获得高效价甲型H1N1流感病毒抗体原料血浆初探

目的探讨从免疫供血浆者获得高效价甲型H1N1流感病毒抗体血浆,为制备人甲型H1N1流感免疫球蛋白和重症患者临床使用提供依据。方法用批签法核准的市场供应甲型H1N1流感疫苗对1947名供血浆者按规定免疫后第2、4、6周收集血浆并采用血凝抑制试验进行检测。结果经检测供血浆者抗体效价≥10以上达到99.2%,其中≥320—10240达到48.4%。结论供血浆者经一次甲型H1N1流感疫苗免疫后收集高效价甲流抗体血浆用于制备特异性免疫球蛋白或供重症患者临床使用是可行的。     

一种检测人破伤风免疫血浆特异性抗体的快速准确方法

目的筛选出快速准确、经济实用的定量检测破伤风免疫血浆中特异性抗体效价的检测方法。方法分别用MTNT法、Rubin双扩法、ELISA法检测10个样品的抗体效价,分析比较3种方法的优缺点,筛选出实用的方法。结果1~10号样品MTNT法抗体检测效价分别为16.45、8.00、6.45、3.05、8.05、20.90、8.10、12.00、5.05、3.15I U/ml;2、5、7号样品符合国家的最低效价要求,作为工作参比品;ELISA法结果比MTNT法结果平均高8.7%,具有可比性;ELISA试剂盒精密性平均为4.69%,质量较为稳定。结论ELISA法的结果与MTNT法呈正相关关系,优于Rubin双扩法,适用于筛选高效价的人破伤风免疫血浆。     

快速筛选健康供血浆者中高效价CMV抗体初探

目的　通过调查和分析健康供血浆者中巨细胞病毒 (CMV)抗体效价情况 ,为筛选高效价CMV抗体血浆制备特异性CMV免疫球蛋白提供依据。方法　随机抽取来自 5个浆站的健康人血浆样品 ,采用ELISA方法进行定性和定量筛查。结果　健康人血浆中CMV抗体阳性率高达 96 .8% ,个别浆站高达 1 0 0 % ,其中CMVIgG效价高于 1 0U/ml的比例达到 2 6 %以上。结论　从健康人血浆中收集高效价CMVIgG血浆用于制备特异性CMV免疫球蛋白是可行的     

获得高滴度抗-HBs 血浆条件的探讨

<正> 为获得大量高滴度抗-HBs 血浆,以供制备高效价乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG),我们自1984年起先后在四川什邡、绵竹、德阳、广汉等地的健康献血者中,筛选抗-HBs 阳性者,进行乙肝疫苗超免疫接种,并作血浆单采。现报告如下。     

人破伤风免疫球蛋白治疗重症破伤风的临床研究

目的 探讨人破伤风免疫球蛋白（tetanus immunoglobulin，TIG）在重症破伤风中的治疗作用。方法 把我院收治的39例重症破伤风患者分为两组，TIG组在常规治疗的基础上应用了人破伤风免疫球蛋白肌注并鞘内注射，同对照组进行临床疗效的回顾性分析。结果 TIG组较对照组患者痉挛缓解时间明显缩短，并发症减少，住院时间缩短，病死率明显降低（P〈0．01）。结论 人破伤风免疫球蛋白免疫时效长，无过敏性，易到达靶细胞中和游离毒素，能有效解除肌肉痉挛和减低破伤风的病死率。     

人乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白原料血浆抗-HBs水平的检测

人乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白是用于阻断乙型肝炎传播的重要血液制品,与乙型肝炎疫苗联合使用能阻断乙型肝炎的母婴垂直传播,这已得到国内外预防医学界的共识[1].为了顺应血液制品市场的发展,积极开发新产品,笔者开展了献浆者乙型肝炎疫苗强化免疫及高效价抗-HBs 血浆收集与检测工作,报告如下. 1 材料与方法     

ELISA定量检测人狂犬病疫苗免疫血浆抗体的工作参比品制备

目的　建立快速、准确、实用的定量检测血浆中抗狂犬病病毒抗体的检测方法。方法　采用ELISA法 ,以常规的小鼠脑内中和试验 ,国家标准狂犬病病毒免疫血清为标准 ,标定室内工作参比 ,进行定量检测。结果　用MNT方法标定的狂犬病疫苗免疫人血浆室内工作参比品K0 10 1为 6 32IU/ml,K0 10 2 为 3 0 1IU/ml;ELISA试剂检测的灵敏度下限为 0 0 16IU/ml,OD值为 0 16 2 ,有效检测范围 0 0 15～ 0 177IU/ml,OD值为 0 15 3～ 1 786 ;重复性测定 ,CV为 6 9%。结论　标定了的ELISA室内工作参比品 ,用于ELISA定量检测法 ,试剂的精密性及灵敏度满意 ,从而有效地建立了人狂犬病疫苗免疫血浆中抗体的ELISA定量检测方法所需工作参比品。     

特异性高效价腺病毒中和抗体血浆抗体滴度消长性研究

目的:明确经筛选出的特异性高效价腺病毒中和抗体血浆的保存效果,观察特异性高效价腺病毒中和抗体血浆冰冻保存前后抗体滴度的变化,进一步指导优化特异性腺病毒高效价中和抗体血浆的临床使用.方法:在健康献血者中运用分泌型碱性磷酸酶报告腺病毒微量中和检测法筛选出的特异性高效价腺病毒中和抗体血浆,经过常规-20℃保存1年后,再次运用...     

单采血浆站血源队伍稳定与发展的分析

单采血浆站是具有国家核发《单采血浆许可证》、专门从事单采血浆活动、提供原料血浆的单位。供血浆者到单采血浆站按规定经健康询问、体检、检验合格后方可供血浆,供血浆后得到一定数量的误工补贴。目前,供血浆者以农村人口为主,他们为输血和健康事业贡献爱心,应受到社会的认可和关爱。但近年来,因各种原因,特别是极少数单采血浆站违规操作被曝光,给整个行业造成了负面影响,加之对单采血浆行业的正面宣传甚少,造成了供血浆者队伍不稳定、原料血浆供不应求的状况。如何稳定和发展单采血浆站血源队伍,笔者综合分析如下。1影响供血浆者队伍稳…     

机采血浆控制献浆者间交叉感染

为贯彻实施国务院<血液制品管理条例>中全血与单采血浆采集完全分开的要求,我站于1997年7月建立了采浆站并全面实现了机采血浆,现将1998年～2001年5月,机采献浆者抗-HCV、HBsAg、抗-HIV、梅毒检测结果进行分析总结如下.     

一种获得高纯度睾丸支持细胞的分离方法

背景:研究证实睾丸支持细胞具有免疫抑制功能,可以被用于在睾丸以外的部位为移植细胞提供免疫豁免环境.最近的研究还表明支持细胞分泌的多种活性物质对其他细胞有促进作用.但至今其分离纯化方法还不完整,且细胞纯度不太理想.目的:探讨一种获取高纯度睾丸支持细胞的方法.方法:迅速分离出生后20 d雄性SD大鼠睾丸生精小管,采用酶消化法将细胞悬液接种于多聚赖氨酸包被的培养板内培养7 d后,采用Tris-HCL低渗缓冲液处理生精细胞和成纤维细胞,采用FasL免疫组织化学、Hoechst33342复染鉴定睾丸支持细胞的纯度.结果与结论:支持细胞贴壁性比较强,培养24 h后,大多数细胞开始贴壁,细胞形状呈圆形或椭圆形,培养液中漂浮着较多生精细胞.培养48 h后,胞质逐渐增多,折光性减弱.三四天后支持细胞胞质铺展,细胞间隙变小.4～6 d后胞质完全铺开,细胞相互连接,铺展成膜状单层.此时,质核比为(7～9):1,细胞为多边形,其形态和胞质面积不再改变;睾丸支持细胞的纯度为(95.64±2.76)%.结果证明该方法是一种相对简便易行且经济、稳定、有效的睾丸支持细胞分离方法.     

An attempt to obtain a specific antiserum forin vitro immunological conditioning of bone marrow in acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia

Summary An antiserum was produced in rabbits to acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) antigens. Partial absorption of the antiserum allowed the removal of the cytotoxic activity against normal mononuclear cells of peripheral blood and bone marrow, in contrast to blast cells from acute and chronic leukemias, which were killed by the antiserum in a standard NIH cytotoxicity test. These observations suggest that antigens present on blast cells of AUL are also expressed on some acute and chronic leukemic cells and that these antigens could be interpreted as B or leukemia-associated antigens because of the disappearance of all cytotoxic activity of the immune serum after extensive absorption with B cells from chronic lymphoid leukemia. Supported by grant no. 8001963.96 from theConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Roma, Italy andStiftung Volkswagenwerk, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.     

献浆人群中富含高滴度巨细胞病毒中和抗体者的分布研究

目的 了解普通献浆人群中人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)高滴度中和抗体献浆者的分布情况.方法 2014年4月,采用微量细胞病变法,检测血浆920人(份),了解中和抗-HCMV分布情况,对混浆进一步检测,确定筛选血浆的阈值;2019年10月～2020年5月,以筛选阈值为高滴度,筛查山东省域内11个单采血浆站的普通献浆人群4007...     

An immunological method for the purification of radiolabelled thyroxine

A method for the removal of iodothyronine and iodide impurities from radiolabelled thyroxine is described. The principle of the method is to bind iodothyronine contaminants to specific antisera, and then to separate the antiserum-bound contaminants and iodide from the thyroxine by column chromatography. As reported here, the method is optimised for the removal of more than 98% of contaminating 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 99.8% of contaminating iodide from between 10 ng and 100 ng of thyroxine, where the molar ratio of thyroxine: 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine before purification is greater than or equal to 10:1. Recovery of purified thyroxine is more than 80%. The performance of the method is superior to that of preparative dialysis.     

A method for atraumatic erythrocyte plasma removal to obtain membranes capable of performing the hemostatic function of thrombocytes]

A method for physiological hemoglobin elimination from erythrocytes is proposed. Its characteristic feature is increase of erythrocyte membrane permeability and complete release of hemoglobin from erythrocytes by adding an equal volume of 2% papaverin hydrochloride to washed erythrocyte suspension, followed by washing of empty erythrocyte membranes in isotonic sodium chloride solution. Clean intact erythrocytic membranes are obtained, possessing the hemostatic functions typical of blood platelets.     

An efficient method to obtain anti-inflammatory phenolic derivatives from Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott. by a high speed counter-current chromatography coupled with a recycling mode

Herein, we provide an effective separation strategy based on liquid–liquid extraction and two different modes of high speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) for the rapid enrichment and separation of compounds from n-butanol-partitioned samples of S. officinalis. Liquid–liquid extraction of the crude sample was performed using a two-phase solvent system composed of ethyl acetate–n-butanol–water with volume ratios of 9 : 0 : 9, 5 : 4 : 9 and 3 : 6 : 9 (v/v), which allowed components with lower polarity and higher polarity to be enriched separately with the first ratio and the other two ratios, respectively. For separation, the conventional and recycling mode HSCCC were combined to develop a strategy for the acquisition of eight phenolic derivatives from the enriched samples, including one new compound, 7-O-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1–4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1–4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl]-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (5), three caffeoylquinic acid isomers, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (6), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (7), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (8), salidroside (1), drynachromoside B (2), 3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid (3), and 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl chromone (4). Recycling HSCCC separation was successfully applied to separate the three isomers after six cycles. Furthermore, all the isolates were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in vitro, with 6 and 7 showing significant inhibitory effects with IC₅₀ values of 13.8 μM and 17.6 μM, respectively.

Anti-inflammatory phenolic derivatives from S. officinalis by high speed counter-current chromatography.