多种机制协同影响而导致不孕症：①盆腔解剖结构改变和输卵管结构或功能异常,干扰配子或胚胎的运输;②异常子宫收缩,影响精子运输和胚胎着床。     

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂对重度子宫内膜异位症患者行体外受精-胚胎移植结果的影响

子宫内膜异位症(内异症)是育龄妇女的常见病，50％的患者合并不孕。体外受精一胚胎移植(IVF-ET)已成为内异症并发难治性不孕的主要治疗方法。促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗内异症及其相关症状的疗效，临床也已肯定。本研究探讨内异症患者行IVF-ET前予GnRH-a治疗，对IVF-ET效果的影响。     

子宫内膜异位症对体外受精-胚胎移植影响的临床研究

目的:评估子宫内膜异位症对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)结局的影响。方法:回顾分析内异症患者70例行IVF-ET的结局,以输卵管因素IVF患者70例作为对照,统计两组患者促排卵反应、体外受精结果及妊娠结局。结果:与输卵管组相比,内异症组不孕年限及促排卵用药时间明显延长、Gn平均用量明显增多、hCG日内膜明显增厚(P<0.05),且形态不佳;内异症组平均获卵数、受精率、移植周期临床妊娠率、单胚着床率显著低于输卵管组(P<0.05);但是两组的卵裂率以及优质胚胎率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:内异症患者明显较差的卵巢反应性和子宫内膜状态影响IVF-ET结局。     

厚度偏薄的子宫内膜对体外受精-胚胎移植及冻融胚胎移植妊娠率的影响

目的探讨厚度偏薄的子宫内膜对体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)及冻融胚胎移植(freezing-thawing embryo transfer,FET)临床妊娠率的影响。方法 2008年12月至2010年4月在河南省人民医院对218周期子宫内膜厚度在6～7.9mm之间的IVF-ET及FET患者进行回顾性分析,比较子宫内膜厚度在6～7.9mm之间的IVF-ET及FET患者的临床妊娠率有无差异。结果子宫内膜厚度在6～7.9mm之间的IVF-ET组与FET组患者的临床妊娠率分别为35.6%和50.7%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论子宫内膜偏薄患者FET的临床妊娠率高于IVF-ET的临床妊娠率。     

子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者IVF治疗采用不同促排卵方案的妊娠结局比较

目的:探讨子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者体外受精(IVF)治疗采用不同促排卵方案的妊娠结局,探讨子宫内膜异位症患者助孕的促排卵方案。方法:选择2003年1月至2018年1月期间因子宫内膜异位症合并不孕行IVF治疗患者(297周期),根据促排卵方案不同分为长方案组(长效长方案、卵泡期长方案)、改良超长方案组、超长方案组和非降调方案组(拮抗剂方案),比较不同方案的临床、实验室指标及随访结局分析。结果:各组年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、基础促卵泡激素、不孕年限、原发不孕率、获卵数、不同方案在AFS分期中所占周期数差异均无统计学意义((印)P(正)>0.05)。各组MⅡ卵数差异有统计学意义((印)P(正)<0.05),长方案组MⅡ卵数最多;但4组的2PN数、优胚数、冷冻胚胎数、移植胚胎数、种植率、妊娠率、流产率、活产率差异无统计学意义((印)P(正)>0.05)。各组Gn量、hCG日内膜厚度差异有统计学意义((印)P(正)<0.05),改良超长方案Gn量最多,非降调方案量最少,非降调方案hCG日子宫内膜最薄((印)P(正)<0.05)。各组因卵巢低反应放弃周期率,差异无...     

Influence of embryo transfer depth on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer outcomes

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of transfer distance from the fundus (TDF) on clinical pregnancy rate (PR) and ectopic pregnancy rate. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. Between January 2000 and December 2001, 699 ultrasound (US)-guided embryo transfers were conducted. Mock transfer was performed to measure uterine cavity depth 1 month before treatment. Cavity depth was measured by abdominal US before the transfer, from the vaginal stripe to the fundus. Transfers were performed with a Wallace embryo transfer catheter (Cooper Surgical, Shelton, CT) using US and physician's judgment of cavity depth. Transfer distance from the fundus was calculated by subtracting the depth of catheter insertion from the cavity depth, as determined by US or by mock transfer. Statistical analyses were performed by building a multivariable logistic regression model to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). SETTING: Women aged 23 to 43 years who are in a university-affiliated, community-based IVF program in Springfield, Massachusetts. PATIENT(S): All patients enrolled in IVF program undergoing embryo transfer. INTERVENTION(S): No patient received any additional procedure or intervention. All of the measurements obtained with the embryo catheter and the transvaginal ultrasound were part of the program's protocol for the embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Odds ratio examining relationship between embryo transfer depth and PR.Clinical, implantation, and ectopic PR were 37%, 20%, and 2.1%. Cavity depth by US differed from cavity depth by mock by at least 10 mm in >30% of cases. The TDF by US was highly predictive of PR; TDF by mock was not predictive of PR. Increasing the TDF by US resulted in significantly increased PR as well as lower ectopic rates. Using regression analysis, the odds ratio for TDF by US was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07-1.14). This suggests that for every additional millimeter embryos are deposited away from the fundus, the odds of clinical pregnancy increased by 11%. CONCLUSION(S): After controlling for potential confounders, the clinical PR is significantly influenced by the transfer distance from the fundus. Cavity depth by US is clinically useful to determine the depth beyond which catheter insertion should not occur.     

胚胎移植位置对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的探讨体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）中,在B超引导下将胚胎移植到子宫腔内的不同位置对妊娠率及胚胎种植率的影响。方法回顾性分析接受IVF-ET治疗的98例输卵管因素不孕患者（共108个周期）的临床资料,根据胚胎移植位置的不同分为两组：A组,胚胎移植到距宫底≥5～〈10mm,共51例患者,56个周期;B组,胚胎移植到距宫底≥10～≤15mm,共47例患者,52个周期。比较两组患者的临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率、异位妊娠率、多胎妊娠率及流产率。结果A组56个周期中,有14个周期妊娠,临床妊娠率为25％,移植胚胎121个,种植17个,胚胎种植率为14％;B组52个周期中,有23个周期妊娠,临床妊娠率为44％,移植胚胎115个,种植28个,胚胎种植率为24％。B组临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率显著高于A组,两组分别比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组的多胎妊娠率、异位妊娠率和流产率分别比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论在IVF-ET中,胚胎移植位置的不同可影响临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率。     

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

In vitro fertilization is one of the newest approaches to infertility. Opportunities for nurses in IVF involve teaching couples about physiology, providing technical assistance and care, and counseling about the medical and emotional aspects of the program. Many times the nurse serves as the primary support person for couples and as their advocate with other team members.     

Hormonal profiles and embryo quality in women with severe endometriosis treated by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

A study was undertaken comparing the outcomes of 30 women with infertility due to untreated severe (grade IV) pelvic endometriosis with a comparable series of 28 women whose infertility was caused solely by irreversible tubal disease. There were no significant differences in either the follicular phase or luteal phase hormonal profiles of estradiol and progesterone, but there was a significantly reduced pregnancy rate in those women with severe endometriosis. In part, this was due to the recovery of fewer oocytes from the endometriosis patients (P less than 0.001) despite the fact that the peak estradiol levels and ovarian accessibility were similar in the two groups. However, there were no significant differences in the proportion of oocytes that fertilized or the number that demonstrated normal embryo growth and high-grade embryo quality. There also appears to be an implantation inhibitory factor in patients with severe endometriosis as the pregnancy rate/embryo transferred and number of gestational sacs identified/embryo transferred were significantly reduced (P less than 0.05).     

Cost-effectiveness of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

OBJECTIVE: Economic analyses in reproductive medicine often fail to take into account the chances of treatment-independent conception. We compared the cost-effectiveness of several realistic strategies involving IVF using no treatment as the reference strategy. DESIGN: A decision tree was constructed for a subfertile couple in which the clinician had to decide whether to offer treatment with IVF. No treatment at all was used as the reference strategy. SETTING: An analytic decision-making framework. PATIENT(s): Hypothetical subfertile couples. INTERVENTION(s): Two potential treatment approaches: three IVF cycles performed as soon as possible, or no treatment performed initially and then three or four IVF cycles performed if a pregnancy resulting in a live birth does not occur naturally after 212 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(s): The cost of establishing one pregnancy that results in a live birth. RESULT(s): The cost-effectiveness of IVF depended not only on the costs and expected success rates of IVF itself but also on the couple-specific chances of treatment-independent conception. Consequently, the cost-effectiveness of IVF is strongly dependent on the age of the female partner. This finding corresponds with everyday clinical experience. CONCLUSION(s): Economic analyses in reproductive medicine should take into account the option of providing no treatment.     

Mitochondrial gene expression in granulosa cells of severe endometriosis with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

The expression of mitochondrial genes in granulosa cells was quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression ratio of mitochondrial genes in granulosa cells of patients with severe endometriosis showed no statistically significant difference compared with cases of tubal infertility without endometriosis.     

Pregnancy after in vitro fertilization,cryopreservation, and embryo transfer

Summary We reported on the first pregnancy achieved in the Erlangen IVF program after cryopreservation and embryo transfer. After hMG stimulation in the first treatment cycle, nine oocytes were retrieved by laparoscopy from a 31-year-old woman and three embryos transferred. Fived other oocytes were fertilized and developed to four- to eight-cell embryos, which were subsequently cryopreserved. Transfer of these embryos two cycles later resulted in a singleton pregnancy and the birth of a healthy girl.