细小眼球穿孔伤致眼内炎的临床分析

目的　探讨眼球细小穿孔伤致眼内炎的发生率及其原因。方法　对 15 3例眼球细小穿孔伤致眼内炎患者的临床资料 ,包括致伤物种类、伤口大小、眼内异物存留、相伴组织损伤、早期视功能情况、感染发生速度、微生物检查结果及治疗转归等进行分析。结果　细小眼球穿孔伤致眼内炎的发生率为 4 2 3%。随访 3个月至 7年 ,15 3例患者中视力 >0 3者 13例 ,占 8 5 % ;视力≤ 0 3者 14 0例 ,占 91 5 % ;其中眼球摘除者 37只眼 ,占 2 4 2 %。结论　眼球细小穿孔伤后一旦发生感染 ,4～ 12h内患者的视功能可受到严重损害。应早期预见眼内炎的危险并及时诊断和治疗。     

儿童眼外伤致视功能障碍的临床分析

目的分析与总结儿童眼外伤致视功能障碍的原因、治疗及预后。方法对1995年1月至2004年12月期间我院收治人院的儿童眼外伤致视功能障碍512例（568眼）的性别、年龄、受伤原因、致伤性质、并发症及视力改变等因素进行统计学分析。结果512例（568眼）儿童眼外伤中，男：女为3．9：1，多发于学龄前期年龄组，致伤性质以钝器伤、锐器伤及爆炸伤为多见，致盲率为13．03％，经治疗后脱盲率为59．34％，眼球（内容）摘除32眼，占5．63％。结论眼外伤可造成儿童严重视功能障碍，加强宣教和及时有效的处理眼外伤可减少儿童眼外伤的发生、发展。     

眼外伤201眼临床观察

目的分析眼外伤的常见原因，总结治疗经验。方法对眼外伤201眼进行回顾性总结，包括致伤原因、临床表现、治疗等。结果最常见的致伤原因为拳击伤87眼（43．28％），最常见的损伤为前房积血118眼（58．71％）。视力恢复≥1．0者89眼（44．28％）。结论根据受伤原因和伤情给予不同的及时对症处理，使患者最大限度的恢复视力。     

广东顺德乐从3720例农民工眼外伤分析

目的探讨农民工眼外伤的临床特点及防治方法。方法对广东佛山市乐从镇3720例（4160眼）农民工眼外伤患者的的致伤眼别、致伤地点、原因、眼部主要临床表现、并发症、视力、治疗方法及结果等因素进行统计分析。结果农民工眼外伤患者3720例（4160眼）,男性3103例（3420眼）,女性617例（740眼）．男：女=5．03：1。患者年龄为16～60岁,平均年龄为25岁,受伤高峰年龄在16～45岁。受伤眼别以单眼伤为主。患者受伤地点主要发生在工作场所,受伤后至就诊的间隔时间平均为108h。在门诊诊治的3295例（3718眼）患者中,主要致伤原因是敲击或异物溅入伤,主要致伤性质为角结膜异物[2478眼（占66．65％）]。收住入院425例（442眼）,总住院率为11．42％;其中,住院患者主要致伤性质为眼球穿通伤132眼（29．86％）,其次为球（眶）内异物和外伤性白内障。住院后视力提高者198例（210眼）,占47．51％。眼外伤所引起的并发症很多,以外伤性葡萄膜炎、白内障、屈光介质混浊最常见。结论农民工眼外伤大多数与工作有关,通过加强防护措施和提高防护意识是可以预防和避免的。     

角膜穿通伤的临床分析

本文分析７９例（８０眼）角膜穿通伤的发生率、致伤原因、受伤部位、伤口大小，并发症及治疗情况，并对伤口、眼内容物脱出及外伤性白内障的处理提出讨论。指出角膜穿通伤后及时控制眼内感染，积极预防并发症，争取恢复视功能的重要性。     

眼眶爆裂性骨折致伤原因及眼部损伤状况分析

目的:了解眼眶爆裂性骨折的常见致伤原因及发生眼部损伤的概率和特点。方法:对九龙医院2009-01/2011-03收治的63例67眼眼眶骨折住院患者进行了回顾性分析。结果:眼眶骨折患者63例致伤原因中,拳击伤28例29眼,车祸伤17例20眼,钝器击伤9例9眼,摔伤5例5眼,坠落伤2例2眼,其他2例2眼。患者合并眼部损伤共57例61眼,其中眼睑皮下淤血、肿胀45例49眼;眼睑裂伤16例18眼;结膜下淤血25例26眼;角膜异物、上皮缺损9例9眼;前房出血5例5眼;眶下神经麻痹或感觉迟钝4例4眼;玻璃体出血4例4眼;视神经损伤3例3眼;泪小管断离2例2眼;眼球破裂2例2眼;视网膜裂孔1例1眼;晶状体半脱位1例1眼。结论:拳击伤和车祸伤是眼眶爆裂性骨折的主要致伤原因,拳击伤多引起单纯性眼眶骨折,车祸伤和钝器击伤易导致复合性眼眶骨折,并多伴有眼部损伤。在眼眶爆裂性骨折合并的眼部损伤中,眼睑损伤发生率最高,角膜、结膜及房角损伤也较常见,比较严重的眼部损伤如视神经损伤、眼球破裂、视网膜裂孔相对少见。     

烟花爆竹致眼伤临床分析

目的探讨春节期间特有的烟花爆竹所致眼外伤的特点,及其危害性。方法对2009年1月26日（农历除夕）至2009年2月1日（正月初七）我科收治的24例（24眼）烟花爆竹伤的一般情况、眼别、爆炸物种类、受伤情况以及对视功能的损害程度进行分析。结果男21例,女3例。本人燃放烟花爆竹时受伤者8例,观看别人燃放时受伤者16例。本人燃放时受伤者致伤距离最短0．5m,最长3．0m,平均致伤距离0．9m;观看时受伤者致伤距离最短1．0m,最长8．0m,平均致伤距离3．1m。其中鞭炮致伤18例,烟花致伤6例。伤后患眼视力0．05以下者20眼,其中无光感7眼,光感6眼,手动3眼,数指4眼,对视功能损害严重。结论春节期间燃放烟花爆竹所致的眼外伤应引起社会高度重视,家长、学校、眼科工作者要配合,加强对儿童监护和安全教育,共同预防和减少眼爆炸伤的发生,一旦发生,应及时正确治疗。     

眼球穿孔伤178例临床分析

我院自1985－1995年间共收治眼球穿孔伤178例178眼，现将致伤原因分析如下。一般情况：本组178例中，男135例，女43例，男女之比为3．1：1。右眼85例、左眼93例，均为单眼。14岁以下月例，15－69岁106例，平均年龄27．3岁。学龄前儿童对例，学生58例，工人40例，农民49例。致伤原因：针、锥、笔、铁丝、剪刀等致伤76例，车祸伤9例，鸟啄伤8例，铁屑伤24例，树枝、木条等致伤42例，玻璃片、石块等致伤19例。损伤程度：合并虹膜脱出54例，前房积血72例，外伤性白内障80例，限内异物37例，玻璃体脱出27例，眼球破裂15例。就诊时间：伤后就诊最…     

纤维连接蛋白治疗眼碱烧伤20例报道

1989年以来我们收治早中期眼碱烧伤病人20例26只眼，主要使用纤维连接蛋白，简称FN，获得较好疗效，现报告如下：材料和方法（一）一般资料：20例中，男性15例20只眼，女性5例6只眼，年龄8岁至50岁，其中儿童3人，成人17人（工人10例，农民7例）；致伤原因石灰伤10例，氨水伤5例，电石伤3例，水泥伤1例，氢氧化钠碱溶液1例．（二）碱烧伤分度与眼数轻度碱烧伤：球结膜充血，角膜轻度水肿混浊，虹股清晰可见角膜缘缺血少于1／3周,11只眼．中度碱烧伤：球结膜充血水肿，角膜轻度水肿混浊前房看不清，虹膜隐约可见，用膜缘缺血坏死少于1／2周…     

垂体腺瘤对视功能损害的临床观察

目的：探讨垂体腺瘤对眼视功能损害的临床表现。方法：对126例（252只眼）垂体腺瘤患者进行视力、视野、荧光眼底血管造影（Fundusfluoresceinangiography，FFA）、图形视诱发电位（Patternvisualevokedpotential，PVEP）及眼底检查。结果：视力下降186只眼，占73．8％。眼底原发性视神经萎缩130只眼，占51．6％。视野缺损156只眼，占69．6％。PVEP异常160只眼，占88．9％。26．2％的患者以眼部异常为首诊症状．其中16．7％曾被诊断为眼科疾病。结论：垂体腺瘤可引起视功能的损害，充分认识垂体腺瘤在眼部的临床特点，有助于早期诊断及时治疗。     

眼外伤150例临床统计分析

目的探讨常熟市眼外伤发生特点、致伤原因、治疗、结果。方法对150例（157眼）眼外伤者性别、年龄、致伤原因、并发症及治疗前后视力等资料进行回顾性统计学分析。结果150例眼外伤中,男女比例为3．55：1。各年龄段均有眼外伤。开放性眼外伤80例（80眼）,眼球挫伤70例（77眼）。致伤原因以木块弹伤、金属丝刺伤、金属碎屑溅伤、混凝土块击伤常见。并发症中以前房积血、外伤性白内障、晶状体半脱位、玻璃体积血多见。治疗前盲目率为64．3％,治疗后为22．3％,明显下降。结论眼外伤多发生在户外建筑施工或工厂机械制造工作中,绝大多数是可以预防的,及时有效的诊治、加强生产生活安全教育和工作防护是预防眼外伤的重要环节。     

眼外伤所致继发性青光眼的临床分析

目的探讨眼外伤所致的继发性青光眼的病因与治疗方法。方法眼外伤所致继发性青光眼50例（50眼）,对其致伤原因、临床表现、治疗方法进行临床观察及分析。结果眼外伤所致继发性青光眼由眼挫伤、前房积血、晶状体源性、炎症性粘连等所引起。单纯药物（全身和滴眼）治疗35例（35眼）,联合手术治疗（前房冲洗、白内障摘除、小粱切除等）15例（15眼）。治疗后眼压恢复正常者47例（47眼）;眼压高于21mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）者3例（3眼）,但较治疗前眼压有所下降。结论眼外伤所致继发性青光眼病因复杂,多为钝挫伤及眼内积血引起,需针对病因积极对症处理,预防并发症的发生,保存视功能。     

玻璃体手术联合人工晶体植入治疗经选择的复杂眼外伤103例

目的：观察累及眼球前后节的复杂外伤患者施行玻璃体手术联合人工晶体植入的视力效果。方法：对１０３例（１０４只眼）复杂眼外伤经一次玻璃体手术联合人工晶体植入的病例进行回顾性研究。结果：本组眼内异物３５例,眼球穿通伤３７例,无眼内异物的爆炸伤９例（１０只眼）,眼球钝挫伤２２例。除３例儿童视力不能检查外,在１００例１０１只眼中,手术前视力为无光感～指数的８８只眼（８７．１％）;手术后９４只眼（９３．１％）     

烟花爆竹致儿童眼外伤的急救及护理

目的探讨烟花爆竹致儿童眼外伤的特点、急救及护理方法。方法整理我院眼科2013年春节期间收治的27例（31只眼）烟花爆竹致儿童眼外伤的的临床资料,分析致伤原因、特点、眼部损伤情况,针对不同的受伤情况采取相应的急救处理,针对患儿活动性较强的特点,进行围手术期的精心护理。结果本组患儿通过急救治疗和临床护理均康复出院,视力不同程度提高。结论在烟花爆竹致儿童眼外伤的急救治疗和护理治疗过程中,正确及时的急救处理和精心护理是患者康复的一个重要方面。     

球类运动性眼外伤的特点及防治

目的 探讨球类运动性眼外伤的特点及防治措施。方法 对近2年来我院就诊的66例(66眼)球类运动性眼外伤病例进行分析，并与102例(102眼)拳击伤病例进行比较。结果 球类运动性眼外伤组的前房积血和视网膜损伤等内眼损伤较拳击伤组多而重，伤后视力也较差，而眼睑皮肤裂伤、泪小管断裂等外眼损伤较少。结论 球类运动性眼外伤对内眼组织的损伤和视力的危害较大，必须积极预防，及时诊治。     

Electrical cataract: a case study

A case of bilateral cataract sustained after electrical trauma was seen in a referral practice. We examined a young patient with dense anterior and posterior subcapsular cataract in his right eye and pseudophakia in his left eye who gave a history of gradually progressive painless loss of vision after sustaining injury from a high voltage electric current. Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation was performed in his right eye. Visual rehabilitation in both eyes after ECCE with PCIOL implantation was good with the patient attaining uncorrected visual acuity of 20/30 in both eyes postoperatively. It appears that the surgical results and visual rehabilitation after ECCE with PCIOL implantation in patients with electrical cataract without any other ocular damage is excellent.     

Vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade in the treatment of severely traumatized eyes with the visual acuity of no light perception

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment of vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade in the treatment of severely traumatized eyes with the visual acuity of no light perception (NLP).METHODS: This was a retrospective uncontrolled interventional case-series of 19 patients of severely traumatized eyes with NLP who underwent vitrectomy surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University (Qingdao, China) during a 3-year period. We recorded perioperative factors with the potential to influence functional outcome including duration from the injury to intervention; causes for ocular trauma; open globe or closed globe injury; grade of vitreous hemorrhage; grade of endophthalmitis; grade of retinal detachment; size and location of intraocular foreign body (IOFB); extent and position of retinal defect; grade of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR); type of surgery; perioperative complications and tamponade agent. The follow-up time was from 3 to 18 months, and the mean time was 12 months.RESULTS: After a mean follow-up period of 12 months (3-18 months) 10.53% (2/19) of eyes had visual acuity of between 20/60 and 20/400, 52.63% (10/19) had visual acuity less than 20/400 but more than NLP, and 36.84% (7/19) remained NLP. Visual acuity was improved from NLP to light perception (LP) or better in 63.16% (12/19) of eyes and the rate of complete retinal reattachment was 73.68% (14/19). Good visual acuity all resulted from those patients of blunt trauma with intact eyewall (closed globe injury). The perioperative factors of poor visual acuity prognosis included delayed intervention; open globe injury; endophthalmitis; severe retinal detachment; large IOFB; macular defect; a wide range of retinal defects and severe PVR.CONCLUSION:The main reasons of NLP after ocular trauma are severe vitreous hemorrhage opacity; refractive media opacity; retinal detachment; retinal and uveal damages and defects, especially defects of the macula; PVR and endophthalmitis. NLP after ocular trauma in some cases does not mean permanent vision loss. Early intervention of vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade and achieving retinal reattachment of the remaining retina, may make the severely traumatized eyes regain the VA of LP or better.     

儿童外伤性眼内炎

目的 分析３１例儿童外伤性眼内炎的临床特点。方法 回顾性对儿童外伤性眼内炎的致伤物、年龄、就诊时间、临床表现及治疗结果进行讨论。结果 多见于学齿前儿童的自伤,目前致伤物为废弃的一次性注射针头的病例明显增多,占６５．６％。对于就诊迟,视功能损害重的病例,虽经积极的手术治疗便预后极差。结论 对于儿童外伤性眼内炎重在预防,早期诊治是挽救一定的视功能的关键。     

Traumatic globe rupture following penetrating keratoplasty

Purpose To evaluate the mechanism, clinical characteristics, management and visual outcome of ocular trauma following penetrating keratoplasty (PK).Methods Twenty-six patients (13 men, 13 women) who suffered surgical wound dehiscence after PK because of ocular blunt trauma between 1994 and 2001 were included in this retrospective study. Graft dehiscence was managed with primary wound closure in all patients. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and funduscopy were evaluated in the follow-up.Results The mean age at trauma was 50±24 years (range 9–88 years). Mean interval between transplantation and trauma was 45.5±64 months (range 1 month to 20 years). Globe rupture occurred at the graft–host junction in all patients. Nine of 13 phakic eyes (69.2%) presented lens expulsion. Eight of nine pseudophakic eyes (88.9%) had lost their implants. Retinal detachment occurred in seven eyes (27%) within 3 months following the trauma. Five patients (19.2%) underwent vitreous surgery for posterior segment damage. Two eyes (7.7%) were regrafted. At the last examination, only seven eyes (27%) had visual acuity of 20/200 or better.Conclusions Traumatic wound dehiscence may occur, and the prognosis is poor after the injury. Globe rupture at the graft–host junction showed persistence of wound weakness even a long time after PK. Prevention of ocular trauma should be performed following PK.None of the authors has any financial interest in this study