2型糖尿病患者合并非糖尿病性肾损害的临床病理分析

目的：了解2型糖尿病合并非糖尿病性肾损害的临床病理特点。方法：总结分析29例2型糖尿病合并非糖尿病肾损害的临床资料、病理改变及治疗反应。结果：2型糖尿病或糖尿病肾病可以合并多种非糖尿病肾损害,以各种类型的原发性及继发性肾小球疾病为主。原发性肾小球疾病常见病理类型有轻度系膜增生性肾小球肾炎、膜性肾病、IgA肾病和微小病变。这些患者具有以下不同于典型糖尿病肾病的特点：（1）糖尿病病程短于5年;（2）大量蛋白尿或肾功能不全时血压正常;（3）急性肾功能衰竭;（4）血尿明显。大部分肾病水平蛋白尿患者经糖皮质激素或糖皮质激素联合细胞毒类药物治疗后可完全缓解.结论：（1）2型糖尿病合并肾损害不等于糖尿病肾病;（2）2型糖尿病可以合并各种非糖尿病性肾损害;（3）当2型糖尿病伴肾脏受累者具有上述不符合糖尿病肾病特征时,应尽早行肾活检明确诊断;（4）在充分考虑患者 的临床特点、病理改变、严格控制血糖及血压的情况下,糖皮质激素或糖皮质激素联合细胞毒类药物治疗是安全有效的,可以改变患者的预后。     

Histological predictors for renal prognosis in diabetic nephropathy in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients with overt proteinuria

Aim: Although several clinical risk factors for end‐stage renal disease in diabetic nephropathy are known, the pathological findings that may help predict renal prognosis have not yet been defined. Methods: We enrolled 69 diabetes mellitus type 2 patients with overt proteinuria and biopsy‐confirmed diabetic nephropathy with mesangial expansion, and retrospectively examined the association of histological and clinical findings with renal outcome. The median follow‐up duration was 52 months. Histological scoring was made according to that of Tervaert et al. Patients were divided into four groups according to glomerular classification (class 2a, mild mesangial expansion, n = 11; class 2b, severe mesangial expansion without nodular sclerosis, n = 15; class 3, nodular sclerosis, n = 36; class 4, global glomerulosclerosis observed in more than 50% of glomeruli, n = 7). Interstitial and vascular lesions were scored for each patient. A renal event was defined as a condition requiring the initiation of chronic dialysis or doubling of the serum creatinine level. Results: Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that the glomerular classes were not significant variables, while interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy and interstitial inflammation were independent variables associated with renal end‐point (HR: 3.36 (95% confidence interval: 1.21–9.32), 4.74 (1.26–17.91)). There were no significant differences in the renal survival rates between the glomerular classes 2a and 2b combined group and the glomerular class 3 group (P = 0.17, log‐rank test). Conclusion: Interstitial lesions but not glomerular lesions were a significant predictor for renal prognosis in diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients with overt proteinuria.     

2型糖尿病肾病和糖尿病性视网膜病变的相关性研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病肾病和糖尿病性视网膜病变的发病机制及其两者之间的相关性。方法选择2004年1月至2014年12月北京中日友好医院肾内科经肾穿刺活检确诊的2型糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)患者95例,按照肾脏病理改变程度分为5组,即DNⅠ组10例,DNⅡa组12例,DNⅡb组16例,DNⅢ组54例,DNⅣ组3例;将不同组间视网膜病变进行比较,分析视网膜病变与肾脏损伤之间的关系,以及视网膜病变与常用临床指标[24 h尿蛋白定量、空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)、血肌酐(SCr)及肌酐清除率(creatinine clearance rate,Ccr)]之间的关系。结果 DN患者肾脏损伤病理分型与视网膜病变呈正相关(r=0.458,P=0.016),但仍有23.2%患者无视网膜病变,分别发生在80.00%的DNⅠ组、33.33%的DNⅡa组、12.50%的DNⅡb组、14.81%的DNⅢ组患者中。临床指标中仅24 h尿蛋白定量与糖尿病视网膜病变的发生和发展相关。结论尽管糖尿病性视网膜病变常被提示DN,但少部分DN不存在视网膜病变的情况也应被重视。     

糖尿病肾病病理分型和肾组织内血管紧张素2表达的相关性分析

目的探讨2010年国际肾脏病理学会发布的糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)病理分型标准的临床应用价值及DN病理分型与血管紧张素2(angioietin-2,Arg-2)在肾组织内表达的关系。方法选择57例糖尿病合并肾功异常患者B超引导下经皮肾穿刺活检,对所取肾标本进行分割和固定,分别制成光镜标本(经常规HE染色,PAS,Masson及PASM组织化学染色),免疫荧光标本(经IgA,IgG,IgM及C3抗体免疫荧光染色)和电镜标本;对2010年前的病例重新阅片和分型,对当时未经电镜检查的标本补充石蜡包埋组织电镜检查,观察肾活检组织病理各分型与临床分期之间的相关性,分型与间质肾小管损伤之间的关系,分析新标准的临床意义,同时对所有病例加做Ang-2免疫组化染色,探讨肾组织Ang-2表达与分型的相关性。结果 2010年前诊断DN 19例,同时调出送检时为糖尿病患者,当时临床症状符合糖尿病肾损伤而病理报告没有诊断为DN的肾活检标本6例,按照2010年新标准重新阅片,新增诊断DN 3例,合计诊断DN 22例。2011年后按照新标准诊断的32例,合计54例,病理分型中Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱa型5例,Ⅱb型5例,Ⅲ型37例,Ⅳ型5例,肾间质血管评分中,1~3分20例,4~5分25例,7分以上9例。对全部病例加做Ang-2免疫组化染色,在肾小球毛细血管丛和肾间质微血管内皮细胞可见Ang-2不同程度表达,发现分型与Ang-2的表达强度密切相关,Ang-2对早期DN的诊断具有很高的敏感性。结论 2010版病理分型标准可以提高DN诊断标准的敏感性,细化了病变程度和分型的对应关系,同时重视间质和肾小管损伤的程度、大血管和小血管改变,结合相应改变,丰富了诊断依据,提高DN诊断率,肾穿刺活检常规加做Ang-2染色,有利于DN的早期诊断和早期治疗,及时控制疾病进展,延长患者的生存期和提高生存质量。     

Association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk and renal outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsChronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus increase atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk. However, the association between renal outcome of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and ASCVD risk is unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 218 type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven DKD, and without known cardiovascular diseases. Baseline characteristics were obtained and the 10-year ASCVD risk score was calculated using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE). Renal outcome was defined as progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The association between ASCVD risk and renal function and outcome was analyzed with logistic regression and Cox analysis.ResultsAmong all patients, the median 10-year ASCVD risk score was 14.1%. The median of ASCVD risk score in CKD stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 10.9%, 12.3%, 16.5%, and 14.8%, respectively (p = 0.268). Compared with patients with lower ASCVD risk (＜14.1%), those with higher ASCVD risk had lower eGFR, higher systolic blood pressure, and more severe renal interstitial inflammation. High ASCVD risk (>14.1%) was an independent indicator of renal dysfunction in multivariable-adjusted logistic analysis (OR, 3.997; 95%CI, 1.385–11.530; p = 0.010), though failed to be an independent risk factor for ESRD in patients with DKD in univariate and multivariate Cox analysis.ConclusionsDKD patients even in CKD stage 1 had comparable ASCVD risk score to patients in CKD stage 2, 3, and 4. Higher ASCVD risk indicated severe renal insufficiency, while no prognostic value of ASVCD risk for renal outcome was observed, which implied macroangiopathy and microangiopathy in patients with DKD were related, but relatively independent.     

Spectrum of renal disease in diabetes

The spectrum of renal disease in patients with diabetes encompasses both diabetic kidney disease (including albuminuric and non‐albuminuric phenotypes) and non‐diabetic kidney disease. Diabetic kidney disease can manifest as varying degrees of renal insufficiency and albuminuria, with heterogeneity in histology reported on renal biopsy. For patients with diabetes and proteinuria, the finding of non‐diabetic kidney disease alone or superimposed on the changes of diabetic nephropathy is increasingly reported. It is important to identify non‐diabetic kidney disease as some forms are treatable, sometimes leading to remission. Clinical indications for a heightened suspicion of non‐diabetic kidney disease and hence consideration for renal biopsy in patients with diabetes and nephropathy include absence of diabetic retinopathy, short duration of diabetes, atypical chronology, presence of haematuria or other systemic disease, and the nephrotic syndrome.     

氯沙坦治疗糖尿病肾病的疗效观察

目的：观察氯沙坦对糖尿病肾病蛋白尿和肾功能的影响，方法：将46例糖尿病肾病病人分为A和B两组，A组26例，Scr正常，24h尿蛋白大于等于0．5g，分为A1和A2线各13例，B组20例，Scr在110－354umol/L，分为B1和B2各10例，A1和B1组给予氯沙坦50－100mg/d，A2和B2组给予洛汀新10－20mg/d，观察治疗3个月前后血压，24h尿蛋白，Scr t BUN变化。结果：氯沙坦和洛汀新均可有效降低血压，减少尿蛋白，降低Scr和BUN水平，且氯沙坦无干咳副作用，较洛汀新更少发生高钾血症以及Scr进一步升高，结论：氯沙坦可有效降低血压，减少蛋白尿，降低Scr和BUN水平，阻止或延缓糖尿病肾病的发展，且副作用小，耐受性好。     

血红蛋白在鉴别糖尿病肾病与非糖尿病肾脏疾病中的作用

目的探讨血红蛋白在鉴别糖尿病肾病(DN)与非糖尿病肾脏疾病(NDRD)中的临床意义。 方法对2004年1月至2012年4月在解放军总医院肾脏病科行肾活检、病理诊断明确且病史资料完整的66例DN、78例NDRD患者进行回顾性分析,比较两组临床指标及合并症的差异,采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法明确DN的独立危险因素;比较DN及NDRD组不同CKD分期的血红蛋白水平差异,明确其贫血性质及贫血相关的独立危险因素。 结果DN组糖尿病罹病时间、肾病罹病时间、平均动脉压、血清肌酐、尿素氮、24 h尿蛋白定量水平及合并糖尿病视网膜病变、心血管病、贫血的比例均高于NDRD组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析显示糖尿病罹病时间长(OR＝1.012,95%CI 1.005～1.019)、合并糖尿病视网膜病变(OR＝ 4.265,95%CI 1.616～11.255)、血红蛋白水平低(OR＝ 0.952,95%CI 0.929～0.976)及合并心血管病(OR＝2.875,95%CI 1.089～7.593)是DN的独立危险因素;CKD1～3期DN组及NDRD组的血红蛋白水平均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),该差异在CKD 4～5期消失;DN及NDRD组共有60例诊断为贫血,均为正细胞正色素性贫血;多因素Logistic回归分析显示白蛋白降低(OR＝0.928,95%CI 0.879～0.980)、血清肌酐升高(OR＝1.011,95%CI 1.004～1.019)、病理诊断为DN(OR＝6.213,95%CI 2.690～14.347)是贫血的独立危险因素。 结论血红蛋白与DN显著独立相关,早期对血红蛋白水平的监测可能为临床鉴别DN与NDRD提供新线索。     

C1q nephropathy in an old woman with acute renal failure: a case report and literature review

Reports on the clinical entity of C1q nephropathy have focused on older children and young adult, data on old people are rare. In this report, we would introduce a 77-year-old woman who was diagnosed as C1q nephropathy by means of electron microscopic and immunofluorescence examination. Facial and lower extremity edema was the main reason for her to go for medical treatment, and she developed into acute renal failure within 5?d. Complete remission was observed after hemodialysis and steroid drugs treatments.     

西藏地区糖尿病肾病临床特点分析

目的 分析西藏地区2型糖尿病肾病(DN)的临床特点。 方法 回顾分析2001年5月至2006年10月间在我科住院的306例2型糖尿病（DM）患者的临床资料。 结果 306例DM患者包括151例DN和155例非DN患者，根据尿白蛋白及Scr水平，DN组患者再分为微量白蛋白尿组、临床蛋白尿组和肾功能不全组。DN组尿微量白蛋白、Scr和血、尿β2微球蛋白(MG)均较非DN组显著增高（均P < 0.01）；且尿微量白蛋白与收缩压、血β2-MG呈正相关（r = 0.187， P < 0.05； r = 0.297， P < 0.01），而与GFR呈负相关（r = －0.287，P < 0.01）。DN组高血压发生率高（60.27％），血压显著高于非DN组（P < 0.01），且以收缩压更显著。DN组发生尿毒症者14例（9.27％），死亡8例（5.30％），其中5例死于尿毒症；并发糖尿病视网膜病变20例(13.25%)；发生心脑血管意外者6例(3.97%)。 结论 西藏地区2型糖尿病肾病早期即有明显的蛋白尿、血压及血、尿β2-MG增高，后期GFR急剧下降且并发症多而严重。     

Diabetic retinopathy may predict the renal outcomes of patients with diabetic nephropathy

Background: The patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are prone to develop diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between DR and the progression of DN in patients with T2DM.

Methods: In the cross-section study, 250 patients with T2DM and biopsy-proven DN were divided into two groups: 130 in the DN without DR group (DN group) and 120 in the DN?+?DR group. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for DR. Of the above 250 patients, 141 were recruited in the cohort study who received follow-up for at least 1 year and the influence of DR on renal outcome was assessed using Cox regression. Renal outcome was defined as the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Results: In the cross-section study, the severity of glomerular lesions (class IIb?+?III) and DM history?>10 years were significantly associated with the odds of DR when adjusting for baseline proteinuria, hematuria, e-GFR, and interstitial inflammation. In the cohort study, a multivariate COX analysis demonstrated that the DR remained an independent risk factor for progression to ESRD when adjusting for important clinical variables and pathological findings (p?Conclusions: These findings indicated that the severity of glomerular lesions was significantly associated with DR and DR was an independent risk factor for the renal outcomes in patients with DN, which suggested that DR may predict the renal prognosis of patients with T2DM and DN.     

2型糖尿病合并肾脏损害的病理与临床分析

目的 分析2型糖尿病患者出现肾脏病变时病理诊断与临床表现的关系.探讨肾活检在2型糖尿病伴有肾脏病变诊断的意义.方法 分析52例尿检异常和（或）Scr升高的2型糖尿病患者的临床特征和病理改变特点.结果 52例2型糖尿病患者经肾活检,32例确诊为糖尿病肾病（DN）,占61.5%,其中3例为糖尿病肾病合并非糖尿病性肾脏疾病（NDRD）;余20例为非糖尿病性肾脏疾病,占38.5%.肾活检前后诊断符合率46.15%,误诊率19.23%.两组间除BUN、Scr、糖尿病病程和是否伴有糖尿病性视网膜病变有显著差异外,其他临床表现和实验室检查的差异均无统计学意义.结论 2型糖尿病伴肾脏病变时相当部分是非糖尿病性肾脏病变,单纯依靠临床资料常难以鉴别,肾活检对明确糖尿病伴肾病变的性质具有重要的意义.     

基质金属蛋白酶在糖尿病肾病作用中的研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病及糖尿病肾病患者血清基质金属蛋白酶水平的变化及其相关影响因素.方法 选取2型糖尿病患者94例,其中2型糖尿病无蛋白尿组患者37例;微量蛋白尿组(尿白蛋白/肌酐为30 ～ 300 mg/g)27例;显著蛋白尿组患者(尿白蛋白/肌酐＞300mg/g)30例.健康体检者32名作为对照组.所有检测对象于清晨空腹抽肘静脉血,应用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清基质金属蛋白酶2及血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1.结果 (1)微量蛋白尿组患者血清基质金属蛋白酶2水平为(4.3±4.1)μg/L,显著蛋白尿组患者为(4.6±4.1)μg/L,与正常对照组[2.8±0.4)μg/L]比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);(2)微量蛋白尿组患者血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1水平为(69±19)μg/L,显著蛋白尿组患者为(69±18)μg/L,与正常对照组[(52±30)μg/L]比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);(3)相关分析结果表明,血清基质金属蛋白酶2与血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1水平无相关(r =0.077,P=0.468);(4)在2型糖尿病患者中血清基质金属蛋白酶2水平与尿素氮、肌酐水平相关(r分别为0.370及0.468,P分别为0.00、0.000),血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1水平与空腹血糖、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、尿酸呈正相关(r分别为0.196、0.342、-0.167、0.203,P分别为0.004、0.000、0.016、0.003).结论 2型糖尿病合并蛋白尿患者血清基质金属蛋白酶2及血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1水平升高,是2型糖尿病患者合并肾病的危险因素.     

止血相关参数对2型糖尿病和糖尿病肾病预测的临床意义

目的本研究旨在评估止血相关参数对2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)和糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)的预测价值。方法研究纳入96例T2DM患者分为两组,无并发症T2DM组(52例)和DN组(44例),同时纳入同期进行体检的50例性别、年龄匹配的健康人群作为对照组,测量各组基线实验室指标和止血相关参数,分析T2DM和DN的危险因素及其预测指标。结果无并发症的T2DM患者与对照组相比,活化部分促凝血酶原激酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT)、血小板(platelets,PLT)和D-二聚体(D-Dimer,D-D)水平显著不同(P<0.01)。与没有并发症的T2DM患者相比,DN患者的纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)、PLT和D-D增加(P<0.05)。APTT和PLT均为T2DM的独立危险因素(OR值分别为1.743、1.238,P<0.01),FIB和PLT是DN的独立危险因素(OR值分别为1.642、1.317,P<0.01)。APTT和PLT预测T2DM的ROC曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别为0.601和0.642,且灵敏度较低。FIB取临界值3.15 g/L时预测DN的AUC为0.876,灵敏度(84%)和特异度(77%)较高,PLT取临界值245×109/L预测的DN的AUC为0.571,灵敏度为61%,特异度为89%。当联合FIB和PLT时,其预测DN能力增加(AUC:0.887,95%CI:0.841~0.937,灵敏度:91%,特异度:74%)。结论止血相关参数对T2DM的预测价值较低,而FIB是DN的独立危险因素,对DN有较高的预测价值。     

Analysis of clinical manifestations and outcomes of idiopathic membranous nephropathy compared with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective To evaluate the predictive factors and renal outcomes of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods In this retrospective study, clinical data of 101 IMN patients with T2DM and 96 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) were consecutively collected. Logistic regression was used to assess potential clinical factors indicating IMN and COX regression was employed to analyze risks of IMN in developing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as compared with that of DN, in patients with T2DM. Results In a multivariate model, age≥55 years old, presence of nephrotic syndrome, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)＞60 ml?min-1?(1.73 m2)-1, duration of diabetes≤5 years and absence of diabetic retinopathy, were associated with IMN, as compared with DN, in patients with T2DM. In T2DM patients presented with nephrotic syndrome, age≥55 years old, eGFR＞60 ml?min-1?(1.73 m2)-1, duration of diabetes≤5 years and absence of diabetic retinopathy, were also associated with IMN, as compared with DN. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed eGFR 65.5 ml?min-1?(1.73 m2)-1 was an optimal cutoff in differentiating DN and IMN. DN was associated with 16.8 times as high risk of incident ESRD as compared with IMN in T2DM patients. Conclusions In patients with T2DM, age≥55 years, presence of nephrotic syndrome, early stage of CKD, duration of diabetes≤5 years and absence of retinopathy, may indicate IMN rather than DN. T2DM patients with IMN have much better renal prognosis as compared with DN.     

Transplantation in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Detailed results of 12 combined pancreas and kidney transplantations (Comb) were compared with those of two matched diabetic controls per patient-one living donor kidney recipient (LD) and one cadaveric donor kidney recipient (CD)-who, though eligible for pancreas transplantation also, preferred kidney transplantation only. Mean follow-up was 22,23, and 21 months in the three groups. There was no mortality in the LD group, but two CD and one Comb patient died from cardiovascular disease. Two kidneys were lost in both the Comb and the LD group, compared to five in the CD group. Ten major vascular events occurred and three of them were lethal. The only LD case was one below-knee amputation; the other nine were equally distributed in the Comb and CD groups. The time spent in the hospital was shorter for the LD group. Thus, in the short run, LDs confer the best results, whereas in the long term the better metabolic control in the Combs may prove favorable.     

小剂量日间非卧床腹膜透析对残肾功能较好的糖尿病终末期肾病患者的疗效

目的　研究小剂量日间非卧床腹膜透析（DAPD）和小剂量持续非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）对残肾功能较好的糖尿病终末期肾病（ESRD）患者的疗效。 方法 病情稳定、残肾功能较好（rGFR≥5 ml/min,且尿量≥750 ml/d）的40例糖尿病ESRD患者入选。按数字随机法分为小剂量DAPD组20例和小剂量CAPD组20例。DAPD组透析处方为1.5 L或2 L,3次/d,每次留腹3～4 h,夜间干腹。CAPD组透析处方为1.5～2 Ｌ,3次/d,或1.5 L,4次/d,夜间留腹。在研究开始及6个月后,分别计算两组腹膜尿素氮清除率（Kt/V）、残肾Kt/V、每周总Ｋt/V、Ccr、rGFR等指标;测定24 h尿蛋白量、24 h腹透液蛋白、血清白蛋白、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及胰岛素剂量;用改良主观综合性营养评估法（SGA）评估患者营养状况。 结果 共35例患者完成研究。两组患者年龄、性别、体质量指数、透析龄、透析液肌酐/血肌酐（D/Pcr）等基线值差异无统计学意义。6个月后,CAPD组胰岛素剂量和24 h腹透液丢失蛋白明显高于DAPD组,分别为（33.6±10.9） U/d 比（20.6±6.2） U/d（P < 0.05）和（11.13±4.95） g比（5.66±2.88） g（P < 0.01）,而血清白蛋白明显低于DAPD组[（29.7±4.2） 比（36.5±3.9） g/L,P < 0.05]。DAPD组与CAPD组相比,24 h净超滤量为（554±187） ml比（309±177） ml,24 h尿量为（1090±361） ml比（750±258） ml,rGFR为（8.21±2.40） ml/min比（4.88±2.11） ml/min,DAPD组均显著高于CAPD组（均P < 0.05）。 结论 对于残肾功能较好的糖尿病ESRD患者,小剂量DAPD较小剂量CAPD能更好地控制血糖,改善营养状态及保护残肾功能。     

The predictive value of diabetic retinopathy on subsequent diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the predictive value of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on further diabetic nephropathy (DN) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) based on the prospective cohort studies. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for eligible prospective cohort studies through March 2020. The predictive value of DR was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) through the bivariate generalized linear mixed model and the random-effects model. Ten prospective cohort studies recruited 635 patients with T2D. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of DR for predicted DN were noted to be 0.64 (95% CI, 0.54–0.73) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.60–0.88), respectively. The pooled PLR and NLR of DR for predicted DN were 2.72 (95% CI, 1.42–5.19) and 0.47 (95% CI, 0.33–0.67), respectively. The summary DOR for the relationship between DR and subsequent DN for T2D patients was 5.53 (95% CI, 2.00–15.30), and the AUC of DR for predicted DN was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.69–0.77). This study found significant associations between DR and subsequent DN risk for patients with T2D. Moreover, the predictive value of DR on subsequent DN risk was relatively lower.