预处置对心肌缺血／再灌注损伤保护作用的组织化学研究

预处置对心肌缺血／再灌注损伤保护作用的组织化学研究哈尔滨医科大学（哈尔滨１５００８６）梁华茂，贾玉芝，王孝铭预处置（ｐｒｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ）是在长期缺血前给予短期多次的缺血／再灌注。目前对预处置是否具有抗缺血／再灌注损伤作用尚无定论。本文着重...     

搏动灌注研究现状

在体外循环应用中，对搏动灌注进行了大量研究和讨论，但争议较多，应用尚未普及。本文对近年有关搏动灌注的论文做了综述，介绍搏动灌注的各种理论基础和搏动灌注的研究情况，提出了目前研究中存在的问题。     

搏动灌注研究现状

在体外循环应用中，对搏动灌注进行了大量研究和讨论，但争议较多，应用尚未普及。本文对近年有关搏动灌注的论文做了综述，介绍了搏劝灌注的各种理论基础和搏劝灌注的研究情况，提出了目前研究中存在的问题。     

纳洛酮对缺血/再灌注损伤家兔心肌前列腺素代谢产物及再灌注血流的影响

目的 观察纳洛酮对缺氧心肌组织再灌注血流及前列腺素代谢产物生成的影响。方法 30只新西兰大白兔随机分为：再灌注组10只，结扎冠状动脉左前降支1h再开放4．5h；纳洛酮组10只，手术过程同前，同时静注纳洛酮；假手术组10只，手术过程同前，不结扎前降支动脉。用激光多谱勒血流测定仪测定再灌注组及纳洛酮组结扎前、后及稃灌注4．5h后缺血区心肌再灌注血流量：放射免疫法测定各组再灌注4．5h后的血浆6-酮-前列腺素F1α血栓素B，含量。结果 （1）结扎前，再灌注组及纳洛酮组局部心肌组织血流无差别；再灌注后，两组血流均较前下降，再灌注组的缺血区血流量明显低于纳洛酮组（P〈0．01）。（2）再灌注后，再灌注组、纳洛酮组血浆血栓素B1含量及血栓素B2／6-酮-前列腺素F1α比值显著高于假手术组，再灌注组又高于纳洛酮组，各组间血浆6．酮．前列腺素F1α含量无显著性差异。结论 纳洛酮可以抑制缺血／再灌注后家兔心肌血栓素B2的生成。改善再灌注部位血流。     

实用新型腹腔内循环热灌注系统的研制及其应用

目的研制一种新型腔内循环热灌注系统并进行初步临床应用，以解决国内热灌注化疗设备入腔内水温高、灌注流量低的问题。方法利用心脏手术体外循环装置，即人工心肺机的单一滚压泵，变温水箱的升温部分，组合成腔内热灌注机。热灌注系统由一次性腔内热灌注装置和灌注机组成，其中热灌注装置包括热灌注插管、灌注环路、腹腔压力监测管路、储液器、变温器。热灌注机由灌注泵、变温水箱、温度、压力和时间监测仪组成。通过20例腔内循环热灌注化疗的临床应用验证此系统是否达到设计要求。结果该腔内循环热灌注系统人腔内水温≤43℃时腹腔内流出体外的水温41．5～42．7℃，灌注流量2000～3000mL／min。结论该实用新型一次性腔内热灌注化疗装置和热灌注机符合国际热灌注化疗标准，实用、安全、方便、有效，适合临床推广应用。     

电动自控恒压填充剂灌注机的研制

以往在整体标本注乳胶时，我们常采用注射器或打气筒式简易灌注器进行灌注，注射器多用于局部标本或单个脏器的灌注；简易灌注器靠人工打气速度来控制不同的压力，压力不均匀且不能维持压力，致使灌注的成功率较低。因此，实验人员与相关技术人员合作，研制了这种电动自控恒压填充剂灌注机，可单人操作，罐内压力均匀可调，提高了灌注效率和质量，可应用于各类管道铸型时灌注使用。     

压气式动脉明胶灌注器的制作与使用

用红色热明胶灌注尸体动脉是解剖基本技术之一。采用注射器灌注，速度慢，效率较低，灌注时还可能出现中断，造成灌注效果不理想。为了提高动脉灌注效果和速度，我们设计制作了一个压气式动脉明胶灌注器，经使用，效果较好，现介绍如下。     

移动对心肌灌注模型断层与病人心肌灌注断层显像结果的影响比较初探

利用心肌灌注模型模拟人体进行心肌灌注断层显像，观察移动对显像结果的影响，并与心肌灌注显像检查病人移动的影响作比较，发现移动对显像结果影响较大，且病人移动造成的影响远比模型实验复杂和显著。     

大鼠脑慢性低灌注模型的研究进展

研究表明大鼠脑的低灌注模型可模拟人类脑血管疾病并作相关研究，而脑局部血流量的变化与脑血管疾病密切相关，本文阐述了慢性脑低灌注与脑局部血流变化的关系，总结了慢性脑低灌注模型和脑局部血流量检测方法的研究进展，探讨了大鼠脑慢性低灌注模型检测局部血流量变化的意义和应用前景。     

异丙酚对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护

在特定的时间范围内，局部心肌缺血后恢复正常灌注，缺血区的组织损伤反而比单纯缺血时更严重，这种损伤被称为心肌缺血再灌注损伤。随着体外循环下心脏手术、器官移植手术、溶栓治疗等的开展，缺血再灌注损伤这一临床常见的病理生理变化正逐渐受到人们的重视。缺血再灌注损伤是在缺血的基础上恢复血流后导致的细胞损害和组织器官的损伤加重的现象。迄今为止，对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的确切机制尚未完全阐明。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.     

THE ODYSSEY – A JUNGIAN PERSPECTIVE: INDIVIDUATION AND MEETING WITH THE ARCHETYPES OF THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS

Homer's epic tale of the 20-year return of Odysseus from the Trojan War is investigated with particular reference to Jung's theory of individuation. Odysseus' meetings with 'the anima' in the form of goddesses, sirens and female monsters and his visit to Hades demonstrate the confrontation and humanization of aspects of the archetypal level of the psyche, central to Jung's theories of psychic growth and development. Jung's important ideas of the psychoid level and the transcendent function are explored and linked both to his investigations into medieval alchemy and with findings from contemporary neuroscience. The importance of Jung's constructive method of the interpretation of dreams and myths is shown to be central.