线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道阻断剂对在体大鼠肺缺血后处理的作用及其机制

目的 探讨缺血后处理(IPO)对大鼠在体肺缺血-再灌注损伤(I/R)的保护作用及线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道(mitoKATP)在缺血后处理效应中的作用.方法 将Wistar大鼠35只随机分为5组:假手术组(Sham组)、缺血再灌注损伤组(I/R组)、缺血后处理组(IPO组)、缺血再灌注损伤+5-羟基葵酸盐组(I/R+5-HD组)、缺血后处理+5-羟基葵酸盐组(IPO+5-HD组).观察各组肺组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、湿/干比值(W/D)以及病理形态学改变.结果 I/R组与Sham组比较MDA含量增加[(5.07±1.60)nmol/mg prot比(1.43±0.41)nmol/mgprot,P＜0.01],SOD活性减低[(12.38±2.24)U/mg prot比(45.51±5.42)U/mg prot,P＜0.01],W/D比值增高(5.45±0.82比3.05±0.47,P＜0.01),肺组织形态及超微结构明显受损;IPO+5-HD组与IPO组比较MDA含量增加[(3.74±0.71)nmol/mg prot比(2.60±0.43)nmol/mg prot,P＜0.01],SOD活性减低[(22.91±2.71)U/mg prot比(28.74±2.03)U/mg prot,P＜0.01],W/D比值增高(4.64±0.79比3.89±0.60,P＜0.01),肺组织形态及超微结构明显受损;IPO组与I/R组比较,肺组织MDA含量减少[(2.60±0.43)nmol/mg prot比(5.07±1.60)nmol/mg prot,P＜0.01],SOD活性增高[(28.74±2.03)U/mg prot比(12.38±2.24)U/mg prot,P＜0.01],W/D比值减低(3.89±0.60比5.45±0.82,P＜0.01),肺组织病理形态学改变轻于I/R组;I/R+5-HD组与I/R组比较,肺组织MDA含量[(5.14±1.30)mol/mg prot比(5.07±1.60)mol/mg prot,P＞0.05)、SOD活性[(11.65±1.82)U/mg prot比(12.38±2.24)U/mg prot,P＞0.05]、W/D比变化(5.54±0.61比5.45±0.82),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),肺组织病理形态学改变无明显差异.IPO+5-HD组的各项指标介于IPO组和I/R组之间.结论 缺血后处理能减轻大鼠在体肺缺血再灌注损伤,mitoKATP参与了肺缺血后处理效应.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPO) on lung ischemic reperfusion (L/R) in rats in vivo and the mechanism of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) blocker in the ischemic postconditioning. Methods Thirty five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham group, I/R group, ischemic postconditioning (IPO) group, I/R +5-hydroxydecanoate (I/R + 5-HD) group, IPO + 5-HD group. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoide dismutase (SOD) were determined in the lung homogenate, wet to dry weight ratio (W/D) was measured and pathological changes were also observed. Results The levels of MDA[(5.07±1.60) vs (1.43 ±0.41) nmol/mg prot,P＜0. 01]and W/D (5.45 ±0.82 vs 3.05 ±0. 47,P ＜0. 01 ) were increased significantly in I/R group as compared with sham group, while the activity of SOD[( 12. 38 ±2. 24) vs (45.51 ±5.42) U/mg prot,P ＜0. 01]was decreased, and the injury of lung tissues was significantly aggravated in IPO + 5-HD group as compared with IPO group[MDA: (3.74 ±0. 71 ) nmol/mg prot vs (2. 60 ± 0. 43 ) nmol/mg prot , P ＜ 0. 01]; W/D: 4. 64 ± 0. 79 vs 3. 89 ± 0. 60,P＜0.01; SOD:[(22.91 ±2.71) U/mg prot vs (28.74±2.03) U/mg prot,P＜0. 01]. The levels of MDA[(2.60±0.43) vs (5.07 ±1.60) nmol/mg prot,P＜0. 01]and W/D (3.89 ±0.60 vs 5.45 ±0. 82,P ＜0. 01 ) were decreased significantly in IPO group as compared with I/R group, the activity of SOD[(28.74±2.03) vs (12.38 ±2.24) U/mg prot,P＜0. 01]increased and lung tissue histological damage attenuated. The difference in MDA[(5.14 ± 1.30) vs (5.07 ± 1.60) nmol/mg prot, P ＞ 0. 05],W/D (5.54±0.61 vs5.45 ±0.82,P＞0.05) and SOD[(11.65 ±1.82) vs (12.38 ±2.24) U/mgprot,P ＞ 0. 05]levels had no statistical significance between I/R + 5-HD group and I/R group, and the injury of lung tissues had no significant difference too. Each index in IPO + 5-HD group was between IPO and I/R groups. Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can attenuate the lung I/R injury, and mitoKATP plays a vital role in the protective procession of ischemic postconditioning on lung ischemic reperfusion.     

靶向STAT3的慢病毒表达载体的构建及其对血管平滑肌细胞增殖凋亡的影响

目的 构建大鼠STAT3基因的shRNA慢病毒表达载体,并观察其对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响.方法 针对STAT3基因的不同部位设计4对shRNA的寡核苷酸片段,克隆到慢病毒载体PLKO.1中,构建靶向STAT3基因的慢病毒载体PLK0.1-STAT3-shRNA,检测并筛选最佳抑制效率的shRNA干扰载体.并将其转染大鼠血管平滑肌细胞,用噻唑蓝法和流式细胞仪检测沉默STAT3基因后对血管平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡能力的影响.结果　靶向STAT3慢病毒表达载体构建成功.转染PLKO.1-STAT3-shRNA后,STAT3蛋白表达明显下降,其中以PLKO.1-STAT3-S1最为明显,达到90%以上;转染PLKO.1-STAT3-S1的细胞增殖能力(A值=0.25±0.05)明显低于未转染组(A值=0.62±0.12)和阴性对照组细胞(A值=0.59±0.11)(P＜0.05);而早期细胞凋亡率(26.9±2.8)%和晚期细胞凋亡率(9.5±1.6)%均明显高于未转染组和阴性对照组(P＜0.01).结论　成功构建并筛选最佳抑制效率的靶向STAT3慢病毒表达载体PLKO.1-STAT3-S1,该载体能有效抑制大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖,并促进细胞凋亡.

Abstract：

Objective To construct a recombinant short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentiviral vector carrying STAT3 gene in rats, and to investigate its effects on proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells by silencing STAT3. Methods Four oligonucleotides targeting STAT3 gene were synthesized and cloned into lentivirus vector PLKO. 1. The shRNA lentiviral vector with best transfection efficiency was detected and identified, which was transfected into vascular smooth muscle cells in rats, and its effects on proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells were measured by MTT and flow cytometry after silencing STAT3. Results The recombinant lentivirus vector PLKO. 1-STAT3-shRNA was constructed successfully. PLKO. 1-STAT3-shRNA knocked down the expression of STAT3 protein dramatically, especially PLKO. 1-STAT3-S1, whose transfection efficiency was more than 90%. The proliferation capacity of vascular smooth muscle cells transfected with PLKO. 1-STAT3-S1 (A value =0. 25 ±0. 05 ) was significantly lower than no-transfected group (A value =0. 62 ±0. 12) and negative control group (A value =0. 59 ±0. 11 )(P ＜ 0. 05). Meantime the early apoptosis rate (26. 9 ± 2. 8 ) % and late apoptosis rate (9. 5 ± 1.6 ) % in PLKO. 1-STAT3-shRNA-transfected group were significantly higher than in no-transfected group and negative control group (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The recombinant lentivirus shRNA vector targeting STAT3,PLKO. 1-STAT3-S1, with best transfection efficiency, is constructed successfully. PLKO. 1-STAT3-S1 can inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and promote the cell apoptosis. This study lays the foundation for further studying on targeting treatment of vascular restenosis.     

前列地尔对兔肾缺血再灌注时细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的 观察前列地尔对兔肾缺血再灌注损伤时肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的保护作用.方法 建立兔肾缺血再灌注损伤动物模型,将实验兔随机分为3组:即对照组、缺血再灌注组和前列地尔组,每组10只.检测兔血清肌苷(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)浓度及肾组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量及肾组织中凋亡细胞.结果 与对照组比较,缺血再灌注组和前列地尔组在再灌注后Cr、BUN水平均大幅度上升(P＜0.05);但前列地尔组动物在再灌注60min后Cr水平(231.32±17.57)μmol/L明显低于缺血再灌注组(390.61±20.42)μmol/L(P＜0.05);肾小管上皮细胞bcl-2、bax、Caspase-3表达与对照组比较,缺血再灌注组明显增强(P＜0.05);前列地尔组与缺血再灌注组比较表达减弱,但仍强于对照组(P＜0.05).前列地尔组、缺血再灌注组与对照组比较凋亡细胞数增多,前列地尔组与缺血再灌注组比较凋亡细胞数减少.MDA、SOD与MPO的活性与对照组比较,缺血再灌注组与前列地尔组明显增强(P＜0.05);前列地尔组与缺血再灌注组比较,该两者活性明显减弱(P＜0.05).结论 前列地尔在肾脏缺血再灌注损伤时能有效的保护肾功能其作用机制可能是通过减少细胞脂质过氧化,从而降低bcl-2、bax、Caspase-3等凋亡基因的表达.

Abstract：

Objective To study the alprostadil effects of alprostadil on apoptosis by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR[) in rabbits. Methods The rabbit IRI models were made, and randourly divided into three groups: control group, IR[group and prostavasin intervention group. The creatinine (Ct) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. Malondialdehyde ( MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD),myeloperoxidase ( MPO), bcl-2, bax, Caspase-3 and apoptosis were assayed at 60 min after reperfusion.Results The Cr and BUN levels in plasma in IRI group and Prostavasin intervention group were increased obviously after reperfusion. The Cr levels at 60 min after repeffusion in alprostadil intervention group (231.32 + 17. 57 ) μmol/L were significantly lower than in IRI group ( 390. 61 ± 20. 42 ) μ mol/L, ( P ＜0. 05 ). The levels of bcl-2, bax, Caspase-3 in the renal tissue in IRI group were significantly higher than in control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and those in alprostadil intervention group were lower than in IRI group, but markedly higher than in control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ). The number of apoptotic cells in alprostadil intervention group and IRI group was increased as compared with control group, and that in alprostadil intervention group was reduced as compared with IRI group. The contents of MDA, SOD and MPO in renal tissue of IRI group and Prostavasin intervention group were significantly higher than in control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and those in IRI group were significantly lower than in alprostadil intervention group (P ＜0. 05 ). Conclusion Alprostadil could be used to protect renal ischemia-reperfusion injury probably by decreasing oxygen free radicals generation, inhibiting neutrophils aggregating and activating in the renal tissues, thereby inhibiting the expression of bcl-2, bax, Caspase-3.     

金属硫蛋白对皮瓣存活及细胞凋亡基因的影响

目的 观察金属硫蛋白(MT)对细胞凋亡基因及皮瓣存活影响.方法 大鼠背部形成随意皮瓣,实验组予以MT,对照组予以生理盐水,术后10 d测皮瓣存活率,术后3 d行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色光镜检查,激光多普勒测血运,术后3 d测皮瓣细胞凋亡基因bcl-2、bax蛋白.结果 MT组皮瓣的存活率(69.88±3.12)%高于对照组(60.65±2.98)%(P＜0.01).MT组中性粒细胞较多,激光多普勒血流量相对值(LDF值)下降少(P＜0.01).bcl-2蛋白表达MT组(2.98±0.23)较对照组(1.24±0.11)高(P＜0.01).bax蛋白(0.09±0.02)较对照组(0.23±0.09)低(P＜0.01).结论 皮瓣术后MT促进bcl-2,抑制bax,从而提高皮瓣存活率.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate whether metallothionein (MT) influences necrosis and expression of bcl-2 and bax in random pattern skin flaps of rats. Methods After flap operation, the rats in MT group were injected with MT, and those in control group received an injection of drug-free saline. Survival rate of the flaps was measured and the changes in the tissue were observed under the light microscopy.By using Doppler, the blood flow of flap was measured. The expression of bcl-2 and bax was detected. Results The survival area in MT group (69. 88 ±3. 12)% was significantly greater (P＜0.01) than that in control group (60. 65 ± 2. 98) %. There were more inflammatory cells in control group than in MT group.LDF in MT group was significiently higher than that in control group (P ＜0.01 ) 1st h, 2nd h, 3rd h, 6th h,1 st day, 3rd day, 6th and 7th day postoperation and at the 10th day postoperation (P ＜ 0. 05 ). At the 3rd day postoperation, the expression of bcl-2 in MT group (2.98 ± 0. 23 ) was significantly higher than that in control group ( 1.24 ± 0. 11 ) ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The expression of bax in MT group ( 0. 09 ± 0. 02 ) was significantly lower than that in control group (0. 23 ± 0. 09) ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion MT can affect the expression of bcl-2 and bax and significantly promote survival of skin flap.     

槲皮素对缺血再灌注大鼠离体心脏的作用

目的 观察槲皮素(Quercetin)对缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)离体大鼠心脏的作用.方法 将32只SD大鼠随机分为4组:空白对照组(Control);给药对照组(Control+Que);缺血再灌注组(I/R);缺血再灌注给药组(I/R+Que),行Langendorff心脏灌注,给药组预防性给予槲皮素(5 μmol/L).监测各组心功能(±dp/dtmax),比较再灌注1 h心肌尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化酶(NOX2)、一氧化氮合酶(iNOS、eNOS)表达和超微结构的变化.结果 I/R组与Control组比较心功能显著降低(分别为18.91±3.38、-22.43±8.84和60.65±11.65、-56.62±8.49,P＜0.01),NOX2、iNOS、eNOS mRNA(分别为0.1590±0.0539、0.0897±0.0236、0.0154±0.0061和0.0247±0.0070、0.0377±0.0135、0.0091±0.0033,P＜0.05)和蛋白的表达均显著增加,心肌超微结构严重损伤;与I/R比较I/R+Que组(45.77±8.05,-42.10±8.71)显著增强心功能(P＜0.01),显著降低NOX2、iNOS、eNOS mRNA(分别为0.0864±0.0358、0.0445±0.0104、0.0085±0.0032,P＜0.05)和蛋白的表达,明显减轻心肌超微结构的损伤.结论 在离体水平预防性给予槲皮素能够显著减轻缺血再灌注对大鼠心肌造成的损伤,保护心脏.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the effect of quercetin (Que) on isolated rat hearts after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods Thirty-two SD rats were divided randomly into 4 groups with 8 in each group: ( 1 ) Control group, isolated hearts contiuosly peffused without ischemia; (2) Control + Que group: isolated hearts contiuosly perfused without ischemia but the adminstration of Que (5 μmol/L) 5 min after perfusion; (3) I/R group: isolated hearts perfused with 30 min global ischemia followed by reperfusion; (4) I/R + Que group: isolated hearts perfused with 30 min global ischemia followed by reperfusion and the adminstration of Que (5 μmol/L) 10 min before ischemia. Hemodynamic parameters ( ± dp/dtmax),myocardial ultrastructure, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases 2 ( NOX2),inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA and protein expression after reperfusion were compared among the four groups. Results As compared with control group, hemodynamic parameters were greatly decreased after reperfusion ( 18.91 ± 3. 38, - 22. 43 ± 8. 84vs 60. 65 ± 11.65, - 56. 62 ± 8. 49 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ), myocardial ultrastructures were significantly destroyed and the expression levels of NOX2, iNOS, eNOS mRNA and protein were significantly increased after 60-min reperfusion (0. 1590 ±0.0539, 0.0897 ±0.0236, 0.0154 ±0.0061 vs 0.0247 ±0.0070, 0.0377 ±0. 0135, 0. 0091 ± 0. 0033, P ＜ 0. 05 ) in I/R group. As compared with I/R group, hemodynamic parameters were significantly recovered (45.77 ± 8.05, - 42. 10 ± 8. 71, P ＜ 0. 01 ), myocardial ultrastructures were well protected and the expression levels of NOX2, iNOS, eNOS were significantly decreased (0. 0864± 0. 0358, 0. 0445 ± 0. 0104, 0. 0085 ± 0. 0032, P ＜ 0. 05 ) in I/R + Que group, but there was no significant difference between control group and control + Que group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Que can protect isolated perfused rat hearts from IRI by its antioxidative effect.     

舒芬太尼后处理对犬心肌缺血/再灌注Bcl-2、Bax的影响及其与JAK2-STAT3信号通路的关系

目的 研究舒芬太尼后处理对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤(ischemiia/reperfusion injury,I/RI)细胞凋亡的影响以及与信号通路JAK2-STAT3的关系.方法 健康杂种家犬24只,体重10 kg～15 kg,按随机数字表法分为4组(每组6只):假手术组(Sham组,只穿线,不结扎),心肌缺血/再灌注(ischemia/reperfusion,I/R)组,舒芬太尼后处理组(SPO组,于再灌注前5min静脉注射舒芬太尼0.6 μg/kg),舒芬太尼后处理+AG490组(SPO+AG490组,于再灌注前5 min静脉注射l mg/kg AG490,特异性的JAK2抑制剂),除Sham组外,所有犬心脏都经历30 min缺血和120 min再灌注.再灌注120 min时,取各组缺血区心肌组织,采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP原位切口末端标记(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling,TUNEL)法测定心肌细胞的凋亡情况,免疫组化法测定各组Bcl-2、Bax以及磷酸化STAT3 (p-ATAT3)蛋白的表达,并计算Bcl-2和Bax表达的比值(Bcl-2/Bax).结果 再灌注120 min时,可在I/R组缺血区心肌组织中检测到大量凋亡心肌细胞(63.9±4.0)％,而舒芬太尼后处理显著降低心肌细胞凋亡指数(30.7±1.5)％;与Sham组比较,I/R组、SPO组和SPO+AG490组Bcl-2与Bax表达上调,I/R组Bcl-2/Bax比值降低,SPO组Bcl-2/Bax比值升高;舒芬太尼后处理使p-STAT3表达明显增加,特异性的阻断剂AG490抑制了舒芬太尼后处理对心肌I/RI凋亡的作用,即抑制p-STAT3表达的增加. 结论 舒芬太尼后处理对心肌I/RI细胞凋亡有一定的抑制作用,通过激活JAK2-STAT3信号转导通路上调Bcl-2蛋白和下调Bax蛋白来发挥作用.     

酸性HEPES-KH液对离体未成熟心肌的作用

目的 观察不同pH值HEPES-KH复灌液对离体未成熟心肌的影响.方法 建立Langendorff离体灌注模型,分为2组:缺血/再灌(I/R,n=8),用pH 7.4 HEPES-KH液灌流20 min,缺血60min,恢复灌注30min;酸性灌注组(E,n=8),用pH7.4HEPES-KH液灌流20min,缺血60min后,应用pH 6.8、7.1和7.4 HEPES-KH液顺次灌注5、5、20 min.以血流动力学指标、生化指标作为观察指标.结果 E组与I/R组比较,左心室功能恢复、三磷酸腺苷含量(ATP)(0.93±0.12比0.56±0.04,P＜0.01)、超氧化物歧化酶活性(183.47±9.72比120.17±6.21,P＜0.01)、心肌线粒体Ca2+-ATP酶活性(16.74±1.42比6.78±0.64,P＜0.01)和心肌线粒体合成ATP的能力(105.37±9.51比50.83±4.75,P＜0.01)明显增强,在心肌含水量(74.56±1.68比86.20±2.33,P＜0.01)、丙二醛含量(1. 97±0.17比2.88±0.32,P＜0.01)、肌酸激酶(64.56±4.69比88.48±5.86,P＜0.01)和乳酸脱氢酶漏出率漏出率(96.41±6.57比128.42±9.80,P＜0.01)、心肌细胞内Ca2+含量(2.25±0.28比4.48±0.74,P＜0.01)和心肌线粒体Ca2+含量(36.10±4.05比68.29±6.90,P＜0.01)明显减少.结论 复灌初期应用梯度酸性复灌液对离体未成熟心肌具有明显保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To study the protective effects of different pH HEPES-KH reperfusate solutions on immature myodium. Methods The isolated Langendorff perfused model from immature rabbit hearts was established. The rabbits in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group were perfused with pH7.4HEPES-KH solutions preischemia and postischemia. In experimental (E) group, pH 6. 8, pH 7. 1 and pH 7. 4 HEPES-KH solutions were perfused for 5, 5 and 20 min postischemia, respectively. The hemodynamics and biochemistry were tested. Results The left ventricular function was significantly improved, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content (0. 93 ±0. 12 vs 0. 56 ±0. 04,P ＜0. 01 ), superoxide dismutase activity ( 183.47 ±9. 72 vs 120. 17 ± 6. 21, P ＜ 0. 01 ), Ca2+ -ATPase activity of mitothondia ( 16. 74 ± 1.42 vs 6. 78 ± 0. 64, P ＜ 0. 01 ), ATP activity of mitochondria ( 105.37 ± 9. 51 vs 50. 83 ± 4. 75, P ＜ 0. 01 ) were significantly increased in E group as compared with those in I/R group. Myocardial water content (74. 56 ± 1.68 vs 86. 20 ±2. 33 ,P ＜0. 01 ), malondialdehyde content ( 1.9710. 17 vs 2. 88 ±0. 32,P ＜0. 01 ), dehydrogenase (64. 56 ± 4. 69 vs 88. 48 ± 5. 86, P ＜ 0. 01 ) and creatine kinase leakage (96. 41 ±6.57 vs 128.42 ±9.80,P＜0.01), myocardial cell Ca2+ content (2.25 ±0.28 vs 4.48 ±0.74,P＜0.01) and mitochondrial Ca2+ content (36. 10 ±4.05 vs 68.29 ±6.90,P＜0.01) in E group were reduced as compared with those in I/R group. Conclusion pH paradox might be one of important mechnisms for immature myocardial I/R injury, and acidic perfusate, at the beginning of reperfusion, might attenuate pH paradox and ameliorate functional recovery on isolated immature rabbit hearts.     

钙预处理对未成熟心肌的保护作用

目的 观察钙预处理对未成熟心肌的影响.方法 采用Langendorff离体灌注模型,分为3组,缺血再灌组(I/R):离体心脏灌注10 win、工作心15 min后停灌45 min恢复灌注15 min,转为工作心模型30 min;心脏缺血预处理组(IPC):离体灌注10 min转为工作心15 min,反复2次缺血5min/再灌5min,停灌45min后恢复灌注15min,转为工作心模型30min;钙预处理组(CP):离体心脏灌注10 min、工作心15 min后,反复3次45 s无钙KH液灌流/5 min KH液灌流,停灌45 min后恢复灌注15 min,转为工作心模型30 min.以血流动力学指标、生化指标和心肌超微结构作为观察指标.结果 IPC与CP组比较,血流动力学指标、生化指标和心肌超微结构等方面均无明显差异;CP、IPC与I/R组比较,左心室功能恢复、三磷酸腺苷含量(ATP)(11.53±1.85、13.40±1.96比4.27±0.83,P＜0.01)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(230.47±11.72、236.28±12.69比124.17±6.20,P＜0.01)、心肌线粒体Ca2+ATP酶活性(17.86±1.39、16.38±1.27比6.78 ±0.64,P＜0.01)和心肌线粒体合成ATP的能力(104.29±9.60、102.43±9.53比50.83±4.75,P＜0.01)明显增强,在心肌含水量(75.32±1.25、73.29±1.26比84.23±2.03,P＜0.01)、丙二醛含量(1.32±0.12、1.23±0.11比2.61±0.37,P＜0.01)、肌酸激酶(53.17±5.32、57.47±5.62比123.65±9.63,P＜0.01)和乳酸脱氢酶漏出率(32.16±3.23、34.48±3.43比85.43±5.93,P＜0.01)、心肌细胞内(2.54 ±0.32、2.17±0.22比4.48±0.74,P＜0.01)和心肌线粒体Ca2+含量(35.91±4.01、36.85±3.97比68.29±6.90,P＜0.01)明显减少;CP、IPC组心肌超微结构损伤较I/R组明显减轻.结论 钙预处理对未成熟心肌具有明显保护作用

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Ca2+ preconditioning on isolated immature myocardium.Methods Isolated working rabbit heart model was used,and 18 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) group receiving 45 min ischemia followed by 45 min reperfusion;myocardial ischemic preconditioning (IPC) group receiving 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion 2 times before 45 min ischemia followed by 45 min reperfusion;Ca2 + preconditioning (CP)group receiving no-Ca2 + preconditioning before 45 min ischemia followed by 45 min reperfusion.The hemodynamics,biochemistry and myocardial ultrastructure were tested.Results The hemodynamics,biochemistry and myocardial ultrastructure had no significant diferrence between CP group and IPC group.As compared with I/R group,in CP and IPC groups,the left ventricular function recovery,adenosine triphosphate content (ATP) (11.53 ± 1.85,13.40 ± 1.96 vs 4.27 ±0.83,P＜0.01),superoxide dismutase (SOD)activity (230.47± 11.72,236.28 ± 12.69 vs 124.17 ±6.20,P＜0.01),Ca2+-ATPase activity of mitothondia ( 104.29 ± 9.60,102.43 ± 9.53 vs 50.83 ± 4.75,P＜0.01 ) and synthesized ATP activity of mitochondria ( 104.29 ±9.60,102.43 ±9.53 vs 50.83 ±4.75 ,P ＜0.01 ) were improved,and myocardial water content ( 75.32 ± 1.25,73.29 ± 1.26 vs 84.23 ± 2.03 ,P＜0.01 ),malondialdehyde content ( 1.32 ± 0.12,1.23 ± 0.11 vs 2.61 ± 0.37 ,P＜0.01 ),the dehydrogenase (32.16 ± 3.23,34.48 ± 3.43 vs 85.43 ± 5.93,P ＜0.01 ) and creatine kinase leakage (53.17 ±5.32,57.47±5.62 vs 123.65 ±9.63 ,P ＜0.01 ),myocardial cell Ca2+ content (2.54 ±0.32,2.17 ±0.22 vs 4.48 ±0.74 ,P ＜0.01 ) and mitochondrial Ca2+ content(35.91 ±4.01,36.85 ±3.97 vs 68.29 ±6.90,P ＜0.01 ) were reduced.The ultra.structure injury was milder in CP group and ICP group than in I/R group.Conclusion CP has signifcantly protective effects on immature myocardium.     

JAK2-STAT3通路在舒芬太尼后处理减轻犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的作用

目的 评价Janus激酶2-信号转导与转录激活子(JAK2- STAT3)通路在舒芬太尼后处理减轻犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的作用.方法 健康杂种家犬24只,雌雄不拘,体重10～15 kg,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为4组(n=6):假手术组(S组);心肌缺血再灌注损伤组(I/R组),结扎左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注120 min;舒芬太尼后处理组(PO组),再灌注前5min时经5 min静脉输注舒芬太尼0.6 μg/kg;舒芬太尼后处理+AG490组(AG组),再灌注前5min时静脉注射JAK2抑制剂AG490 1 mg/kg后经5 min静脉输注舒芬太尼0.6 μg/kg.于再灌注120 min时取缺血部位心肌标本,光镜下观察病理学结果,采用免疫组化法测定心肌细胞caspase-3和磷酸化STAT3(p- STAT3)的表达,采用TUNEL法测定心肌细胞凋亡指数.结果 与S组比较,I/R组、PO组和AG组心肌细胞凋亡指数、caspase-3及p-STAT3的表达均升高(P＜0.05);与I/R组比较,PO组和AG组心肌细胞凋亡指数和caspase-3表达降低,PO组p-STAT3表达升高,AG组p-STAT3表达降低(P＜0.05);与PO组比较,AG组心肌细胞凋亡指数和caspase-3表达升高,p-STAT3表达降低(P＜0.05).PO组心肌病理学损伤较I/R组和AG组减轻.结论 JAK2-STAT3通路参与了舒芬太尼后处理减轻犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤.     

热休克蛋白70和血红素加氧酶-1表达在肾缺血后处理减轻肾缺血再灌注损伤中的作用

目的 评价热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)表达在肾缺血后处理减轻肾缺血再灌注损伤中的作用.方法健康雄性SD大鼠140只,体重250～280 g,采用随机数字表法,将大鼠随机分为4组(n=35):假手术组(S组)仅开腹,游离双侧肾脏,分离双侧肾蒂不夹团;肾缺血再灌注组(I/R组)夹闭双侧肾蒂缺血45 min,恢复灌注;缺血后处理组(IPo组)夹闭双侧肾蒂45 min,再灌注10 s,缺血10 s,反复3次,恢复灌注;HSP抑制剂槲皮黄酮+缺血后处理组(Q+IPo组)缺血前1 h 腹腔注射槲皮黄酮100 mg/kg,余操作同IPo组.于再灌注即刻(T0)、1、3、6、12、24、48 h(T1～6)时各组随机取5只大鼠抽心脏血后取肾,检测肾组织HSP70、HO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达,T3时抽心脏血,测定血清肌酐(Cr)和尿素氮(BUN)浓度、caspase-3 mRNA的表达,TUNNEL法检测肾组织凋亡细胞,计算凋亡指数(AI),光镜下观察肾组织病理学结果.结果 与S组比较,其余组T3时血清Cr和BUN浓度和AJ升高,caspase-3 mRNA表达上调,各时点HSF70、BO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达上调(P＜0.05);与I/R组比较,IPo组T3时血清Cr和BUN浓度和AI降低,caspase-3 mRNA表达下调,T1～5时HSP70、HO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达上调(P＜0.05);与IPo组比较,Q+IPo组T3时血清Cr和BUN浓度和AJ升高,caspase-3mRNA表达上调,T1～5时HSP70、HO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达下调(P＜0.05).IPo组肾组织病理学损伤较I/R组减轻,Q+IPo组肾组织病理学损伤程度与I/R组相似.结论 HSP70和H0-1表达参与了肾缺血后处理减轻肾缺血再灌注损伤的过程.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the role of the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the reduction of renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by ischemic postconditioning in tats.Methods One hundred and forty healthy male SD rats weighing 250-280 g were randomized into 4 groups ( n = 35 each) : sham operation group (S group) ; I/R group; ischemic postconditioning group (IPo group); quercetin (an inhibitor of HSP) + ischemic postconditioning group (Q + IPo group). Renal I/R was produced by clamping bilateral renal pedicels for 45 min followed by reperfusion. In group S, bilateral kidneys were only exposed through a midline incision but their- pedicels were not clamped. In IPo and Q + IPo groups, 45 min ischemia was followed by three 10 s episodes of ischemia at 10 s intervals for reperfusion and in addition intraperitoneal quercetin 100 mg/kg was injected at 1 h before ischemia in group Q + IPo. Blood samples from hearts were obtained at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h of reperfusion (T0-6) and the rats were then sacrificed and kidneys removed to detect the expression of HSP70 and HO-1 mRNA and protein in renal tissues. The blood samples obtained at T3 were used to determine serum creatinine (Cr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA . The apoptosis in the renal tissues was detected using TUNEL and apoptotic index ( AI) was calculated. Microscopic examination was performed with light microscope. Results Compared with group S, the serum Cr and BUN concentrations and AI were significantly increased at T3,the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was up-regulated at T3, and the expression of HSP70 and HO-1 mRNA and protein was up-regulated at T0-6 in the other groups (P ＜ 0.05) . Compared with group I/R, the serum Cr and BUN concentrations and AI were significantly decreased at T3, the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was down-regulated at T3, and the expression of HSP70 and HO-1 mRNA and protein was up-regulated at T1-5 in group IPo ( P ＜ 0.05) . Compared with group IPo, the serum Cr and BUN concentrations and AI were significantly increased at T3, the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was up-regulated at T3, and the expression of HSP70 and HO-1 mRNA and protein was down-regulated at T1-5, in group Q + IPo ( P ＜ 0.05) . The microscopic examination showed that the renal I/R injury was significantly attenuated by ischemic postconditioning and the degree of injury in group IPo was similar to that in group I/R. Conclusion The expression of HSP70 and HO-1 is involved in the reduction of renal I/R injury by ischemic postconditioning in rats.     

受体诱导一氧化碳经PI3 K/Akt信号途径抑制冷缺血再灌注诱导的移植心细胞凋亡

目的 观察受体诱导一氧化碳(CO)对移植心冷缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤中细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其机制.方法 以BALB/C小鼠建立同系移植心冷I/R损伤模型.受体麻醉前3 h以二氯甲烷(MC)500 mg/kg灌胃诱导CO(MC组,n=12),或橄榄油灌胃(IR组,n=12);在MC组的基础上受体在移植心恢复血供前1 h腹腔注射PI3K抑制剂LY294002(40 mg/kg,LY组,n=10)或二甲亚砜(DMSO组,n=10);检测移植后3、24 h移植心细胞凋亡指数(AI)、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)蛋白、bcl-2与bax蛋白表达比值;设正常对照组(N组,n=5).结果 受体以MC灌胃后血液中碳氧血红蛋白(COHb)浓度与心肌组织CO含量均在3 h达到峰值,分别为(9.82±0.84)%和(2.25±0.08)pmol/mg;与IR组比较,MC组明显降低移植心AI[3 h:(8.65±2.01)%比(19.28±4.94)%,P＜0.01;24 h:(5.82±2.36)%比(10.54±3.66)%,P＜0.05]、激活Akt蛋白(3 h:P＜0.01;24 h:P＜0.05)、上调bcl-2/bax比值(3 h:1.97±0.16比0.46±0.07,P＜0.01;24 h:1.89±0.10比0.51±0.04,P＜0.01);与MC组比较,LY组明显增加AI[3 h:(17.95±4.92)%,P＜0.01;24 h:(9.75±3.14)%;P＜0.01]、抑制Akt蛋白激活(P＜0.01)、下调bcl-2/bax比值(3 h:0.47±0.06,P＜0.01;24 h:0.52±0.03,P＜0.01);DMSO组与MC组的各个指标差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 受体诱导C0能明显抑制冷I/R诱导的移植心细胞凋亡,其机制可能与通过PI3K/Akt信号途径上调bcl-2/bax比值有关.     

BK通道对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤神经细胞内钙离子浓度及凋亡的影响

目的 观察BK通道对脑缺血再灌注损伤神经细胞内钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)和对神经元凋亡的影响。方法 将108只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SS组,n=36)、脑缺血再灌注组(IR组,n=36)、脑缺血再灌注且脑室内Iberiotoxin(IBTX)处理组(IBTX组,n=36),分别比较各组在不同再灌注时间后神经功能缺损评分、脑梗死面积,利用激光共聚焦显微镜技术测定各组[Ca2+]i浓度,免疫组织化学和TUNEL法分别检测BK通道表达和神经元细胞凋亡。结果 IBTX处理组在再灌注24h后神经功能缺损评分为(2.17±0.44)明显高于IR组(1.83±0.42,P＜0.05);脑梗死体积(27.97±5.84)％明显大于SS组(22.83±4.74)％(P＜0.05);激光共聚焦显微镜结果显示:IBTX处理组24h点[Ca2+]i为(914.50 ±86.57) nmol/L较SS组(732.09 ±51.30) nmol/L明显升高(P＜0.01),TUNEL细胞凋亡检测显示IBTX处理组24h神经细胞凋亡率为(15.20±6.11)％,与IR组(10.49±1.91)％比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),免疫组织化学结果显示缺血再灌注损伤后BK通道的表达增加,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 在缺血状态下,BK通道对神经细胞具有保护作用,其机制很可能是通过降低神经细胞内钙离子浓度和减少细胞的凋亡。     

JAK-STAT通路在小鼠单侧输尿管梗阻模型肾间质纤维化中的作用

目的 探讨Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶-信号转导子和转录激活子(JAK-STAT)通路在小鼠单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)模型.肾间质纤维化过程中的作用.方法 选用30只雄性Balb/c小鼠建立小鼠UUO模型(n=24)和假手术小鼠(n=6),术后第1、4、7和14天检测JAK-STAT磷酸化情况.另把18只雄性Balb/c小鼠随机分为假手术组、UUO模型组和治疗组,每组各6只.治疗组在建模前2 h开始给予选择性JAK2抑制剂AG490治疗,每天1次;模型组仅注射溶媒.术后第14天处死动物.组织学评估肾小管损伤和.肾间质纤维化程度;免疫组化检测肾脏巨噬细胞浸润和α-SMA表达;RT-PCR检测Ⅲ型胶原和单核细胞趋化蛋白(MCP)1 mRNA表达;Western印迹检测JAK2和STATl磷酸化.结果 JAK2-STAT1在UUO模型中被激活,其磷酸化水平与病情、肾小管组织学损害以及.肾间质纤维化相一致.AG490能显著抑制JAK2和STAT1的磷酸化(P＜0.01).AG490治疗显著减轻肾小管损害[(21.7±1.7)%比(49.4±1.0)%]和肾间质纤维化(1.0±0.1比2.3±0.2)、α-SMA表达(0.9±0.1比2.1±0.2)和巨噬细胞积聚[(13.3±1.6)细胞/HPF比(34.4±1.0)细胞/HPF](均P＜0.01).AG490治疗显著抑制Ⅲ型胶原和MCP-1 mRNA表达.结论 JAK-STAT信号通路在肾小管间质炎性反应和纤维化中发挥重要作用.     

RNA干扰Kupffer细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤

目的 观察RNA干扰肝脏Kupffer细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法 构建针对大鼠TNF-α基因的短发夹状RNA(shRNA)真核表达载体.肝脏缺血再灌注损伤前48 h经门静脉注射磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)、空载体或TNF-α shRNA.实验随机分为4组,假手术组、PBS组、空载体组和shRNA组.阻断大鼠70%入肝血流40 min,再灌注6 h检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肝脏Kupffer细胞TNF-α mRNA、血清TNF-α、肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)以及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)含量.结果 与PBS组和空载体组比较,shRNA组再灌注6 h后血清ALT和AST水平显著降低(P＜0.05),Kupffer细胞TNF-α mRNA水平、血清TNF-α水平(56.6±6.7 pg/ml比87.8±8.7 pg/ml和96.5±7.3 pg/ml,P＜0.05)、肝组织中MDA含量(93.4±13.3 nmol/mg比133.5±12.4 nmo1/mg和136.7±13.6 nmol/mg,P＜0.05)显著降低,SOD活性显著升高(22.4±4.6 U/mg比12.2±3.1 U/mg和11.4±2.9 U/mg,P＜0.05).结论 RNA干扰Kupffer细胞TNF-α基因的表达可以减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤.     

骨髓间充质干细胞干预对缺血再灌注致小鼠肾小管上皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)干预对缺血再灌注(I/R)诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(RTECs)自身修复的影响.方法 Percoll密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法分离纯化出C57BL/6小鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞(mMSCs),5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)标记.雄性C57BL/6小鼠45只,分为正常对照组(15只)、I/R组(15只、夹闭双侧肾蒂30 min开放)、I/R+Brdu-mMSCs组(15只、夹闭双侧肾蒂30 min开放的同时尾静脉注射BrdU标记的mMSCs).留取动脉血及肾组织,检测血尿素氮(BUN)及肌酐(Scr)水平,制作肾组织切片行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,荧光组织化学观察mMSCs在受体小鼠肾组织的分布,免疫组织化学观察RTECs增强细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达,TUNEL法检测RTECs凋亡,Western blot检测建模后第2天肾小管组织中Caspase-3、bcl-2蛋白的表达.结果 BrdU标记mMSCs的阳性率可达(98.71±0.32)%.I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠的BUN及Scr水平较I/R组为低,肾小管损伤病理明显减轻,且小鼠的肾脏中可检测到BrdU+细胞的分布.mMSCs干预后,RTECs细胞核PCNA阳性表达明显增多(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而细胞凋亡的水平却较I/R组明显减少(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).Western blot进一步显示:I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠的肾组织中Caspase-3蛋白水平明显下降[(1.16±0.33)比(1.64±0.27),P＜0.01],而bcl-2水平却明显增高[(0.94±0.27)比(0.68 ±0.15),P＜0.01].结论 小鼠发生I/R诱导的急性肾损伤后可诱导移植的MSCs向损伤肾组织归巢,锚定在肾脏的MSCs可促进损伤RTECs的再生,抑制其凋亡,从而有助于RTECs的自身修复,延缓肾损害进展.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on self-repair of renal tubular epithelial cells ( RTECs) in mice under ischemia/reperfusion ( IR). Methods MSCs in C57BL/6 mice were successfully isolated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and adherence cultivation, then marked with BrdU. Forty-five healthy male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to control group (n =15 ) , I/R group (n = 15 , clamping bilateral renal pedicles and then reopening after 30 min) , I/R + BrdU-MSCs group (n = 15 , clamping bilateral renal pedicles and then reopening after 30 min, meanwhile, BrdU-marked MSCs were injected through caudal vein into the body of model mice). One, 2,3,7 and 14 days later, the mice were killed (n = 3/each group) , and blood and kidneys were obtained. Serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined, and mice kidneys were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin ( HE) to observe their pathological changes. The distribution of MSCs in mice was observed by using fluorescence histochemistry. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA) in RTECs was assessed by using immunohistological staining. The apoptosis of RTECs was detected by using TUNEL. The protein levels of Caspase-3 and bcl-2 in renal tubules on the day 2 after establishing the model were detected by using Western blotting. Results The positive BrdU marking ratio was (98. 71 ±0. 32) % in MSCs.As compared with I/R group, the levels of BUN and Scr in I/R + BrdU-MSCs group were significantly reduced, and pathological changes in renal tubules were alleviated significantly. BrdU-marked MSCs desposited in the kidneys of I/R + BrdU-MSCs group. The positive PCNA expression of RTECs was increased significantly after intervention of BrdU-MSCs (P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0. 01) , while the apoptosis relieved significantly. Western blotting analysis revealed: as compared with I/R group, the level of Caspase-3 in I/R + BrdU-MSCs group was decreased notably [(1.16±0.33) vs (1.64±0.27), P＜0.01], while the level of bcl-2 increased significantly [(0.94±0.27) vs (0.68±0.15), P＜0.01). Conclusion Acute renal injury by I/R can induce MSCs homing to injured kidney and anchoring here. The anchored MSCs can contribute to RTECs' self-repair of mice under ischemia/reperfusion, inhibit their apoptosis, which is helpful to the RTECs' self-repair and can delay the progression of renal injury.     

WWOX在胆管癌组织中的表达及其对胆管癌细胞生物学行为的影响

目的 研究抑癌基因WWOX表达对胆管癌RBE细胞生长的影响.方法 采用免疫组化方法检测2005年7月至2010年5月54例胆管癌组织、12例正常胆管组织中WWOX蛋白表达水平.将携有WWOX基因的真核表达载体转染胆管癌细胞系RBE细胞(RBE/WWOX组),筛选稳定转染的细胞并扩增培养,以转染空载质粒(RBE/con组)及未经转染(自然生长组)的RBE细胞作为对照.荧光定量RT-PCR和Western Blot法检测WWOX在RBE细胞中的表达情况;噻唑蓝实验检测转染前后各组细胞增殖活性;FCM法检测各组细胞的凋亡;JC-1染色法检测细胞线粒体膜电位;Transwell小室侵袭实验检测各组肿瘤细胞侵袭力;荧光定量RT-PCR和Western Blot法检测胆管癌细胞bcl-2、bax、FasL、caspase-3表达的变化.结果 WWOX在胆管癌中的表达低于正常胆管组织(P＜0.05),蛋白表达的缺失频率为40.7%.建立稳定表达WWOX基因的RBE/WWOX细胞株,mRNA及蛋白表达明显增加.转染后的RBE细胞噻唑蓝吸光度明显下降(P＜0.05).与自然生长组和RBE/con组比较,FCM显示RBE/WWOX组细胞的凋亡率明显增高(P＜0.01),JC-1显示转染后的线粒体膜电位下降(P＜0.01),侵袭实验显示转移至下室滤膜的细胞数明显减少(P＜0.01).荧光定量RT-PCR结果显示bcl-2 mRNA表达是自然生长组的0.12倍,bax、caspase-3 mRNA分别是自然生长组的4.72和2.57倍,FasL mRNA的表达无明显变化;Western Blot法检测发现bcl-2蛋白的表达降低,bax、caspase-3蛋白表达升高,FasL无明显变化.结论 抑癌基因WWOX通过诱导胆管癌细胞凋亡发挥抗肿瘤增殖的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effects of anti-oncogene WWOX on cell growth of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods The expression of WWOX protein was detected with immunohistochemical method-SP in 54 patients with cholangiocarcinoma from July 2005 to May 2010 and 12 samples of normal bile duct tissues. The recombinant WWOX eukaryotic expression plasmid was introduced into RBE cells by liposome-mediated transfection and positive cell clones were selected and amplified. The mRNA and protein expressions in RBE cells stably transfected with WWOX were investigated by quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot before and after transfection. Cell proliferation was tested by MTT, cell apoptosis was assessed by FCM, the alteration of mitochondria membrane potential (△Ψm) was detected by JC-1 staining method,cell invasion was determined by Transwell chamber assay. The expression change of bcl-2, bax, FasL,caspase-3 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot. Results The expression of WWOX protein was significantly lower in cholangiocarcinoma than that in normal bile duct tissues and loss of WWOX protein expression was found in 40. 7% of cholangiocarcinoma specimens ( P ＜0.05). RBE cells with stable transfection of WWOX were established. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of WWOX mRNA was significantly enhanced and Western Blot demonstrated that WWOX protein expression was markedly increased. MTT showed that WWOX gene transfection significantly decreased the proliferation of RBE cells ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). FCM analysis showed that the apoptosis rate after transfection was significantly promoted [( 1.1 ± 0. 6 ) % vs. ( 1.7 ± 0. 5 ) % vs. ( 35.2 ± 4. 4 ) %, P ＜ 0. 01], JC-1 staining method indicated that the experimental group was loss of △Ψm [( 12. 6 ± 1.9 ) % vs. ( 13.6 ± 1.8 ) % vs.(48. 7 ± 2. 9 ) %, P ＜ 0. 01], transwell chamber assay showed that the number of transfected cells that passed the transwell membrane was significantly less than those of control groups ( 77 ± 6 vs. 72 ± 8 vs. 48 ±6, P ＜0. 01 ). Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and protein was markedly decreased and the expression of bax, caspase-3 were significantly increased. There was no significant change in the expression of FasI. Conclusion WWOX exerts its antitumor effect against proliferation through inducing cell apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma.     

NGAL对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤时肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的探讨中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin,NGAL）对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤肾小管上皮细胞凋亡及凋亡蛋白fas,bcl-2表达的影响。方法建立大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤模型,用HE染色观察肾组织病理变化情况;TUNEL法检测肾小管上皮细胞凋亡;免疫组织化学方法检测fas,bcl-2蛋白表达,并利用图像分析系统测量阳性表达率进行定量分析。结果①缺血再灌注模型组肾小管上皮细胞凋亡数为（20．8±3．7）个／高倍视野,NGAL组为（8．6±3．4）个／高倍视野,2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②NGAL组较缺血再灌注模型组fas阳性表达率下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;bcl-2阳性表达率增强,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论NGAL对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤的肾小管上皮细胞有保护作用,其作用可能与减少细胞凋亡、改变凋亡蛋白的表达有关系。