股骨近端锁定钢板结合空心拉力螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨股骨近端锁定钢板结合空心拉力螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的效果。方法将156例股骨转子间骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组78例,观察组采用股骨近端锁定钢板结合空心拉力螺钉进行治疗,对照组动力髋螺钉治疗,比较分析2组患者的效果。结果观察组总有效率(92.31%)明显高于对照组总有效率(76.92%),2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组手术时间、术中出血量和住院时间均显著低于对照组,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组患者不良反应发生率(11.54%)明显低于对照组(24..36%),2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论股骨近端锁定钢板结合空心拉力螺钉治疗股骨转子间骨折安全有效,不良反应少,临床疗效肯定。     

近端空心螺钉锁定解剖钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨近端空心螺钉锁定解剖钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折的方法和疗效。方法 52例股骨转子间骨折采用切开复位近端空心螺钉锁定解剖板内固定,术后早期功能锻炼,观察骨折愈合情况,是否髋内翻及髋关节功能恢复情况。结果术后所有患者随访3~36个月。按照Charnley髋关节功能评分,优38例,良13例,可1例,无髋内翻。结论应用近端空心螺钉锁定解剖钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折,手术操作简单,创伤较小,固定可靠,适应证广泛,髋内翻发生少,能获得良好的临床疗效。     

股骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折临床分析

目的探讨股骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床效果。方法 71例老年股骨转子间骨折患者行相关检查,常规患肢皮肤牵引复位后采用股骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗。结果本组71例患者术后切口均愈合良好,无伤口感染,骨折全部愈合,愈合时间3～10个月,平均6个月。骨折愈合良好,无畸形愈合和肢体短缩,未见螺钉钢板松动、退出或断裂,无螺钉切割股骨头,行走无痛,下蹲达到或接近正常范围,功能恢复到骨折前状态。结论应用股骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折,手术创伤小,固定牢靠,骨折愈合率高。     

股骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折临床研究

目的探讨股骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法对40例老年股骨转子间骨折患者行股骨近端锁定钢板固定治疗,对临床疗效及髋关节功能进行评估。结果 40例患者,术后2周拆线。术后随访12个月,所有患者均得到骨性愈合。根据Harris评分标准,术后患者的髋关节功能,优32例(80.0%),良8例(20.0%)。本组无并发症发生。结论对老年转子间骨折患者,应用股骨近端解剖锁定钢板内固定治疗,明显提高临床疗效,有利于骨折愈合,值得临床广泛推广。     

股骨近端锁定接骨板治疗股骨转子间骨折疗效分析

目的探讨应用股骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的方法及临床效果。方法回顾性分析2006年8月至2009年1月应用股骨近端锁定接骨板固定治疗48例高龄股骨转子间骨折患者,其中男30例,女18例;年龄63—91岁,平均77岁。切开显露大转子及前侧关节囊,直视下牵引复位,保持正常颈干角,选择合适长度的股骨近端锁定接骨板置于大转子下,远端钳夹固定。通过钢板近端孔向股骨头颈方向钻入三枚导针,术中C形臂X线机透视下监视复位及导针位置。测深、钻入自攻锁定螺钉3枚,然后钻孔、测深、攻丝、拧入远端螺钉,远端螺钉全部使用普通螺钉。结果骨折处均顺利愈合,无切口感染、退钉、髋内翻畸形发生。黄公怡疗效评定标准：优良率91．7％。结论股骨近端锁定接骨板内固定通过3枚近端锁定松质骨拉力螺钉,将股骨头颈与股骨上端采用多点固定,可有效控制近端旋转,建立股骨上端支架结构,术中无需预弯钢板,直视下复位较容易,安放方便。尤其对于高龄老年骨质疏松患者,锁定螺钉固定有效降低了术后退钉、髋关节内翻、颈干角丢失等的发生率。     

股骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折临床分析

目的分析股骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的临床效果。方法将95例股骨转子间骨折患者随机分为观察组52例和对照组43例,分别给予股骨近端锁定钢板(LCP)、动力髋螺钉系统(DHS)治疗。结果观察组优良率、愈合时间、住院时间、下床时间、骨痂生成时间及并发症发生率均优于对照组,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论股骨近端LCP适用于老年股骨转子间骨折,安全性高。     

股骨近端锁定钢板治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨股骨近端锁定钢板治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法对27例不稳定型股骨转子间骨折患者采用股骨近端锁定钢板内固定。结果 27例均获随访,时间4~18个月。1例出现髋内翻畸形。26例均获骨性愈合,愈合时间4~7个月。末次随访时髋关节功能按Harris评分标准评定:优14例,良9例,可3例,差1例。结论股骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折具有创伤小、并发症少、内固定可靠、骨折愈合率高等优点,适用于不稳定型股骨转子间骨折,特别是伴有骨质疏松症患者。     

4种手术方法治疗股骨转子间骨折疗效分析

目的分析使用4种手术方法治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效，探讨最佳手术治疗方法.方法143例股骨转子间骨折患者中，采用中空加压螺钉治疗21例，角钢板25例，动力髋螺钉（DHS）62例，股骨近端无锁定解剖钢饭35例.结果DHS优良率90．3％，股骨近端无锁定解剖钢板优良率80％．角钢板优良率76％，中空加压螺钉优良率为66．7％.结论股骨转子间骨折能耐受手术者推荐首选动力髋螺钉DHS，慎用股骨近端无锁定解剖钢板，不适合应用中空加压螺钉和角钢板内固定.     

股骨近端锁定钢板和股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折比较

目的 探讨股骨近端锁定钢板和股骨近端髓内钉(PFN)治疗老年股骨转子间骨折中的临床疗效.方法 手术治疗80例老年股骨转子间骨折患者,其中股骨近端锁定钢板固定41例,PFN固定39例.比较两组手术时间、出血量、术前及术后Harris评分.结果 80例均获随访,时间1～2年.术后3～5个月骨折均愈合,髋关节无疼痛且功能恢复良好.两组手术时间、术中出血量、术前及术后Harris评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 根据骨折类型及解剖结构合理选择内固定,股骨近端锁定钢板和PFN治疗老年股骨转子间骨折Evans Ⅰ～Ⅲ型可以获得相同的临床效果,但股骨近端锁定钢板更适用于Evans Ⅳ型骨折.     

股骨近端解剖锁定钢板治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的临床体会

目的观察股骨近端解剖锁定钢板治疗高龄患者股骨转子间骨折的临床效果。方法对56例股骨转子间骨折高龄患者采用股骨近端解剖型锁定钢板治疗,并对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组56例患者中术后52例获得随访时间6~24个月,4例失访。52例患者骨折均获得骨性愈合,愈合时间3~5个月,均未出现术后感染及钢板、螺钉松动断裂等并发症。末次随访依据髋关节恢复效果评判标准:本组优良率为92.3%(48/52)。结论应用解剖型锁定钢板治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折手术创伤小、术后并发症少,可早期开展功能锻炼,促进术后髋关节功能的良好恢复。     

股骨头毁损三联征:股骨头骨折-脱位合并股骨颈骨折

股骨头合并同侧股骨颈骨折是一种严重而复杂的创伤,保髋手术大多会失败。其治疗的难点及预后的关键在股骨颈骨折上。鉴于股骨颈骨折的发生与股骨头骨折-脱位之间存在明显的、前后关联的贯序特点,笔者认为以股骨头毁损三联征（disastrous triad of femoral head,DTFH）来概括这种类型的损伤,更能反映其损伤机制和预后特点。结合临床观察和文献资料,DTFH可分为3个类型：Ⅰ型,普通型DTFH,股骨颈骨折的发生紧随于股骨头骨折-脱位之后,是同一暴力造成的损伤;Ⅱ型,医源型DTFH,是在股骨头骨折-脱位的诊疗过程中发生了医源性股骨颈骨折;Ⅲ型,应力型DTFH,发生于股骨头骨折-脱位的治疗之后,在股骨头骨折面的远侧缘发生应力性股骨颈骨折。本文对各型DTFH的临床特点进行了初步的讨论。     

Distal femoral allograft for massive proximal femoral deficiency

Background?Although indomethacin is effective in preventing heterotopic ossification (HO) after primary total hip arthroplasty, side effects are frequently observed. In the last decade a new class of drugs—the COX-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs—has been developed. To investigate the effect of these COX-2 selective NSAIDs on heterotopic ossification (HO) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), we conducted a randomized controlled trial using either indomethacin or rofecoxib for 7 days.

Methods?186 patients received either indomethacin 3 times daily, or rofecoxib twice, and 1 placebo, daily for 7 days. HO was graded according to the 1-year postoperative radiographs according to the Brooker classification.

Results?12 of the 186 patients included discontinued their medication before the end of the trial due to side effects. The remaining 174 patients were included in the analysis. In the indomethacin group (n = 89), 77 patients (87%) showed no HO, 9 showed HO of grade 1 and 3 showed HO of grade 2 according to the Brooker classification. In the rofecoxib group (n = 85) 73 patients (86%) showed no ossification, 9 showed grade 1, and 3 showed grade 2.

Interpretation?The prophylactic effect of rofecoxib for 7 days in preventing heteropic ossification after primary total hip arthroplasty is comparable to the effect of indomethacin given for 7 days. These results indicate that the development of HO follows a COX-2 pathway.     

Simultaneous proximal femoral rotational and distal femoral varus osteotomies for femoral retroversion and genu valgum

Whereas excess femoral anteversion and its related symptoms have been described many times, excess femoral retroversion is less well documented. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who had a history of chronic bilateral hip and knee pain and evidence of excess femoral retroversion, genu valgum, early-onset lateral and patellofemoral compartment osteoarthritis of both knees, and hip arthritis. She experienced symptomatic relief after undergoing staged bilateral simultaneous proximal femoral rotational and distal femoral lateral opening wedge osteotomies. Although this combination of alignment problems is not an infrequent clinical occurrence, we have found no literature on this condition or treatment. The patient provided written informed consent for print and electronic publication of this case report.     

Proximal femoral nail for treatment of trochanteric femoral fractures

PURPOSE: To report outcomes of 87 consecutive patients treated with a proximal femoral nail (PFN) for trochanteric femoral fractures. METHODS: 17 men and 70 women aged 58 to 95 (mean, 85) years with trochanteric femoral fractures underwent PFN fixation using an intramedullary nail, a lag screw, and a hip pin. Fractures were classified according to the AO system; the most common fracture type was A2 (n=45), followed by A1 (n=36) and A3 (n=6). The position of the lag screw within the femoral head was measured. The lateral slide of the lag screw after fracture consolidation was measured by comparing the immediate postoperative and final anteroposterior radiographs. RESULTS: 90% of lag screws were placed in an optimal position. The length of lateral slide of the lag screw in stable A1 fractures was significantly less than that in unstable A2 fractures; it was over 10 mm in 7 of 45 patients with A2 fractures. Cut-out of lag screw did not occur, suggesting that free sliding of the lag screw facilitates direct impaction between fragments. CONCLUSION: A PFN is useful for the treatment of trochanteric femoral fractures.     

股骨颈骨折后股骨头坏死

简要叙述股骨颈骨折后股骨头坏死的早期诊断和坏死预测等的最新进展。为使骨折后骨坏死尽量减少，早期手术和关节穿刺减压，避免髋关节放置在伸直及内旋位是必要的，建议屈曲位牵引。应用Gd-DTPA增强MRI T1脂肪浸润扫描，可预测股骨头坏死的可能性。建议将股骨头坏死分为静息型骨坏死和临床型骨坏死．