老年女性压力性尿失禁手术治疗疗效分析

目的评价手术治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的疗效。方法2003年7月至2004年5月在女性尿失禁特需门诊确诊为压力性尿失禁的老年患者70例，根据患者的情况分别采用经阴道尿道中段悬带成型术、经阴道无张力尿道中段悬吊术、经闭孔无张力尿道中段悬吊术、尿道中段童式前路悬吊术及尿道中段童式前路悬吊 阴道前壁膨出桥式补片修补术治疗。对术中情况进行分析及治疗后的效果进行定期随访。结果平均手术时间48min，平均出血量70ml，无术中并发症。70例中，60例患者术后去除导尿管后能自行排尿，术后48h出院；10例术后出现短暂尿潴留后再留置导尿48h后排尿正常。出院时，70例中有63例主观完全治愈。67例得到1～6个月的随访，61例主观感觉治愈，3例明显改善。随访最长6个月无复发及并发症。结论针对不同条件的压力性尿失禁老年患者选择相应的手术方法治疗安全、有效，但其远期疗效及并发症有待于进一步观察。     

无张力阴道吊带术治疗女性压力性尿失禁13例疗效观察

目的探讨无张力阴道吊带术（TVT）治疗女性压力性尿失禁（SUI）的临床效果和常见并发症。方法对13例女性SUI患者行TVT。观察手术效果。结果 10例患者术后即可自行排尿。2例术中出现尿道破裂,术后留置尿管1周,恢复良好。术后2例患者拔除尿管后出现急性尿潴留,经扩张尿道,保留导尿后恢复正常排尿。本组随访3～9个月,均无复发。结论 TVT治疗女性SUI效果确切,安全可靠,并发症发生率低。     

经闭孔或耻骨后无张力尿道中段悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁

17例女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)患者,7例行经闭孔无张力阴道悬吊术(TVT-O)治疗(TVT-O组),10例行经耻骨后无张力阴道悬吊术(TVT)治疗(TVT组).TVT-O组平均手术时间25 min、术中出血10 ml、术后住院时间3.6 d,TVT组平均手术时间为40 min、术中出血15 ml、术后住院时间4.6 d.随访6～12个月,无尿失禁复发,尿动力学指标明显改善.认为TVT-O、TVT是治疗女性SUI的有效方法之一.     

老年女性压力性尿失禁两种尿道吊带手术治疗对比

目的对比观察经阴道无张力尿道吊带术(TVT)和经闭孔阴道无张力尿道吊带术(TVT-O)治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的临床疗效、安全性和对患者生活质量的影响。方法 92例老年压力性尿失禁女性患者按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组46例,对照组患者采用TVT,观察组采用TVT-O,对比观察两组治疗效果、手术时间和术中失血量、术后并发症以及手术前后生活质量的变化;生活质量采用盆底功能影响问卷简表7(PFIQ-7)、排尿困扰量表(UDI-6)和尿失禁影响程度相关问卷(IIQ-7)评价。结果观察组治愈率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组手术时间短于对照组,术中失血量少于对照组(P0.05);两组并发症发生率比较无统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后3个月PFIQ-7、UDI-6和IIQ-7评分均较术前显著降低(P0.05),两组间比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 TVT和TVT-O是老年女性压力性尿失禁两种安全有效的尿道吊带手术治疗方法,均能改善患者的生活质量,但TVT-O操作简单,创伤小。     

TVT-O治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的临床观察

目的探讨经闭孔无张力阴道吊带悬吊术(TVT-O)治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的有效性、安全性及其并发症的防治。方法对2009~2011年93例中重度老年女性压力性尿失禁患者采用TVT-O治疗,手术后采用Grouts-Blaivas评分法评价治疗效果,并定期随访观察远期疗效。结果所有手术过程均顺利完成,均未出现膀胱损伤或穿孔、吊带排斥和闭孔神经血管的损伤等严重并发症。患者术后随访6~23月,按Grouts-Blaivas评分法,尿失禁的最终治愈率为91%(85/93),改善良好7例,改善中等1例,无失败病例。结论 TVT-O手术治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁,操作简便,手术时间短,并发症少,疗效满意,能有效提高老年女性患者的生活质量。     

无张力阴道吊带术-闭孔系统治疗女性压力性尿失禁

目的探讨无张力阴道吊带术-闭孔系统(TVT-O)治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的疗效和手术安全性.方法对13例SUI患者行TVT-O手术治疗.采用无张力网状吊带,自阴道前壁切口经耻骨前向两侧股部皱襞穿刺,将吊带无张力置于尿道中段.结果手术时间(15±2) min,术中出血量(11±3) ml.术后平均留置导尿管1.2 d,平均住院1.5 d,患者尿失禁症状均消失.随访1～6个月无复发.结论 TVT-O手术治疗SUI简便、安全、有效.     

应用不可吸收网片盆底重建术治疗Ⅲ~Ⅳ度盆腔器官脱垂的疗效

目的探讨不可吸收网片应用于盆底重建术(TPMR)的可行性及有效性。方法网片组300例盆腔器官脱垂(POP)患者,在阴道前壁或后壁置入不可吸收的由聚丙烯材料制成的网片,根据国际尿控协会制定的盆腔器官脱垂定量(POP-Q)分度法,评价手术效果。疗效评定以术后无阴道壁脱垂为治愈,随访1⁷2个月。结果网片组300例手术顺利。手术平均时间为6072个月。结果网片组300例手术顺利。手术平均时间为60⁹0 min,术中出血平均为100 ml。患者术后恢复良好,住院时间平均7 d。术后随访390 min,术中出血平均为100 ml。患者术后恢复良好,住院时间平均7 d。术后随访3⁷2个月。PFIQ-7评分显示,患者膀胱或排尿症状、直肠或排便症状、阴道或盆腔症状3方面在术后372个月。PFIQ-7评分显示,患者膀胱或排尿症状、直肠或排便症状、阴道或盆腔症状3方面在术后3⁷2个月内均显著改善(P<0.05)。根据POP-Q评分标准,网片组术后6年内各指示点较术前明显复位,均无阴道壁膨出,30例网片暴露侵蚀阴道黏膜,3例术后排尿困难,3例膀胱损伤,1例直肠损伤。结论网片在子宫脱垂、阴道前后壁脱垂、膀胱膨出、直肠膨出、穹窿膨出修补手术中应用,操作简单,手术复发率低,网片暴露、侵蚀的并发症仍有待解决。     

内镜膀胱颈悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁

目的　探讨治疗女性压力性尿失禁的理想术式。方法　对 2 4例女性压力性尿失禁患者 (45～ 69岁 )行内镜膀胱颈悬吊术 ,术后观察排尿情况。耻骨上 3cm横行切口、阴道前壁T形切口、用Stamey针自腹部切口一侧进针 ,经膀胱颈侧方、阴道前壁穿出 ,将尼龙线引出 ;阴道内尼龙线穿过一段人造血管、再将另一端引出腹壁。另侧同样进行。两侧拉紧缝线使膀胱颈抬高。结果　术后随访 3～ 36个月 ,总有效率达 95 8% ,失败一例 ,无不良反应。结论　内镜膀胱颈悬吊术是治疗女性压力尿失禁的安全可靠术式     

应用无张力吊带治疗压力性尿失禁8例临床体会

2001年7月至2004年7月，我们采用无张力吊带（TVT）手术治疗女性压力性尿失禁8例，效果满意。现将手术方法及术中注意事项报告如下。临床资料：本组8例，年龄51～76岁，平均65岁；病程4～15a，平均6a。8例均符合国际排尿控制协会制定的尿失禁诊断标准（当突然增加腹压时，排尿失去控制，尿液不随意逸出）。术前均行膀胱镜检查，排除膀胱、尿道等器质性病变，并进行诱发试验、指压试验、棉签试验，测量尿道长度。     

改良阴道旁修补术在盆底重建中的作用

目的 探讨改良阴道旁修补术治疗阴道前壁及膀胱膨出的有效性和安全性.方法 我院自2007年1月至2009年8月采用改良阴道旁修补术治疗52例阴道前壁及膀胱膨出的患者,其中6例患者既往曾行阴道前壁修补术.术后1、3、6、12、24个月定期随访,对手术效果进行主观及客观评价.客观治愈标准定义为阴道残端位于坐骨棘水平.结果 52例患者盆腔器官脱垂定量系统(POP-Q)分期Ⅱ期30例,Ⅲ期17例,Ⅳ期5例.所有患者改良阴道旁修补术均获成功.手术时间为45～110 min,平均(65±18)min,出血量50～200 ml,平均(95±27)ml,无其他手术并发症.随访3～24个月,平均(10.1±3.1)个月,复发6例(11.5%);其中5例为POP-Q分期Ⅰ期,1例POP-Q分期Ⅲ期.结论 改良阴道旁修补术在盆底重建中短期治疗效果稳定,较应用补片手术方法简单,并发症少.     

Different sling procedures for stress urinary incontinence: A lesson from 453 patients

Several midurethral sling (MUS) procedures, such as tension-free vaginal tape (TVT), TVT obturator (TVT-O), tension-free vaginal tape SECUR (TVT-S), and pubovaginal sling (PVS), have been used for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI); however, which method is best for a particular patient group is not known. This study aimed to identify the best rationale for choosing the optimal MUS procedure for each patient. In total, 453 consecutive female patients with SUI who were treated with MUSs in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from September 2003 to September 2011 were enrolled in this study. All the patients underwent comprehensive pre-, intra-, and postoperative evaluations, including collection of demographic information, pelvic examination, and urodynamic testing, and operation-related complications were recorded. The Incontinence Quality of Life questionnaire was also completed. Under local or general anesthesia, 105 cases were treated with TVT, 243 with TVT-O, 90 with TVT-S, and 15 with PVS. Patients with different profiles in terms of age, symptom duration, concomitant procedures, urodynamic parameters, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) quantification score were treated successfully; the body mass index did not differ significantly among the various treatment options. The cure and improvement rates were similar among the treatment groups: 97.14% (102/105) in TVT, 100% (243/243) in TVT-O, 98.89% (89/90) in TVT-S, and 100% (15/15) in PVS. Only minor complications were experienced by the patients. In conclusion, each MUS procedure was observed to be safe and effective in different subpopulations of patients, and the results suggest that appropriate patient selection is crucial for the success of each MUS procedure.     

Tension-free vaginal tape for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in geriatric patients

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in geriatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-one women, aged 65-80 (mean 72.3) years, underwent a TVT procedure for genuine SUI from 2001 to 2004. A urodynamic test together with uroflowmetry were performed. The patients' SUI bother score was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS: The mean operative time was 25 (range 14-29) min and mean hospitalization time was 1.2 (range 1-2) days. Bladder perforation occurred in 3 cases (5.8%) and was managed conservatively. Pre- and postoperative maximum flow rate were not significantly different (p > 0.05). The patients' SUI bother score estimated by the VAS was statistically significantly improved (p < 0.0001). After a mean follow-up of 35.6 (range 14-60) months, 49 patients (96%) had no SUI, while 2 patients (3.9%) had persistent SUI. Also, during the follow-up 5 patients (9.8%) were diagnosed with de novo urgency due to detrusor overactivity and 1 patient (1.9%) had persistent dysuria that was resolved with urethrolysis. CONCLUSIONS: SUI in elderly women can be safely treated with the TVT procedure in the vast majority of the patients. However, bladder perforation during surgery and de novo urgency postoperatively should be taken into account.     

Value of Maximum Urethral Closure Pressure in Predicting the Outcome of Tension‐Free Vaginal Tape and Transobturator Tape Procedure

Objectives: The short‐term results for the tension‐free vaginal tape procedure (TVT) and the transobturator tape procedure (TOT) for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) were compared using the preoperative maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP). Methods: A total of 278 patients treated for SUI was considered: 165 who underwent TVT and 113 who underwent TOT retrospectively. The MUCP in a preoperative urodynamic study before and 3 months after surgery were evaluated. Results: At 3 months after TVT, 159 patients (96.4%) were cured and four patients failed. The mean MUCP of the patients who failed was 22.5 ± 5.3 cmH₂O, which was significantly lower than that among the cured patients (P < 0.007). At 3 months after TOT, 100 patients (88.5%) were cured and seven patients failed. The mean MUCP of the patients who failed was 27 ± 6.3 cmH₂O, which was significantly lower than that among the cured patients (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean MUCP among the patients who were cured after TOT was significantly higher than that among the patients who were cured after TVT (P < 0.01). A further analysis using a ROC curve indicated that the MUCP value in the successful patients after TVT was ≧ 24 cmH₂O and that in the failures after TOT was ≦ 30 cmH₂O with selection sensitivity at 80%. Conclusion: These results suggest that the failure cases after TVT or TOT are often found in SUI with a low MUCP and that TVT might be superior to TOT in SUI with a MUCP ≦ 30 cmH₂O.     

Experience with Tension‐free Vaginal Tape (TVT)‐SECUR for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence

Objectives: Tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT)‐SECUR is a technique specifically designed to place a short suburethral mesh sling for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The aim of the technique is to decrease surgical morbidity. We report our experience of applying this technique on 10 patients. Methods: From June 2007 to July 2007, 10 female patients with SUI underwent TVT‐SECUR placement operation. The sling was inserted in a suprapubic direction over the inner surface of pubic bone (U‐shaped technique). Nine of the patients underwent videourodynamic study (VUDS). The maximal bladder neck decent distance (MBND) by abdominal straining was determined. We identified intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) as a valsalva leak point pressure lower than 60 cm H₂O and hypermobility as MBND more than 2 cm. Results: Two patients had pure ISD, three had hypermobility, and four had both ISD and hypermobility. All patients remained continent for first month after surgery. SUI recurred in five of nine patients at an average of 2.5 months. The recurrence appeared in all three groups of patients. The recurrent SUI was so severe that three patients required repeat surgery using percutaneous prolene tape sling. After surgery, no further SUI was noted in the three patients. During surgery the TVT‐SECUR sling was found to have firmly adhered to perivesical tissue rather than to the pubic bone. Conclusion: Our experience shows that the current design of the TVT‐SECUR results in unpredictable outcomes. Some placed slings may migrate away from the inner surface of the pubic bone. To act as a reliable “hammock”, the sling must be securely fixed on immobile structures independent from the bladder/urethra.     

Simultaneous Treatment of Female Urethral Diverticulum and Stress Urinary Incontinence with Urethral Diverticulectomy and Suburethral Synthetic Mesh Sling

Objectives: Pubovaginal fascial sling along with urethral diverticulectomy has been advised as the most appropriate anti‐incontinence procedure for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with concomitant urethral diverticula (UD). We believe that suburethral synthetic mesh tape sling can also be safely used in some patients with concomitant SUI and UD. Herein, we present our experience for simultaneous treatment of UD and SUI with urethral diverticulectomy and suburethral synthetic mesh tape sling. Methods: From 2003 to 2008, there are three patients with UD and SUI in our institution. They received transvaginal urethral diverticulectomy and suburethral synthetic mesh tape sling simultaneously. Videourodynamics was done before and three months after the surgery. Results: Preoperative pelvis magnetic resonance imaging and videourodynamic study showed UD over distal urethra and SUI in all three patients. Urinalysis disclosed mild pyuria in two of the patients, and they both received intravenous antibiotics treatment to eradicate the infection prior to the surgery. They all underwent urethral diverticulectomy with suburethral synthetic mesh tape sling. The postoperative videourodynamic study showed no recurrence of UD and SUI. With a mean follow up of 33.3 months, there was no infection or exposure of synthetic mesh tape. Conclusions: In patients with UD and SUI, suburethral sling using synthetic mesh can be as effective and safe as facial sling in selected patients.     

Incidence and obstetric risk factors of postpartum anal incontinence

BACKGROUND: Anal incontinence in young women may be the result of injury to the pelvic floor during vaginal delivery. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between obstetric risk factors and the prevalence of anal incontinence 3 months and 1 year after delivery. METHODS: Three hundred consecutive women who delivered in the obstetric ward of the Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, were prospectively interviewed 3 months postpartum with regard to the symptom of anal incontinence. Patients with anal incontinence that started after delivery were questioned about the type, frequency, and severity of the problem, concomitant stress urinary incontinence (SUI), previous colorectal assessment, and wish for further evaluation and treatment. Obstetric data were collected from the women's medical charts. Symptomatic patients were followed-up 1 year postpartum. RESULTS: Anal incontinence was reported by 21 patients: 19 were incontinent to gas, whereas only 2 patients were incontinent to solid feces (6.3% and 0.7% of the study population, respectively). Five patients (24% of the anal-incontinent patients) also had concomitant SUI. The length of the first and second stages of labor, operative vaginal delivery, and episiotomy were found to be associated (P < 0.05) with the development of anal incontinence at 3 months postpartum. At I year postpartum all patients with combined anal incontinence and SUI had persistent symptoms. CONCLUSION: The major obstetric risk factors for postpartum anal incontinence are prolonged first and second stages of labor, operative vaginal delivery, and the use of episiotomy.     

TVT and TOT: a comparison between these two techniques based on our clinical experience

AIM OF THE STUDY: A retrospective evaluation and a comparison of results from two minimally invasive surgery techniques that we adopted for the treatment of SUI. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In this study we evaluated 113 selected patients who underwent SUI minimally invasive surgery from 1-1-2000 to 31-12-2007. 87 patients underwent epidural anesthesia. 26 local anesthesia. In Group A (TVT) 61 patients were enrolled, mean age 57.6 (±22). 43 patients (70%) were on menopause. In Group B (TOT out-in) 52 patients were enrolled (for 34 of them we used the Obtape? sling while for 18 the Obtryx? one), their mean age was 58.5 (±20.5) and 39 patients (75%) were on menopause. Patients from both groups did not undergo any past previous urogynecological surgery and suffered from stress urinary incontinence with cervico-urethral hypermobility butno other associated pathology. The pre-operative work-up included an evaluation of patients based on ICS guidelines. RESULTS. Group A (TVT) - mean follow-up 66.3 months, dry patients 53/61 (86.8%). Bladder perforations resolved by catheterization 3/61 (5%). Transient voiding dysfunction 14/61 (22.8%). "De novo" urgency 8/61 (13%). One patient on self-catheterization due to persistent urinary retention underwent a single-side section of the sling with spontaneous micturition and complete continence recovery. Group B (TOT out-in) - mean follow-up 35.5 months, dry patients 43/52 (82%). 4 patients (7.6%) complained oftransient voiding dysfunction, 5 patients (9.5%) for "de novo" urgency, 1 patient underwent a sling removal due to vaginal erosion 4 months after surgery (Obtape?).     

Secondary Transobturator Tape Procedure after Combined Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair

A 66‐year‐old female who underwent a partial urethrectomy complained of severe incontinence due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency. Bone anchor surgical technique was performed, but in 3 years, serious pelvic organ prolapse had occurred. Consequently, anterior and posterior tension‐free vaginal mesh operation was planned. Preoperative urodynamic examination predicted postoperative stress incontinence, and concurrent transobturator tape (TOT) surgery was performed. After 3 months, stress incontinence reoccurred, and secondary TOT was performed. Relapse was probably caused by dislocation of the first TOT towards the bladder neck. Thus, the secondary TOT was placed distal to the initial tape towards the external urethral meatus, and proper tension was applied. After the operation, stress incontinence was cured. Thus, a second TOT procedure, with proper positioning and tensioning, can effectively cure stress incontinence that occurs after an initial TOT procedure.     

经闭孔阴道无张力吊带术治疗老年女性压力性尿失禁的近期疗效观察

目的 观察经闭孔阴道无张力吊带术(TVT-O)治疗老年女性Ⅰ、Ⅱ型压力性尿失禁患者近期疗效.方法 选取已行TVT-O手术治疗半年至3年的老年女性Ⅰ、Ⅱ型压力性尿失禁患者73例,术前年龄60～72岁,平均(64.0±6.5)岁,采用尿失禁相关生活质量问卷(ⅡQ-7)、生活质量和尿生殖系统症状总表(UDI-6)进行电话问卷调查,比较患者术前、术后日常生活与下尿路症状的差异.结果 73例患者随访资料完整,术前患者做家务、活动、娱乐、外出、社交及情绪明显受到尿失禁症状影响,ⅡQ-7评分为9～25分,平均(17.0±6.7)分;下尿路症状尿急、尿频、运动、漏尿量、排尿困难及尿痛评分为8～21分,平均(14.0±4.7)分.轻度尿频8.2％(6例),尿垫使用率为97.3％(71例).11例患者诉排尿有耻骨上区不适.术后患者自评生活质量明显改善,ⅡQ-7评分2～13分,平均(6.4±3.2)分,下尿路症状评分1～9分,平均(5.4±3.2)分.轻度尿频1.4％(1例).39例(53.4％)患者尿失禁症状完全消失,尿垫使用率46.6％(34例).18例(24.7％)患者诉术后排尿有轻度耻骨上区不适.结论 TVT-O术是治疗老年女性Ⅰ、Ⅱ型压力性尿失禁患者较理想的选择.     

Efficacy of Synthetic Suburethral Slings in Female Urinary Stress Incontinence with Overactive Bladder

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of synthetic suburethral slings in female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) patients with overactive bladder (OAB). Methods: From May 2002 to April 2005, a total of 295 women with SUI underwent suburethral sling procedure. Of the 295 women, only those who were followed up for at least 12 months were included in the study, yielding 236 patients. The patients were divided into three groups: pure SUI; SUI with OAB dry; and SUI with OAB wet. Telephone questionnaires by were used to evaluate the postoperative improvement of SUI and storage symptoms. Results: There were significant differences in preoperative symptom score, quality of life (QoL) score, and preoperative voided volume among the three groups. There were no significant differences among the three groups in terms of the cure rate for the stress component (group 1, 88.6%; group 2, 86.2%; group 3, 86.7%; P = 0.943). Eighty percent of group 1 patients improved in frequency, but two patients (2.3%) complained of de novo urgency. In group 2, 81.5 and 82.7% improved in frequency and urgency, respectively, but one patient (1.7%) complained of de novo urge incontinence. In group 3, 76.9 and 84.4% improved in frequency and urge incontinence, respectively. Conclusion: Suburethral slings are simple, safe and highly effective in treating SUI with OAB.