宫腹腔镜联合行输卵管插管疏通术在不孕症中的应用

目的 宫腔镜、腹腔镜联合下行输卵管插管疏通术在治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症中的应用价值。方法选择68例经子宫输卵管造影（HSG）证实双侧输卵管阻塞的不孕症患者，采用宫、腹腔镜联合行输卵管插管疏通术。结果68例136条梗阻输卵管106条疏通成功，成功率77．9％。结论宫腔镜、腹腔镜联合行输卵管插管疏通术对于诊治输卵管阻塞性不孕症有重要临床价值。     

宫腔镜联合B超行输卵管插管疏通术效果分析

目的探讨宫腔镜联合B超行输卵管插管疏通输卵管近端阻塞的效果。方法2003年6月~2005年6月在我院经宫腔镜下输卵管插管联合B超检查证实输卵管近端阻塞患者84例,应用宫腔镜联合B超行输卵管插管疏通术。结果84例患者112条输卵管近端阻塞,52条输卵管远端阻塞(4例曾因宫外孕切除一根输卵管)。术后输卵管通畅79条,疏通率70.54%。29条有输卵管开口粘连的插管失败24条,失败率82.76%,失败率较无输卵管开口粘连者明显增高(P<0.01)。随访经双侧插管疏通成功52例,宫内妊娠21例,宫内妊娠率40.38%;插管侧输卵管妊娠3例,输卵管妊娠率5.77%(3/52),宫内妊娠率明显高于输卵管妊娠率(P<0.05)。结论宫腔镜联合B超行输卵管插管疏通术对输论卵管近端阻塞有较好的治疗效果,影响输卵管疏通和术后妊娠率的主要因素是输卵管开口有无粘连。     

宫腹腔镜下输卵管插管及斑马导丝疏通术治疗输卵管阻塞

目的 探讨宫、腹腔镜联合行输卵管插管及斑马导丝疏通术治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的临床意义.方法 收集腹腔镜染色通液证实输卵管阻塞的不孕患者83例,共103条输卵管阻塞,行宫腔镜联合腹腔镜下行输卵管插管及斑马导丝疏通术,观察输卵管通畅情况及有无并发症,追踪术后妊娠情况.结果 103条阻塞输卵管,88条疏通成功,以选择性输卵管插管加压通液术成功疏通57条(55.3%),失败46条(44.7%),46条中再以斑马导丝疏通成功31条(67.4%,31/46),总通畅率为85.4% (88:103).15条输卵管斑马导丝疏通失败.术后全部病例随访1～20个月,中位随访时间8个月,21例(25.3%)妊娠:宫内妊娠19例(22.9%),2例自然流产(2.4%),2例输卵管妊娠(2.4%).1条输卵管假道形成,发生率1.0%(1:103).结论 本文结果提示宫腹腔镜联合行输卵管插管及斑马导丝疏通术治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症安全有效,值得深入研究.     

宫腔镜输卵管插管疏通术在不孕症诊治中的应用

目的探讨宫腔镜下输卵管口插管疏通术在不孕症患者诊治中的应用价值。结论 1999年1月至2009年1月,对250例原发性不孕患者（原发组）和250例继发性不孕患者（继发组）行宫腔镜检查及镜下输卵管口插管疏通术,记录输卵管疏通情况。结果与术前比较,术后两组的输卵管通畅病例增加,原发组、继发组输卵管通畅率分别为32%（80/250）和60%（150/250）。结论宫腔镜下输卵管口插管疏通术对不孕症患者的诊治效果非常理想,方法简单、安全、不需住院、经济,值得临床推广应用。     

三种输卵管疏通术治疗输卵管梗阻性不孕疗效分析

目的：分析三种输卵管疏通术治疗输卵管梗阻性不孕的治疗效果.方法：2005年9月～2009年9月,我院分别采用不同输卵管疏通术治疗输卵管梗阻性不孕193例.其中宫腔镜引导下输卵管插管110例（A组）,输卵管介入30例（B组）,宫-腹腔镜联合疏通输卵管53例（C组）.比较3组治疗后妊娠结局;对其中术后1 a以上未孕的113例病人行子宫输卵管碘油造影及经宫腔镜输卵管插管通液,观察输卵管梗阻部位与疏通效果之间的关系,并分析输卵管疏通后不孕的原因.结果：193例病人治疗后宫内妊娠67例、异位妊娠13例、未孕113例,其宫内妊娠率、异位妊娠率、不孕率分别是34.7%、6.7%、58.6%;3组比较,C组术后宫内妊娠率最高,明显优于B组（P＜0.05）.疏通术后输卵管再梗阻发生率为48.7%（94/193）,经宫腔镜实施再疏通成功率为56.8%（71/125）,近端再疏通成功率显著优于远端（P＜0.05）.结论：重视对输卵管梗阻性不孕患者的术前诊断,选择正确的疏通方法,加强抗感染,可提高治疗的成功率.     

宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液术治疗输卵管性不孕症的疗效观察

目的：观察宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液术治疗输卵管性不孕症的临床疗效。方法125例输卵管性不孕症患者分为常规通液组(A组,n=60例)和宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液术组(B组,n=65例)。比较两组患者治疗前后输卵管通畅率、1年妊娠率及异位妊娠率。结果两组患者治疗后输卵管通畅率均明显升高(P<0.05),且B组升高较A组更为显著(P<0.05);B组1年妊娠率明显高于A组(P<0.05),而妊娠时间则明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液术治疗输卵管性不孕症疗效较佳,可明显提高输卵管通畅率和1年妊娠率,缩短妊娠时间。     

宫腔镜B超联合治疗输卵管梗阻576例分析

目的探讨宫腔镜B超联合下不同插管方式治疗输卵管梗阻的疗效。方法对2001年1月至2004年4月在我院就诊的576例子宫输卵管碘油造影提示为输卵管梗阻的不孕患者，分别采用单层输卵管插管及双层套管，行B超宫腔镜联合下治疗输卵管梗阻。记录输卵管疏通情况。结果与术前比较，术后两组输卵管通畅病例均增加。其中，双层套管治疗后输卵管再通率达89％，单层导管再通率达67％，两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05=。双层套管术后输卵管穿孔发生率较单层导管高，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论B超宫腔镜联合治疗输卵管梗阻疗效确切，使用双层套管较单层导管再通率高。     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜对输卵管性不孕症的治疗效果研究

目的探究宫腔镜联合腹腔镜对输卵管性不孕症的治疗效果研究。方法选取本院妇科2017年5月至2018年5月收治的80例输卵管性不孕症患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组患者采用宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液术进行治疗,观察组患者采用宫腔镜联合腹腔镜手术进行治疗。比较两组患者治疗后的临床疗效。结果观察组患者的输卵管复通率及宫内妊娠率分别为92.50%和52.20%,明显高于对照组的72.50%和27.50%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量和住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论宫腔镜联合腹腔镜手术可提高输卵管性不孕症患者的输卵管复通率及宫内妊娠率,恢复输卵管蠕动功能以及伞部拾卵功能,值得临床推广应用。     

宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液治疗因输卵管阻塞的不孕症的研究

目的是研究宫腔镜下插管通液治疗不孕症的效果。因输卵管阻塞是导致女性不孕的最常见原因，传统的治疗方法是经宫腔内注药通液或手术治疗。宫腔镜直视下输卵管插管注药通液术是目前较简单、安全，有效的治疗方法。现通过临床研究来进一步了解其有效率。方法是将我们临床遇到的因输卵管阻塞不孕患者分别采用宫腔镜下输卵管插管通液和宫腔内注药通液术来进行治疗，通过★组治疗的结果比较其有效率。结果共收集不孕症的病例300例，采用宫腔镜下插管通液148例，治疗后总有效率为81.08％，宫腔通液152例，治疗后总有效率为40.79％。结论两组治疗后总有效率比较P〈0.01，有非常显著的统计学意义，证明宫腔镜下插管通液大大提高了治疗的有效率。值得临床推广应用。     

电视宫腔镜下输卵管间质部阻塞介入治疗的临床体会

目的观察电视宫腔镜下输卵管插管诊治输卵管间质部梗阻疗效。方法选择HSG诊为输卵管间质部梗阻病例132人,共182条输卵管,经宫腔镜尼鳅导丝插入输卵管开口,疏通进入输卵管间质部5~8mm,疏通后再用硬膜外导管注入含美蓝指示液的药水。结果疏通输卵管治疗182条输卵管,治疗通畅者119条,治愈率65.38%,共81例,治愈率65.38%。81例中,妊娠24例,宫外孕1例,妊娠率29.63%。结论电视宫腔镜下输卵管间质部阻塞介入治疗简便、快捷、安全有效。     

Improved bronchodilation with levalbuterol compared with racemic albuterol in patients with asthma

Background: Racemic albuterol is an equal mixture of (R)-albuterol (levalbuterol), which is responsible for the bronchodilator effect, and (S)-albuterol, which provides no benefit and may be detrimental. Objective: We sought to compare 2 doses of a single enantiomer, levalbuterol (0.63 mg and 1.25 mg), and equivalent amounts of levalbuterol administered as racemic albuterol with placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Three hundred sixty-two patients 12 years of age or older were treated with study drug administered by means of nebulization 3 times daily for 28 days. The primary endpoint was peak change in FEV₁ after 4 weeks. Results: The change in peak FEV₁ response to the first dose in the combined levalbuterol group was significantly greater compared with the combined racemic albuterol group (0.92 and 0.82 L, respectively; P = .03), with similar but nonsignificant results after 4 weeks (0.84 and 0.74 L, respectively). Improvement in FEV₁ was similar for levalbuterol 0.63 mg and racemic albuterol 2.5 mg and greatest for levalbuterol 1.25 mg. Racemic albuterol 1.25 mg demonstrated the weakest bronchodilator effect, particularly after chronic dosing. The greatest increase in FEV₁ was seen after levalbuterol 1.25 mg, especially in subjects with severe asthma. All active treatments were well tolerated, and β-adrenergic side effects after administration of levalbuterol 0.63 mg were reduced relative to levalbuterol 1.25 mg or racemic albuterol 2.5 mg. At week 4, the predose FEV₁ value was greatest in patients who received levalbuterol or placebo when compared with those who received racemic albuterol. The difference was more evident and was statistically significant in patients who were not receiving inhaled corticosteroids. Conclusion: Levalbuterol appears to provide a better therapeutic index than the standard dose of racemic albuterol. These results support the concept that (S)-albuterol may have detrimental effects on pulmonary function. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;102:943-52.)     

Satellite RNA associated with bamboo mosaic potexvirus shares similarity with satellites associated with sobemoviruses

Summary A putative nonstructural protein encoded by a satellite RNA associated with bamboo mosaic potexvirus shares 46% identity with the capsid protein of satellite virus of panicum mosaic sobemovirus. The sequence similarity among satellite plant viruses which have no apparent relationship implies a common origin.     

拉米夫定与泛昔洛韦联合治疗乙型肝炎病毒慢性感染的临床研究

目的 观察拉米夫定与泛昔洛韦联合治疗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)慢性感染的临床疗效。方法 慢性乙型肝炎患者90例。设联合治疗组28例，单用拉米夫定组30例，单用泛昔洛韦组32例。联合治疗组给予口服拉米夫定0．1g／d(PO)，泛昔洛韦1．5g／d(PO)，24周。拉米夫定、泛昔洛韦单用组剂量及疗程分别同联合治疗组。结果 3组均无明显副反应，丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)复常率无差异。3组HBV DNA阴转率分别为89．3％、66．7％、40．6％，差异有显著性。乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBeAg)阴转率分别为28．6％、23．3％、21．9％，差异无显著性。结论 拉米夫定与泛昔洛韦联合用药安全、耐受性好，临床显示联合治疗对HBV DNA的抑制作用显著优于单用药。     

Infectious diseases and immunological markers associated with patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with rituximab

Background: The use of rituximab (RTX) is increasing, even in developing countries. It has become the first-line therapy or adjuvant to chemotherapy (CHOP; cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin and prednisone) for various diseases, including B cell lymphoma and autoimmune diseases.

Aim: We describe the infectious diseases and immunological markers associated with RTX treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Methods: Serum immunoglobulins were determined before and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) administration. Pneumo-23IgG-specific anti-pneumococcal antibodies were evaluated before and after vaccination. Immunophenotyping and lymphocyte proliferation were determined in the course of the treatment.

Results: Seven patients were followed and median age was 56.0?±?5.0?years (range, 41.9–71.6?years). At baseline, the mean level of IgG was 333.7?±?40.8?and IgM 40.9?±?11.3?mg/dL, respectively; immunoglobulin A and E (IgA and IgE) were under the limit of detection. Two patients had reduced or absent B cells and T cell subsets were at normal levels in five patients. All patients failed to mount an efficient post-vaccination immune response against hepatitis B virus, tetanus, diphtheria and against the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. During RTX/CHOP treatment, human-IgG-immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy was introduced in six patients after recurrent infections, including community-acquired pneumonia (85.7%), chronic sinusitis (85.7%) and gastroenteritis (42.9%).

Conclusion: Poor response against pneumococcal vaccines increases the susceptibility of respiratory diseases in these patients. In patients with NHL treated with RTX, the benefits achieved with IVIg replacement for the control of recurrent infectious diseases is of paramount importance. Clinicians dealing with monoclonal antibodies against cancer therapy, especially RTX, should be aware of the increasing risks for symptomatic induced hypogammaglobulinemia and respiratory infections.     

Gynecomastia with marked cellular atypia associated with chemotherapy

Gynecomastia is a common benign male breast disease, which may exhibit mild cellular atypia in cytology specimens. However, marked cytologic atypia can be seen in gynecomastia superimposed by chemotherapy. The case described in this report demonstrated severe cytologic atypia of gynecomastia mimicking carcinoma in a patient treated with chemotherapy for acute leukemia. A distinct cytologic feature helpful in avoiding the diagnostic error is described, namely, atypical cells admixed with bland ductal cells and appearing at a different plane. The importance of applying strict diagnostic criteria in breast cytology and clinical correlation is also emphasized.