成都地区中老年人群体重指数对高血压患病率及血压水平的影响

目的：研究成都地区中老年人群体重指数（BMI）与高血压患病率及血压水平的关系。方法：按照随机抽样的方法抽取样本,对711人（平均年龄为63.28±6.25岁;男性占57.8%）进行了相关调查,调查内容中包括身高、体重、血压及脉搏等。结果：成都地区中老年人群的超重及肥胖所占比重较大（约45%）,按BMI分组（〈18.5 kg/m~2,18.5～23.9 kg/m~2,24～27.9 kg/m~2,≥28.0 kg/m~2）的高血压患病率分别是31.6%,54.8%,64.4%,82.8%,差异有统计学意义。采用logistic回归分析发现在调整年龄、性别、腰围及尿酸等后,BMI对高血压的患病率有独立影响。在整个人群及女性病人中,血压随着BMI的升高而有升高的趋势,差异有统计学意义。结论：成都地区中老年人群超重及肥胖所占比重较大。BMI可以影响高血压的患病率及影响女性病人的血压水平,是高血压的独立危险因素。     

邯郸市某职业人群空腹血糖水平与糖尿病患病率调查分析

目的了解邯郸市某公司35-59岁在职职工空腹血糖水平及糖尿病（DM）患病率情况。方法2008年1～9月参加体检职工,按年龄分组,分别统计和计算。结果该职业人群空腹血糖平均水平（4．90±0．84）mmol／L,同年龄组男性高于女性。糖尿病患病率3．5％,随年龄增长,空腹血糖水平和DM患病率有增高趋势。结论该职业人群DM患病率略高于全国水平。空腹血糖水平及DM患病率与年龄因素密切相关,随年龄增长有增高趋势。     

烟台地区体检人群糖尿病及空腹血糖受损患病率调查分析

目的分析烟台海滨地区人群糖尿病和空腹血糖受损患病情况及特征。方法对2008—2009年在济南军区烟台疗养院体检中心进行健康体检的3740例18～69岁人群进行调查分析。结果糖尿病患病率为5.78%(标化率为4.82%),空腹血糖受损患病率为9.41%(标化率为8.24%),且随年龄增长患病率逐渐增高。超重、肥胖者糖尿病和空腹血糖受损患病率明显高于体重指数正常者。男女之间无显著差异。结论烟台地区糖尿病和空腹血糖受损患病率与1996年及2002年全国流行病学调查结果相比明显升高。     

联合孕早中期空腹血糖、血脂水平及身体质量指数对妊娠期糖尿病发生风险预测的临床价值

目的：探讨联合孕早中期空腹血糖、血脂水平及身体质量指数（BMI）对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发生风险预测的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析2015年2月~2017年12月在赣南医学院第一附属医院产科门诊进行产检孕妇的临床资料。选取65例GDM孕妇设为GDM组,65例糖耐量正常孕妇设为对照组。比较两组孕妇空腹血浆葡萄糖（FPG）、血脂、BMI差异,采用多因素Logistic回归分析孕妇发生GDM的危险因素,并分析各指标预测GDM的价值。结果：GDM组FPG、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）、三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、BMI水平高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白（HDL-c）水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;多因素分析显示,FPG、TG、BMI是孕妇出现GDM的高危因素（P＜0.05）;FPG、TG、BMI和三者联合检查预测GDM的AUC分别为0.812、0.794、0.730、0.865。结论：FPG、TG、BMI均是预测孕妇发生GDM的有效指标,三者联合检测预测GDM的价值更高。     

睡眠质量对2型糖尿病血糖水平的影响

糖尿病的发生率呈日益上升趋势 ,已成为继心脑血管病后威胁人类健康的常见疾病之一。临床中发现一些血糖控制不佳的２型糖尿病患者常常存在睡眠质量差的问题。本研究旨在探讨睡眠质量对血糖水平的影响。１对象与方法１．１研究对象于２００１年１～６月对２型糖尿病伴有睡眠障碍经适当治疗后睡眠改善的６６例患者进行观察 ,男３３例 ,女３３例。观察对象均来自于温州医学院附属第一医院内分泌科门诊 ,在本科门诊随诊３个月。１．２方法１．２．１所有患者在实验前测定空腹及餐后２ｈ血糖及糖化血红蛋白做为对照 ,血糖均采用强生稳步型血糖仪…     

艾塞那肽联合常规治疗对肥胖2型糖尿病患者体质量指数和糖脂代谢的影响

目的分析肥胖2型糖尿病使用艾塞那肽联合常规治疗对患者体质量指数(BMI)与糖脂代谢的影响。方法选取2013年3月～2017年10月我院接诊的2型糖尿病患者104例,随机分为对照组与研究组各52例。对照组患者给予常规治疗,研究组患者在对照组治疗基础上加用艾塞那肽。观察治疗前后两组患者糖脂代谢情况和BMI,并比较两组临床疗效。结果治疗前,两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb Alc)、餐后2h血糖(2h PBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、BMI比较,差异不明显(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb Alc)、餐后2h血糖(2h PBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、BMI均降低,而HDL均升高,且研究组改善幅度较对照组明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组治疗总有效率远高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肥胖2型糖尿病使用艾塞那肽联合常规治疗临床效果显著,可有效降低患者BMI,改善糖脂代谢,值得临床推广应用。     

影响2型糖尿病患者空腹血糖的相关因素分析

糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)是一种慢性终身性疾病,其中2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes melli-tus)占糖尿病发病率的90%.2型糖尿病多与肥胖、心理、社会等因素及血糖控制、患者生活质量密切相关.糖尿病的病因和发病机制尚未完全明了,疾病主要以持续高血糖为其基本的生化改变[1].     

女性Ⅱ型糖尿病空腹血糖对血脂影响的探讨

自1998年2月至12月本院门诊、住院病人随机抽样取清晨空腹静脉血。按FBS分A、B二组。各35例．A组FBS<7 mmool／L,年龄62±9．9岁,病程2±0．9年;B组FBS≥7 mmol/L。年龄64．6±7．1岁．病程5.1±4．8年。     

海水浴对糖尿病患者空腹血糖的影响

目的 观察海水浴对糖尿病患者空腹血糖的影响。方法 选择来我院疗养的糖尿痛患者30例，随机抽取15例设为实验组，15例设为对照组，两组患者疗养期限均为30天，实验组给予海水浴，对照组未给予海水浴。其它治疗、护理及疗养措施与实验组相同。实验组在海水浴疗养前后分别检测空腹血糖，对照组在入院时及出院时分别检测空腹血糖。结果 实验组糖尿病患者海水浴疗养前后的空腹血糖经统计学处理后有显著性差异，对照组糖尿病患者入院时及出院时空腹血糖经统计学处理后无差别。结论 海水浴对降低糖尿病患者的空腹血糖有影响。     

某高校教职工代谢综合征的患病率及其与腰臀比值和体重指数的相关性研究

目的了解东南大学2006年教职工代谢综合征(metabolicsyndrome,MS)患病率及流行病学特征,分析腰臀比值、体量指数与代谢综合征的相关性。方法对东南大学2006年进行健康体检的1979名教职工体检资料进行分析。MS采用2005年国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)的诊断标准。结果东南大学成人总人群、男性及女性MS的粗患病率分别为21.7%、26.4%和14.2%,相应的标化患病率分别为14.7%、19.0%和9.4%。男性患病率显著高于女性(P<0.05)。中心性肥胖与外周肥胖者都与代谢综合征的患病率呈正相关(r=0.295,0.248,P=0.000)。结论东南大学2006年教职工代谢综合征的患病率明显增高。腰臀比值、体量指数与代谢综合征的患病率呈正相关。     

2型糖尿病体重指数与血压的相关性研究

目的 研究2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者体重指数（BMI）与血压的关系。方法 对213例已确诊为T2DM的患者根据体重指数进行分组，分别为BMI〈23、23～、25～、27～共4组（即G1～G4），测定所有对象血压、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白（GHbA1c）。结果 随着BMI逐渐增加，G1～G4组高血压的发生率逐渐增加，血压水平增加，且以舒张压升高为主。统计学分析表明，G3、G4组与G1组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05），G1、G2组间比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05），G2、G3、G4组间比较有明显差异（P〈0．05），收缩压各组间比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论 2型糖尿病患者体重指数与高血压的发病率、舒张压水平相关。     

Effect of Body Mass Index on Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients in India

♦ Objectives: We studied the effect of body mass index (BMI) at peritoneal dialysis (PD) initiation on patient and technique survival and on peritonitis during follow-up.♦ Methods: We followed 328 incident patients on PD (176 with diabetes; 242 men; mean age: 52.6 ± 12.6 years; mean BMI: 21.9 ± 3.8 kg/m²) for 20.0 ± 14.3 months. Patients were categorized into four BMI groups: obese, ≥25 kg/m²; overweight, 23 - 24.9 kg/m²; normal, 18.5 - 22.9 kg/m² (reference category); and underweight, <18.5 kg/m². The outcomes of interest were compared between the groups.♦ Results: Of the 328 patients, 47 (14.3%) were underweight, 171 (52.1%) were normal weight, 53 (16.2%) were overweight, and 57 (17.4%) were obese at commencement of PD therapy. The crude hazard ratio (HR) for mortality (p = 0.004) and the HR adjusted for age, subjective global assessment, comorbidities, albumin, diabetes, and residual glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.02) were both significantly greater in the underweight group than in the normal-weight group. In comparison with the reference category, the HR for mortality was significantly greater for underweight PD patients with diabetes [2.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5 to 5.0; p = 0.002], but similar for all BMI categories of nondiabetic PD patients.Median patient survival was statistically inferior in underweight patients than in patients having a normal BMI. Median patient survival in underweight, normal, overweight, and obese patients was, respectively, 26 patient-months (95% CI: 20.9 to 31.0 patient-months), 50 patient-months (95% CI: 33.6 to 66.4 patient-months), 57.7 patient-months (95% CI: 33.2 to 82.2 patient-months), and 49 patient-months (95% CI: 18.4 to 79.6 patient-months; p = 0.015). Death-censored technique survival was statistically similar in all BMI categories. In comparison with the reference category, the odds ratio for peritonitis occurrence was 1.8 (95% CI: 0.9 to 3.4; p = 0.086) for underweight patients; 1.7 (95% CI: 0.9 to 3.2; p = 0.091) for overweight patients; and 3.4 (95% CI: 1.8 to 6.4; p < 0.001) for obese patients.♦ Conclusions: In our PD patients, mean BMI was within the normal range. The HR for mortality was significantly greater for underweight diabetic PD patients than for patients in the reference category. Death-censored technique survival was similar in all BMI categories. Obese patients had a greater risk of peritonitis.     

体重指数及OGTT对血清瘦素水平的影响

目的 :观察肥胖者血清瘦素水平的变化及糖负荷对瘦素分泌的影响 ,进而探讨瘦素在人类肥胖发生中的作用。方法 :测定 2 0例非肥胖及 2 0例肥胖者空腹及OGTT后血清瘦素、胰岛素、血糖水平 ,同时测定糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯及胆固醇水平。结果 :(1)肥胖组血清瘦素水平明显高于非肥胖组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;(2 )与空腹状态相比 ,糖负荷后血清胰岛素水平升高 ,而瘦素水平呈下降趋势 ,但无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;(3)相关分析显示 ,空腹血清瘦素水平与性别、体重指数 (BMI)和胰岛素水平具有相关性。结论 :人类肥胖的发生可能与瘦素抵抗而不是瘦素缺乏有关。短期血胰岛素水平升高对血清瘦素水平无明显影响     

Body Mass Index as a Guide for Diagnosing Prediabetes and Diabetes

The incidence of overweight and obese people has threatened the national healthcare system and the health of individuals who are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. An estimated one third of diabetes is undiagnosed in asymptomatic patients. This article describes how screening for prediabetes and diabetes can reduce both physical and financial costs and improve health care outcomes by early detection. A hemoglobin Alc (HbgAlc) can be cost effective through a single blood draw detailing the patient's average serum glucose over the previous 3 months. Electronic health records have the capacity to calculate body mass index, which could prompt HbgAlc screening.     

Effect of a Low-Cost Intervention on Recording Body Mass Index in Patients'' Records

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effectiveness of body mass index (BMI) tables placed in exam rooms as an intervention to encourage providers to calculate and record BMI scores in patients' medical records. DESIGN: In a prospective cohort design, medical record data for 276 adult patients at a federally funded community health center in New England were examined from August 2000 to August 2002 following the intervention. METHODS: Prominent, multicolored, laminated BMI tables were posted in the exam rooms of one of the study site's three primary health care teams. Medical record data collected included documentation of BMI calculation in medical records, documentation of an obesity diagnosis, and inclusion of heights and current weights. Frequency distributions were calculated; chi-square tests were used to identify associations. FINDINGS: In contrast to the comparison teams, patients on the intervention team were more likely to have BMI recorded in the medical record. A statistically significant increase in the diagnosis of obesity was observed throughout the health center after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Posting BMI tables in exam rooms contributed to increased BMI documentation in patients' medical records.     

青少年高血压与空腹血浆Ghrelin水平及体质指数的关系

【目的】探讨青少年高血压与空腹血浆Ghrelin水平及体质指数（BMI）的关系。【方法】选取秦皇岛市13～15岁青少年158名,根据血压分为高血压组（n=48）和血压正常对照组（n=110）,测量身高、体质量,计算体质量指数（BMI）。空腹静脉采血,测量空腹血糖、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、真胰岛素和血浆Ghrelin水平。【结果】高血压组BMI、真胰岛素和HOMA-IR水平高于对照组[分别（25．1±4．7）比（21．8±3．9）kg／m2,t=4．474;（2．8±0．5）比（2．6±0．6）IU／L,t=2．184;（1．3±0．6）比（1．1±0．6）,t=1．985;均P〈0．053,两组Ghrelin、空腹血糖、三酰甘油和HDL-C水平差异无统计学意义。Ghrelin与收缩压和舒张压无相关。收缩压和舒张压均与BMI（分别r=0．531,0．376;均P〈0．01）、ln（HOMA-IR）（分别r=0．242,0．185;均P〈0．01）、1n（真胰岛素）（分别r=0．243,0．204;均P〈0．01）呈正相关。行多元线性回归显示,BMI是收缩压和舒张压的独立影响因素（分别β=1．759,0．776;均P〈0．01）。【结论】青少年高血压与BMI密切相关。     

Effect of Body Mass Index on Stroke Rehabilitation

Objective

To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and the functional progress of patients with stroke, admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.

Design

A retrospective cohort study.

Setting

A freestanding university rehabilitation hospital stroke unit.

Participants

All patients (N=819) admitted to the stroke unit of a rehabilitation hospital during the study.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

The primary study outcome measure was the FIM efficiency of patients by BMI category.

Results

For the 819 patients admitted during the observation period, BMI was compared with FIM score changes per day (FIM efficiency). After adjusting for age and sex, the FIM efficiency differed by BMI. The underweight group had the lowest FIM efficiency, followed by the obese and normal-weight subgroups. The overweight group had the highest FIM efficiency (P=.05) when compared with the obese subgroup.

Conclusions

Among patients admitted to an acute rehabilitation hospital for stroke rehabilitation, overweight patients had better functional progress than did patients in the other weight categories.