血清抵抗素、超敏C反应蛋白在肥胖、2型糖尿病患者中的变化

目的观察肥胖、2型糖尿病患者的血清抵抗素及超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法对照组（NC）28例、糖尿病非肥胖组（DM1）30例、糖尿病肥胖组（DM2）30例。酶联免疫测定法检测空腹血清抵抗素,免疫比浊法测定血清hs-CRP。计算胰岛素分泌功能指数（HOMA2-%B）、胰岛素敏感性指数（HOMA2-%S）以及胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA2-IR）。结果DM1组和DM2组的hs-CRP、抵抗素均高于NC组（P〈0.05）,且DM2组高于DM1组（P〈0.01）。抵抗素与体质量指数（BMI）、hs-CRP、HOMA2-%B、HOMA2-IR存在相关性（r分别为-0.252,0.563,0.225,0.667,P值均〈0.05）。hs-CRP与腰围、BMI、HOMA2-IR存在相关性（r分别为0.773,0.594,0.662,P值均〈0.05）,与抵抗素存在相关性（r为0.563,P〈0.05）。校正年龄、血糖之后,hs-CRP仍与腰围、BMI、HOMA2-IR、抵抗素独立相关。结论抵抗素水平在肥胖、2型糖尿病中升高,并与BMI、HOMA2-%B、HOMA2-%IR、hs-CRP均呈显著相关,可能为联系肥胖与胰岛素抵抗的重要因素。抵抗素、炎性因子可能在肥胖、2型糖尿病的发病中起重要作用。     

高敏C-反应蛋白与2型糖尿病肾病

目的： 前瞻性探讨2型糖尿病（DM）患者高敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）与糖尿病肾病（DN）及其发生风险的关系。 方法：应用ELISA法测定55例正常对照组、66例不伴DN和68例伴DN的2型糖尿病患者的hs-CRP水平,比较3组间的差异;对58例入组时无DN的2型糖尿病患者进行降糖、降压等措施综合干预,追踪观察5年,观察干预前后尿白蛋白排泄率（UAE）、hs-CRP及肾功能的动态变化。 结果：入组时,2型糖尿病组的血清hs-CRP水平高于正常对照组（P＜0.05);在年龄,BMI,糖尿病病程,平均动脉压,空腹血糖,糖化血红蛋白及血肌酐都匹配的条件下,入组时DN组的hs-CRP水平高于无DN的DM 组和正常对照组（P<0.05）;28例在随访终点发生DN的DM患者与30例在随访终点未发生DN患者比较,前者入组时和随访结束时的血清hs-CRP水平高于后者（P＜0.05);经降糖、降压等综合治疗5年后,终点时未发生DN的DM1组血清hs-CRP水平低于入组时（P＜0.05),而发生了DN的DM2组终点的血清hs-CRP水平虽较入组时略低,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论：高敏C-反应蛋白水平在DM组和DN组逐渐增高,表明其可能是2型DM和DN发生的危险因素;终点发生DN的DM患者有高水平的hs-CRP基线值,在一定程度上能够预测2型糖尿病患者发生DN的风险。     

2型糖尿病肾病患者血清抵抗素与C-反应蛋白的临床相关性研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM）肾病患者（diabetic nephropathy,DN）血清抵抗素与C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）的相关性及临床意义。方法分别检测30例T2DM合并DN患者、30例T2DM无DN患者、30例正常对照者的血清抵抗素、CRP、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹血胰岛素（FIns）水平与胰岛素抵抗指数（Homa-IR）。结果 T2DM患者组的血清抵抗素、CRP、FPG、FIns、Homa-IR值均较正常对照组为高（p〈0.05）,虽然T2DM合并DN组的血清抵抗素、FPG、FIns、Homa-IR值较T2DM无DN组均值有升高趋势,但差异不显著（p〉0.05）。另外,T2DM合并DN组的血清CRp值较T2DM无DN组增高（p〈0.05）。相关分析显示,T2DM合并DN组的血清抵抗素、CRP水平两者间及其与FPG、FIns、Homa-IR间均呈中度正相关（p〈0.05）。结论抵抗素、CRP与T2DM合并DN患者的胰岛素抵抗中度相关,对两者的动态监测可从一定程度上反映出患者病情的变化。     

2型糖尿病肾病患者尿微量白蛋白和血清高敏C反应蛋白检测的临床意义

目的观察2型糖尿病肾病（DN）患者24 h尿微量白蛋白（mALB）与血清高超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）的变化及其临床意义。方法将120例2型糖尿病（DM）患者分为：单纯糖尿病组（DM组）40例、早期糖尿病肾病组（EDN组）40例、临床糖尿病肾病组（DN组）和40例健康体检者（正常对照组）40例。结果尿mALB在DN早期即可升高,且随病情发展而进一步升高（P〈0.01）;随着DM尿mALB增加,HbA1c水平逐渐增加（P〈0.05）;DM组血清Hs-CRP水平明显高于对照组,DN组又DM组,EDN组进一步升高（P〈0.01）;DN患者Hs-CRP水平升高与24h尿mALB排泄量呈正相关（r=0.59,P〈0.05）。结论尿mALB和血清Hs-CRP作为两个独立的指标从不同方面反映2型DM患者肾功能的早期损害情况,是诊断2型DM早期肾损伤有价值的实验室指标,值得推广应用。     

高敏C反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6在2型糖尿病肾病中的作用

目的:探讨糖尿病肾病不同时期血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的变化及它们在糖尿病肾病(DN)发生发展过程中的作用。方法:分别用胶乳增强免疫比浊法和ELISA法测定98例2型糖尿病患者血清hs-CRP和IL-6水平,并根据24小时尿白蛋白排泄率将其分为正常白蛋白尿组(DM1)、微量白蛋白尿组(DM2)和大量白蛋白尿组(DM3),且与40例正常人对照(NC)。尿24小时微量白蛋白(UAER)用放免法测定。结果:98例2型DM患者的hs-CRP和IL-6浓度比40例正常对照显著增加[(13.05±7.84)mg/Lvs(1.05±0.38)mg/L,P<0.05],[(17.65±7.93)ng/Lvs(6.02±2.45)ng/L,P<0.05]。且2型DM的DM1组、DM2组和DM3组患者血清hs-CRP水平相比,依次显著增高(P<0.05和0.01),IL-6浓度也依次增高,分别为(P<0.05和0.01)。hs-CRP与IL-6呈高度正相关(r=0.753,P<0.01),也与UAER呈高度正相关(r=0.782,P<0.01)。结论:hs-CRP和IL-6浓度在2型DM患者中显著增加,且在并发DN的2型DM患者增加更显著,血清hs-CRP和IL-6浓度增高可能是糖尿病肾病的重要危险因素。     

同型半胱氨酸等在2型糖尿病肾损伤诊断中的应用

目的探讨血清hs-CRP、Hcy和Mau在2型糖尿病患者中的变化。方法58例健康者作为正常对照组,144例2型糖尿病患者分为65例不伴糖尿病肾病(DM组)和79例伴糖尿病肾病(DN组)。应用免疫散射比浊法测定各组血清hs-CRP水平及24hMau,采用化学发光法测定血清Hcy,比较3组间差异。结果Mau(mg/24h)正常对照组12.73±5.89;DM组41.65±16.31;DN组226.92±45.22。血清hs-CRP(mg/L)正常对照组2.90±1.86;DM组5.79±3.27;DN组11.01±5.06。血清Hcy(μmol/L)正常对照组7.41±1.32;DM组8.43±1.36;DN组12.31±1.95。2型糖尿病患者hs-CRP、Hcy、Mau水平明显高于正常对照组,而糖尿病肾病患者值又明显高于无肾损伤患者。结论DN患者血清Hcy和CRP水平随着Mau的增加而升高,提示两者可能与DN的进展有关,随着肾脏损害的加重而逐步升高,可能是糖尿病肾病的一个新的危险因素。可以作为预测糖尿病肾损伤及肾损害程度的指标。     

血清淀粉样蛋白A与胱抑素C诊断早期2型糖尿病肾病的价值

目的探讨血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）与胱抑素C（CysC）对2型糖尿病（T2DM）肾病（DN）的早期诊断价值。方法将103例T2DM患者分为单纯糖尿病（Ⅰ）组﹑早期糖尿病肾病（Ⅱ）组和临床糖尿病肾病（Ⅲ）组,另选30例健康体检者作为对照（Ⅳ）组。测量4组的尿微量清蛋白排泄、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、CysC及SAA情况。结果糖尿病组CysC、hs-CRP和SAA含量明显高于对照组（〈0.05）,且随着肾病的加重而升高;DN患者CysC与SAA和hs-CRP呈正相关性（=0.79、0.84,均〈0.01）。SAA和hs-CRP也呈正相关性（=0.86,〈0.01）。结论 CysCh、s-CRP和SAA可作为DN早期敏感的诊断指标,联合检测更有利于DN的诊断、治疗、监测和预后。     

符合代谢综合征的糖尿病患者血清抵抗素与微量白蛋白尿相关性研究

目的检测符合代谢综合征（MS）的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血清抵抗素（resistin）水平,探讨抵抗素与微量白蛋白尿（MAU）的相关性。方法随机选取临床确诊的83例T2DM住院患者,依据是否符合MS分为MS组（45例）、T2DM组（38例）,正常对照组（NC）为33名健康体检者。测定身高、体重、腰围（WC）等指标,测空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素（FIns）、血脂、血清抵抗素等,留尿测MAU（24h定量）。结果 MS组血清抵抗素高于T2DM组与NC组,T2DM组血清抵抗素高于NC组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。MS组中抵抗素与稳态模型评估法-胰岛素抵抗指数（Homa-IR）、MAU呈正相关（P〈0.01）;T2DM组中抵抗素与上述指标呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论符合MS的T2DM患者血清抵抗素水平明显增高,且与MAU呈正相关。     

血清超敏C-反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α水平在2型糖尿病肾病患者中的变化及临床意义

目的探讨2型糖尿病肾病（DN）患者血清超敏c-反应蛋白（hs—CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平的变化及其临床意义。方法选择2型糖尿病患者100例,根据尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）分为无白蛋白尿纽（DM纽）28例,早期糖尿病肾病组（DN,组）39例,临床糖尿病肾病组（DN,组）33例,另选健康体检者30例做为对照组。应用免疫比浊法测定血清hs—CRP水平,用ELISA法检测血清IL-6和TNF-α水平并与正常对照组比较。结果2型DN患者纽血清中hs—CRP、IL-6及TNF-α水平高于正常人组及DM组,且随DN的加重而增高,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论hs—CRP、IL-6及TNF-α是2型DN的病理生理过程中重要的炎症介质,在2型DN的发生及发展过程中可能起重要作用,检测hs—CRP、IL-6及TNF-α有助于DN患者病情及预后的判断。     

患糖尿病的代谢综合征患者血清抵抗素水平的研究

目的 探讨糖尿病患者中代谢综合征(MS)患者血清抵抗素水平,并探讨抵抗素与MS组成成分及危险因素个数的关系.方法 随机选取73例住院确诊的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者依据是否符合MS而分为MS组(42例)和T2DM组(31例),正常对照组(NC)25例为健康查体者.酶联免疫检测法(ELISA)测研究对象空腹血清抵抗素水平.结果 MS组血清抵抗素水平显著高于T2DM组(P<0.05)及NC组(P<0.01),T2DM患者血清抵抗素水平与FBG、Homa-IR、Fins正相关(P<0.05).结论 伴糖尿病的MS患者血清抵抗素水平升高,且与胰岛素抵抗呈正相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.