胆管癌的18F-FDG PET/CT诊断价值

目的 总结胆管癌18F-FDG PET/CT显像表现,提高胆管癌的诊断准确性.方法 回顾经病理或临床综合手段证实的53例胆道疾病的18F-FDG PET/CT表现,分析PET/CT诊断胆管癌的敏感性、特异性和准确性.结果 肝内胆管癌14例、近段胆管癌18例、中远段胆总管癌15例、胆管炎性病变或伴结石6例.肝内转移9例,腹腔及腹膜后淋巴结转移15例,椎体等远处转移3例.PET/CT诊断胆管癌的敏感性为95.7％、特异性为83.3％、准确性为94.3％.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT在胆管癌的诊断与鉴别诊断、分期、检测疗效及预后等具有独特的应用价值.     

18F-FDOPA与18F-FDG PET/CT诊断脑肿瘤的系统评价

目的 系统评价18F-FDOPA与18F-FDG PET/CT显像在脑肿瘤诊断中的临床价值.方法 采用Meta分析与直接比较方法.使用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library,从建库至2016年10月,搜索直接比较18F-FDOPA与18F-FDG PET/CT诊断脑肿瘤的诊断性试验.用Meta-Disc 1.4软件进行分析,计算两种不同显像剂的合并敏感度(sensitivity,SEN)、合并特异度(specificity,SPE)、合并阳性似然比(positive likelihood ratio,+LR)、合并阴性似然比(negative likelihood ratio,-LR)、诊断优势比(diagnostic odds ratio,DOR),并绘制综合受试者工作特征曲线计算曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)与Q*值.结果 最终共纳入4篇文章,Meta 分析结果显示,18F-FDOPA PET/CT对脑肿瘤诊断的合并SEN为0.97(95％ CI =0.90 ～ 1.00),SPE为0.67(95％ CI =0.45 ～0.84),+LR为2.31 (95％ CI=1.40 ～3.81),-LR为0.07 (95％ CI =0.02～ 0.24),DOR为39.72(95％ CI=8.94～176.48),AUC为0.9725,Q*为0.9239.18F-FDG PET/CT对脑肿瘤诊断的合并SEN为0.51(95％CI=0.39～0.63),SPE为0.75(95％ CI=0.53 ～0.90,+LR为l.59(95％ CI=0.70 ～ 3.61),-LR为0.63(95％ CI =0.47 ～0.86),DOR为2.55(95％ CI =0.82 ～7.92),AUC为0.5848,Q*为0.5638.结论 18F-FDOPA PET/CT显像诊断脑肿瘤的敏感性比18F-FDG高,对脑肿瘤具有良好的诊断价值,可作为脑肿瘤诊断的方法之一.     

18F-FDGPET/CT勾画鼻咽癌原发肿瘤体积最适阈值的研究

目的 寻找¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT勾画鼻咽癌大体肿瘤体积（GTV）的最适阈值。 方法 16例初诊鼻咽癌患者在治疗前接受¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT及MRI检查,将MRI/CT融合图像上勾画的肿瘤GTV定义为GTV_f,¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT勾画肿瘤范围为BTV。不同阈值条件下的BTV通过调整最大标准摄取值（SUV_max）的比例得到。将不同阈值条件下的BTV和GTV_f进行比较,当二者在体积及形态学上达到最佳匹配时对应的阈值水平为最适阈值（sTL）。sTL×SUV_max得到相应的最适标准摄取值（sSUV）。 结果 16例患者最适阈值sTL（%）为20.93±6.51, 相应的最适标准摄取值sSUV为2.27±0.48。 sTL与SUV_max呈负相关（R²=0.85,F=78.57,P<0.05）;sSUV与SUV_max呈正相关（R²=0.75,F=41.88,P<0.05）;sTL与GTV_f无相关性。 结论 利用SUV_max阈值法勾画鼻咽癌GTV是可行的,最适阈值不是一个固定数值,与SUV_max相关,与肿瘤体积没有明显相关性。     

18F-FDG PET/CT引导局部晚期非小细胞肺癌靶区剂量提升的可行性研究

目的 研究基于放疗前正电子发射计算机断层显像（PET/CT）的标准摄取值（SUV）梯度引导局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者靶向剂量提升的可行性及剂量学特点。方法 收集29例NSCLC患者的放疗前PET/CT图像,在PET/CT图像上勾画大体肿瘤靶区（GTV）,以最大SUV值（SUV_max）的50%和75%为阈值将GTV分割为3个代谢活性亚区域,低于50%SUV_max的区域为GTV1,50%SUV_max到75%SUV_max的区域为GTV2,高于75%SUV_max的区域为GTV3。计划靶区（PTV）、PTV1、PTV2、PTV3分别由GTV、GTV1、GTV2及GTV3外放适当边界得到。计划1：在PTV上照射均匀60 Gy处方剂量。计划2：将PTV1、PTV2和PTV3的处方剂量分别设置为60~66 Gy、66~72 Gy和≥72 Gy。比较两种治疗计划靶区和危及器官（OAR）的剂量学差异。结果 相对于计划1,计划2将2%的PTV体积接受的剂量（D₂）由66.5 Gy提升至78.5 Gy,剂量提升约20%;PTV的平均剂量提升了8.9%（63.2~68.8 Gy）、PTV1,PTV2、PTV3的平均剂量分别提升了2.8%（62.7~64.4 Gy）、10.3%（63.5~70.0 Gy）、18.7%（63.8~75.8 Gy）。各亚区域剂量均得到有效提升。计划1与计划2 中PTV的60 Gy剂量线靶区覆盖度基本相当,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,均匀性指数（HI）的差异有统计学意义（t=23.3, P<0.05）,计划2中随着最大剂量的提升,HI下降显著。肺、心脏和脊髓的受照剂量在两个治疗计划中基本相当,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 对不同代谢活性梯度实施差异化的放疗剂量,在不增加危及器官辐射剂量的前提下,可对代谢活性高的亚区域进行靶向剂量提升,具有提高肿瘤局部控制的潜能。     

原发性纵隔绒毛膜癌18F-FDG PET/CT显像1例

<正>原发性绒毛膜癌,又称为非妊娠性绒毛膜癌,是一种极少见的高度侵袭性妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤^[1]。原发性纵隔绒毛膜癌(primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma, PMC)更为罕见,占所有纵隔恶性肿瘤的1%～4%,占所有生殖细胞恶性肿瘤的5%^[2]。目前关于PMC的影像学报道较少,多以临床个案为主。本文报道1例PMC的临床及PET/CT影像资料,并结合国内外文献进行回顾性分析,以提高对PMC的认识。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像中的脂肪摄取

单纯PET图像难以区分脂肪或肌肉组织摄取^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）及是否为病理性摄取，CT特异性脂肪密度为其定性诊断提供了有力的佐证。现将本院在^18F-FDG PET/CT检查中的12例脂肪摄取病例报道如下。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像诊断甲状腺癌复发和转移的价值

^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET显像对诊断甲状腺癌术后甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）水平升高患者有较大价值.笔者对21例血清Tg水平升高而疑甲状腺癌复发患者行PET/CT显像,并与^131I全身显像比较,现将结果报道如下.     

浅析18F-FDG PET/CT肿瘤显像前应注意的几个问题

随着18F-FDG PET/CT显著的临床价值以及临床医生对18F-FDG PET/CT检查的认可,越来越多的肿瘤患者选择了18F-FDG PET/CT检查。为了尽可能使行18F-FDG PET/CT肿瘤显像的患者感到检查的舒适性和无创性,并最大限度获得准确和高质量的影像结果,本文就患者行18F-FDG PET/CT肿瘤显像前     

PET/CT在恶性淋巴瘤疗效评估及复发诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨PET/CT用于恶性淋巴瘤的疗效预测、评估及复发诊断的临床应用价值。方法选择经病理证实的78例恶性淋巴瘤患者,男性51例,女性27例,年龄17～74岁,均行4～6疗程化疗或化疗加局部放疗。均分别分别在治疗前、治疗中及治疗后行18F-FDG全身PET/CT扫描检查2～6次,对PET、CT及PET/CT图像进行综合分析。结果本组78例中,16例治疗过程中用18F-FDG PET/CT监测发现疗效不佳,更换了治疗方案。PET/CT图像标准化摄取值(SUV值)呈阳性的43例中,39例为肿瘤残存或复发,4例为炎症;SUV值呈阴性的35例中,3例复发。本组疗效:完全缓解(CR)36例;部分缓解(PR)21例;稳定(SD)8例:进展(PD)13例。结论18F-FDG PET/CT在性淋巴瘤早期疗效预测、疗效评估及残留肿块的性质鉴别、预后及生存率评估等方面,均有很高的临床应用价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT对非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变诊断价值的Meta分析

 目的 采用Meta分析系统评价¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT对非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变的诊断价值。方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、中文科技期刊数据库,查找有关¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT对非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变的诊断性试验。由 2 位评价员按照纳入与排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Meta DiSc1.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入16篇文献,非小细胞肺癌3308例。病理确诊为肺腺癌2914例(88.09%),其他病理类型394例(11.91%)。Meta分析结果示,SEN合并=0.57[95%CI(0.55,0.60)],SPE合并=0.65[95%CI(0.62,0.67)],+LR合并=1.82[95%CI(1.49,2.23)],-LR合并=0.67[95%CI(0.59,0.76)],DOR合并=2.93[95%CI(2.08,4.15)],AUC=0.6678。结论 ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT的SUV_max对NSCLC患者的EGFR突变有一定的预测能力,其特异度优于敏感度,可以用于EGFR突变的诊断。     

全身动态18 F-FDG PET/CT显像以不同输入函数重建对肺癌定量参数的影响

目的探讨使用两种不同输入函数重建氟-18-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(PET/CT) Patlak多参图像对肺癌病灶定量参数的影响。方法回顾性分析在安徽医科大学第一附属医院核医学科完成全身动态18F-FDG PET/CT扫描的肺癌患者的扫描原始数据, 总扫描时间为75 min。采用两种输入函数进行Patlak多参重建:①以0～75 min降主动脉时间-放射性曲线(TAC)为输入函数(IDIF)。②以耶鲁大学研发的基于人群的输入函数(PBIF)。Patlak多参数分析软件分别以上述输入函数重建获得代谢率(MRFDG)、分布容积(DV)图像, 感兴趣区法勾画病灶获得多参定量信息包括MRFDG及DV的最大值(max)、峰值(peak)和平均值(mean), 采用配对t检验进行统计分析。结果 27例接受全身动态18F-FDG PET/CT成像的肺癌患者的原始数据, 以两种不同输入函数进行Patlak重建, 得到肺癌病灶MRFDG-IDIF和MRFDG-PBIF的max、peak及mean值分别为:(0.26 ± 0.15)、(0.19 ± 0.12)、(...     

18F-FDG PET/CT在鼻咽癌中的诊断价值

目的 探讨18F-FDG PET/CT在鼻咽癌中的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析我院2007年3月～2010年3月以鼻咽部肿块就诊的36例患者资料,所有患者均行鼻咽部18F-FDG PET/CT检查及鼻内镜下取材病检确诊.结果 24例病检后确诊为鼻咽癌患者,18F-FDG PET/CT检查均为局限性高代谢灶;12例病检后确诊为鼻咽部炎性肿块患者中,8例18F-FDG PET/CT检查均为鼻咽部局限性低代谢灶,考虑炎症,有4例18F-FDG PET/CT检查为鼻咽部局限性高代谢灶,误诊为鼻咽癌.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT检查是诊断鼻咽癌的较好方法,结合患者临床症状,可以为鼻咽部肿块的良恶性鉴别提供可靠依据.     

(18)F-FDG PET versus (18)F-FDG PET/CT for adrenal gland lesion characterization: a comparison of diagnostic efficacy in lung cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of integrated PET/CT using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for the differentiation of benign and metastatic adrenal gland lesions in patients with lung cancer and to compare the diagnostic efficacy with the use of PET alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one adrenal lesions (size range, 5-104 mm; mean size, 16 mm) were evaluated retrospectively in 42 lung cancer patients. Both PET images alone and integrated PET/CT images were assessed, respectively, at two-month intervals. PET findings were interpreted as positive if the FDG uptake of adrenal lesions was greater than or equal to that of the liver, and the PET/CT findings were interpreted as positive if an adrenal lesion show attenuation > 10 HU and showed increased FDG uptake. Final diagnoses of adrenal gland lesions were made at clinical follow-up (n = 52) or by a biopsy (n = 9) when available. The diagnostic accuracies of PET and PET/CT for the characterization of adrenal lesions were compared using the McNemar test. RESULTS: Thirty-five (57%) of the 61 adrenal lesions were metastatic and the remaining 26 lesions were benign. For the depiction of adrenal gland metastasis, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET were 74%, 73%, and 74%, respectively, whereas those of integrated PET/CT were 80%, 89%, and 84%, respectively (p values; 0.5, 0.125, and 0.031, respectively). CONCLUSION: The use of integrated PET/CT is more accurate than the use of PET alone for differentiating benign and metastatic adrenal gland lesions in lung cancer patients.     

Performance of integrated FDG PET/contrast-enhanced CT in the diagnosis of recurrent colorectal cancer: Comparison with integrated FDG PET/non-contrast-enhanced CT and enhanced CT

Purpose  The aim of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) with IV contrast for depiction of suspected recurrent colorectal cancer and to assess the impact of PET/contrast-enhanced CT findings on clinical management compared with PET/non-contrast-enhanced CT and CT component. Methods  One hundred seventy patients previously treated for colorectal cancer underwent PET/CT consisting of non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT for suspected recurrence. PET/contrast-enhanced CT, PET/non-contrast-enhanced CT and enhanced CT were interpreted by two experienced radiologists by consensus for each investigation. Lesion status was determined on the basis of histopathology, radiological imaging and clinical follow-up for longer than 6 months. Results  Patient-based analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of PET/contrast-enhanced CT were 93.2 (69/74), 95.8 (92/96) and 94.7% (161/170), respectively, whereas those of PET/non-contrast-enhanced CT were 89.2 (66/74), 94.8 (91/96) and 92.4% (157/170), respectively, and those of enhanced CT were 79.7 (59/74), 93.8 (90/96) and 87.6% (149/170), respectively. Sensitivity and accuracy differed significantly among the three modalities (Cochran’s Q test: p = 0.0004 and p = 0.0001, respectively).The findings of PET/contrast-enhanced CT resulted in a change of management for 64 of the 170 patients (38%) and had an effect on patient management in 12 patients (7%) diagnosed by enhanced CT alone and 4 patients (2%) diagnosed by PET/non-contrast-enhanced CT. Conclusion  Integrated PET/contrast-enhanced CT is an accurate modality for assessing colorectal cancer recurrence and led to changes in the subsequent appropriate therapy.     

Prospective assessment of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detection of recurrent ovarian cancer

Objective

To assess the use of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected ovarian cancer recurrence and describe the distribution of metastasis.

Patients and methods

This study included (39) patients suspected to have recurrent ovarian malignancy. This suspicion was either clinically, radiologically or due to raised CA-125 levels. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT, surgery was performed within 8 weeks of imaging studies. Surgical and/or histopathological examinations were available in 31 patients, and clinical, radiological and CA 125 serum level follow up in 8 patients.

Results

The overall lesion-based sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT for revealing recurrent ovarian carcinoma were 90%, 98% and 97%, respectively. The patient – based sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT were 97%, 75% and 95%, respectively.

Conclusion

18F-FDG PET/CT is a useful tool for evaluating the recurrence of ovarian cancer after first-line therapy in patients with a high risk of relapse, equivocal radiologic findings, increased or normal levels of serum CA-125. It can more accurately diagnose and localize recurrence, hence decreasing the rate of second look surgery and changing treatment plan.     

Breast MRI and<Superscript>18</Superscript>F FDG PET/CT in the management of breast cancer

GOALS: 18F FDG PET/CT is used for diagnosis, staging and establishing the response to therapy in various malignancies, including breast cancer (BC). Dedicated breast MRI (BMRI) is gaining a role in the management of BC patients (pts), demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity for detection of small lesions. We were therefore prompted to review our experience with PET and BMRI in BC. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 21 women with BC, 30-76 years old, who had BMRI and whole-body FDG PET/CT at our institution from Jun 2002 to May 2005. A total of 6 patients (group A) had BMRI and PET/CT in the preoperative period and 15 patients (group B) had BMRI and PET/CT after surgery. Reinterpretation of the imaging studies for accuracy and data analysis from medical records were performed. RESULTS: For group A, BMRI identified breast lesions in 4 patients, while PET/CT was able to identify breast lesions in 5 patients. All these were proven to be malignancy on pathology examination. In group B, BMRI detected recurrent breast lesions in 8 patients, with 88.9% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. In the same patient population, PET/CT was 33.3% sensitive and 91.7% specific. As a whole body examination, PET/CT revealed metastatic disease in 6 patients (100% sensitive and 90% specific). Overall, sensitivities and specificities for breast disease detection were 85.7% and 85.7% for BMRI, and 75% and 92.3% for 18F FDG PET/ CT. CONCLUSIONS: As expected, BMRI is more sensitive than PET/CT in the detection of breast lesions. However, PET/CT as a whole-body examination changed the management of disease by detection of distant lesions in 6 of the 21 patients. Our study suggests that 18F FDG PET/CT and BMRI should be considered as complimentary imaging tools in the pre- and postoperative work-up of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.     

18F-FDG PET/CT代谢参数与晚期非小细胞肺癌一线免疫治疗联合化疗预后的关系

目的探讨基线氟-18-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射计算机断层扫描(PET/CT)代谢参数与晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)一线免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)联合化疗预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2019至2021年于郑州大学附属肿瘤医院接受基线PET/CT检查且行一线ICI联合化疗的晚期NSCLC患者。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)获得总肿瘤代谢体积(TMTV)、糖酵解总量(TLG)和最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)与一线ICI联合化疗预后的最佳临界值, 并收集患者外周血指标, 采用Kaplan-Meier法、Log-rank法及Cox回归计算总生存(OS)及无进展生存(PFS)。结果共入组44例患者。单因素分析显示, TMTV>119.5 cm3及转移灶数量>3个与较差的PFS有关(χ2=4.19、11.28, P<0.05);TMTV>119.5 cm3及TLG>424.3与较差的OS有关(χ2=14.96、6.05, P<0.05)。多因素分析显示, 转移灶数量是PFS的独立预后因素(P=0.011), TMTV是OS的独立预后因素(P=0...