犬咬伤患者焦虑和抑郁症状的短期随访研究

目的:探讨犬咬伤患者的焦虑抑郁情绪在短期内的变化特点及其相关因素。方法:采用纵向研究对符合入组条件的506例犬咬伤患者应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别在犬咬伤当日和伤后4周测评,分析犬来源(家养和非家养),伤口暴露分级(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),性别,年龄与总分的关系。结果:犬咬伤患者在咬伤当日存在一定比例的焦虑(9.33%)和抑郁(2.65%)症状,两者的发生率相比差异有显著性(P<0.05),在咬伤当日和伤后4周再测评前后总分也差异有显著性(P<0.01),咬伤当日量表总分与女性、非家养、伤口暴露分级有关(P<0.05),其中Ⅲ级伤口暴露分级关联程度最大(β=13.365,P<0.05)。结论:一定比例的犬咬伤患者存在焦虑和抑郁症状,与女性、非家养、伤口暴露分级有关。     

焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍患者的睡眠质量及与焦虑、抑郁症状的相关性

目的 探讨焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍患者的睡眠质量及与焦虑、抑郁症状的相关性.方法 选取2020年8月至2021年8月在深圳市康宁医院焦虑障碍科住院治疗的70例广泛性焦虑障碍、惊恐障碍、抑郁障碍患者,其中抑郁障碍组33例,焦虑障碍组37例.比较两组的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数...     

内科住院患者焦虑抑郁症状调查

综合医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）是综合医院发现和处理情绪障碍可靠而有效的工具。本研究以此调查综合医院内科住院患者的焦虑抑郁症状发生情况,报告如下。     

综合医院门诊患者焦虑、抑郁症状调查

目的：分析综合医院门诊患者中,焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率及其可能的影响因素。方法：选取4所综合医院2485例门诊患者,采用自编一般情况调查表及综合医院焦虑抑郁量表进行调查。结果：门诊患者中焦虑、抑郁发生率分别达到26.0%、26.6%,焦虑抑郁共发率达12.7%,明显高于普通人群。不同级别医院、科室、男女之间焦虑、抑郁评分有显著差异。结论：综合医院门诊患者中焦虑抑郁有较高的患病率,值得引起关注。     

精神分裂症焦虑和抑郁症状的探讨

用焦虑自评量表抑郁自评量表调查了１４１例恢复期住院精神分裂症患者的焦虑和抑郁症状，发生率分别为３９．０１％和５０．３５％，同时有焦虑和抑郁症状的发生率为３３．３３％。患者的ＳＡＳ和ＳＤＳ得分具有显著的正相关。逐步回归提示，焦虑症状的首选危险因素为：受到或担心受到同事或邻居的岐视，抑郁症状的首选危险因素为：与医护人员交流感情的机会较少。笔者分析认为，焦虑和抑郁是同时存在于患者身上的两组独立的症状。     

高龄孕产妇焦虑、抑郁症状分析

目的：探讨高龄孕产妇焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率及相应的危险因素。方法：随机选取两家妇产科医院的孕妇522名,采用综合医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HAD）、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）和自编危险因素问卷,分别评估人组时、孕38周、产后7d、产后42d和产后3个月的焦虑、抑郁症状。结果：522名中有19例高龄孕产妇。高龄孕产妇5个时点的焦虑症状发生率依次为：15.8％、11．1％、21．1％、6．7％和10．0％;孕期HAD评定的抑郁症状发生率为21．1％、11.1％,产后EPDS评定抑郁症状发生率为10.5％、28．6％和20．0％。高龄孕产妇焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率均高于非高龄孕产妇。初潮年龄和担忧孩子喂养与高龄孕产妇人组时的抑郁情绪相关,分娩时紧张状态和产后抢救与产后7d的焦虑情绪相关。结论：高龄孕产妇存在较多的焦虑和抑郁情绪,应针对其危险因素进行预防。     

舒必利治疗焦虑、抑郁症状的疗效分析

对４０例患有焦虑、抑郁症状的患者进行舒必利治疗。观察时间为８周，剂量０．４～０．８ｇ／日。治疗１周内开始见效。４０例患者的总有效率为１００％，其中痊愈６０％，显著好转３５％，好转５％。以对焦虑症状的疗效最为显著，其次为抑郁改善，对失眠亦有治疗作用。提示此药可作为抗焦虑、抑郁剂在临床应用。     

老年冠心病病人焦虑、抑郁症状的调查

目的 了解老年心病伴焦虑、抑郁症状的情况,为临床干预提供客观依据,方法 采用汉密顿焦虑量表（ＨＡＭＭＡ）、汉密顿抑郁量表（ＨＡＭＤ）、综合性医院焦虑、抑郁量表（ＨＡＤ）,对７１例住院老年冠心病人进入调查,并与２０例非老年主病患者进行比较。结果 老年冠心病病人焦滤症状发生率为６９￣７０．４％,抑胡 状发生率为４２．１￣６３．４％,焦虑比抑郁发生率高,有显著差异。与２０例非老年冠心病比较,老年冠心伯焦     

很可能的特发性正常压力脑积水患者淡漠、焦虑和抑郁症状特点分析

目的 总结很可能的特发性正常压力脑积水(probable idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, Probable iNPH)患者淡漠、焦虑、抑郁症状的出现率、严重程度和特点,通过增强对这些神经精神症状的认识,提高iNPH诊疗效率。方法 收集自2017年3月至2021年3月就诊于航空总医院神经内科诊断为很可能的iNPH患者资料60例,进行改良淡漠评定量表(modified apathy evaluation scale, MAES)、宗氏焦虑自评量表(Zung self-rating anxiety scale, SAS)和抑郁自评量表(Zung self-rating depression scale, SDS)测定,分析淡漠、焦虑和抑郁症状的出现率、严重程度和特点。进一步根据有无淡漠、焦虑和抑郁症状,分别将患者分为有无淡漠组、有无焦虑组和有无抑郁组,分别对比分析有无上述症状患者的临床特点。结果 53例很可能的iNPH患者纳入研究,男37例、女16例。出现淡漠症状33例(62.3%),焦虑症状14例(26.4%),抑郁症状15例(28.3%...     

脑卒中后焦虑抑郁共病研究进展

脑卒中患者除偏瘫外,还可出现一系列情感行为的变化,其中抑郁和焦虑是脑卒中后常见的心理障碍.有研究表明只有39.5%的情感障碍和59.3%的焦虑障碍是以单独的形式出现的,而焦虑抑郁共病（comorbid anxiety and depression,CAD）则是最常见的共病模式[1].这种情绪变化不仅影响患者的生存质量,也妨碍其神经功能的恢复,不仅给患者带来躯体上和精神上痛苦,而且增加了家庭和社会的负担,为此,越来越多的学者意识到脑卒中后抑郁焦虑共病早期诊断和积极干预的重要性.现将脑卒中后焦虑抑郁共病的研究情况作一介绍.     

慢性乙肝住院患者焦虑及抑郁情绪发生情况及干预措施

目的 观察不同年龄及性别慢性乙肝住院患者的焦虑、抑郁发生情况,探讨其可能的影响因素及干预措施.方法 采用定式临床会诊量表(DSM-Ⅳ轴Ⅰ障碍)对160例慢性乙肝住院患者的精神状态进行测评及问卷调查,根据不同干预措施分成3组:药物干预组、药物配合心理干预组和空白对照组,比较不同干预措施的临床疗效.结果 抑郁发病率16％,焦虑发病率14％.女性抑郁、焦虑的发病率较男性高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.020,P=0.029),年龄40岁以下的慢性乙肝患者抑郁和焦虑的发病率均高于40岁以上者,差异有统计学意义(P=0.045,P=0.021).不熟悉乙肝相关知识的患者抑郁和焦虑的发病率明显高于熟悉者(P=0.001,P=0.006).人际关系不佳的患者抑郁和焦虑发病率显著高于有良好人际关系的患者(P=0.002,P=0.047).药物干预(P=0.001,P=0.040)和药物联合心理干预(P=0.027,P=0.005)均可有效缓解乙肝患者的抑郁和焦虑,且后者疗效显著高于前者(x2=23.41,P=0.001;x2 =4.26,P=0.033).结论 慢性乙肝患者中抑郁和焦虑的发病情况与年龄、性别、对乙肝知识的了解以及人际关系有关.药物干预与药物联合心理干预对缓解抑郁和焦虑均有明显效果,且药物联合心理干预的效果更为显著.     

焦虑障碍、抑郁症和健康对照的非匹配负波研究

目的了解焦虑障碍（AD）患者非匹配负波（MMN）Pz脑区的特点。方法应用NicoletBravo脑诱发电位仪，对37例AD患者、32例抑郁症对照组（CD组）和36名健康成人（NC组）进行了MMN—Pz脑区检测。结果与健康对照组相比，AD患者MMN潜伏期延迟．同时波幅降低。CD组的MMN潜伏期变化与AD组基本类似，但MMN波幅改变特征较明显。结论MMN新技术可用于精神科临床应用。     

Depression and anxiety in patients with hepatitis C: prevalence, detection rates and risk factors

OBJECTIVE: We examined a group of patients awaiting interferon treatment for hepatitis C to estimate the prevalence and detection rates of and risk factors for mood disorders. METHODS: The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders: Clinician Version was used to detect psychiatric disorder. Self-completion instruments were used to rate symptom severity, subjective cognitive function, work and social adjustment, stigma, acceptance of illness and treatment satisfaction. RESULTS: The 90 participants included 23 women (26%); 33 (37%) had contracted hepatitis C iatrogenically, 42 (47%) through injecting drug use and the remainder (17%) were of unknown origin. There was a 28% 1-month prevalence of depressive disorders, 72% of whom were previously undiagnosed, and a 24% prevalence of anxiety disorders, 86% previously undiagnosed. Current methadone maintenance was strongly associated with risk of depression (odds ratio, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.08-23.0). After adjustment for age and sex, depression was associated with poorer work and social adjustment, lower acceptance of illness, higher illness stigma, poorer reported thinking and concentration, and higher levels of subjective physical symptoms (all P < .05). Anxiety disorders were uncorrelated with any risk factor. CONCLUSIONS: Depression and anxiety have high prevalences in hepatitis C, and are largely undetected and treated. Depression, but not anxiety, is associated with adverse experiences of illness.     

焦虑症共病抑郁症状在门诊患者中的调查研究

目的调查门诊患者中焦虑症的患病率以及共病抑郁症状的发生率。方法在我院精神科门诊、心理咨询门诊以及社区卫生服务中心内科门诊就诊的1106例患者作为研究对象，并做SAS、SDS、HAMA量表评定。结果1106例患者中，符合焦虑症诊断，且HAMA≥14分者共93例，患病率为8.41%。SDS标准分≥50共病抑郁症状的共43例，占46.23%。HAMA分值、SAS分值与SDS分值有显著性正相关。结论门诊中罹患焦虑症的患者焦虑程度越高，共病抑郁的可能性就越大。     

艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁症伴焦虑的疗效分析

目的评价国产艾司西酞普兰片治疗抑郁症伴焦虑的疗效及安全性。方法本研究为6周的多中心开放性研究,共入组符合CCMD-3诊断标准的抑郁症(同时HAMD≥17分、HAMA≥14分)患者173例,服用国产艾司西酞普兰片的剂量为10mg-20mg/d,分别在治疗前及第1、2、4、6周末以汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和临床总体印象量表CGI(包括病情严重程度评分CGI-SI、疗效评分CGI-GI)评定疗效,以不良事件记录表、体格检查、实验室检查评估用药安全性。结果共169例患者完成研究,经6周治疗后显示,HAMD、HAMA、CGI-SI评分呈现一致的减分趋势,各时点HAMD-17、HAMA、CGI-SI的总分与治疗前比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.05),总体有效率为81.1%、痊愈率是63.9%。不良反应发生率为10.06%,一般可以耐受。结论国产艾司西酞普兰片治疗抗抑郁及焦虑作用确切,可用于治疗抑郁症伴焦虑障碍。     

Association of change in depression and anxiety symptoms with functional outcomes in pulmonary rehabilitation patients

Objective

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has emerged over the last decade as an essential component of an integrated approach to managing patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We sought to examine how depression and anxiety symptom changes relate to disease-specific quality of life outcomes following PR.

Methods

We performed a cohort study of 81 patients with COPD who completed PR at a Veterans Administration Medical Center. Pulmonary rehabilitation consisted of supervised exercise training and education twice weekly for 8 weeks. Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI and BAI) assessed symptom burden at baseline and completion of PR. We measured change in disease-specific quality of life using the dyspnea, mastery, emotion and fatigue domains of the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire Self-Reported (CRQ-SR) from baseline to completion of PR.

Results

Participants were 69.8±9.1 years old and all male. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was 1.23±0.39 L. The CRQ-SR scores improved significantly: dyspnea (P<.0001), mastery (P=.015) and fatigue (P=.017). The BDI scores improved significantly (13.1±10.5 to 10.8±9.9, P=.003; BAI: 13.1±10.1 to 12.1±11.7). Multivariate regression models controlling for age, FEV1, depression treatment and anxiety treatment showed that improvement in depressive symptoms were associated with improvement in fatigue (P=.003), emotion (P=.003) and mastery (P=.01). Anxiety symptom change was not significantly associated with change in disease-specific quality of life domains.

Conclusion

Addressing anxiety symptoms in PR patients may be indicated because disease-specific quality of life improvement appears to be associated with mood.     

Effect of social support on psychological-stress-induced anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the association of psychological stress and social support with anxiety and depressive symptoms in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS: Eighty-one patients receiving PD were recruited. Their demographic characteristics, psychological stress, and social support were determined with a structured questionnaire, and their anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS: Psychological stressors caused by ESRD and PD originated from five major sources, as determined by factor analysis. These included "Job and family crisis," "Worry about health and family being harmed," "Worry about daily life being restricted and physical appearance being altered," "Fear of decline in social ability," and "Fear of decline in physical function." Hierarchical linear regression analysis indicated that, after adjusting for gender, age, marital status, educational level, and duration of illness, solid social support can alleviate such symptoms.     

Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3) subscales predict unique variance in anxiety and depressive symptoms

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) has been implicated in the development and maintenance of a range of mental health problems. The development of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index – 3, a psychometrically sound index of AS, has provided the opportunity to better understand how the lower-order factors of AS – physical, psychological, and social concerns – are associated with unique forms of psychopathology. The present study investigated these associations among 85 treatment-seeking adults with high AS. Participants completed measures of AS, anxiety, and depression. Multiple regression analyses controlling for other emotional disorder symptoms revealed unique associations between AS subscales and certain types of psychopathology. Only physical concerns predicted unique variance in panic, only cognitive concerns predicted unique variance in depressive symptoms, and social anxiety was predicted by only social concerns. Findings emphasize the importance of considering the multidimensional nature of AS in understanding its role in anxiety and depression and their treatment.     

Prevalence of depressive symptoms in Japanese male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Aim: The objective of this study was to utilize commonly applied tools, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Depression subscale (HADS‐D) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D), to screen for depressive symptoms in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, we sought to identify whether differences existed in the prevalence of depressive symptoms as assessed by CES‐D and HADS‐D, and predictors of depressive symptoms. Methods: The presence of depressive symptoms in 80 outpatients and 51 inpatients with stable COPD was assessed using the CES‐D and HADS‐D. Data regarding sex, educational level, body mass index, smoking index and pulmonary function were obtained to evaluate their independent contribution as predictors of depressive symptoms. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 29.8% based on CES‐D and 40.5% based on HADS‐D. A MacNemar test of COPD severity and analysis of the results of depressive symptoms based on CES‐D and HADS‐D revealed significant differences. Logistic regression analysis suggested that ‘severity’ is a predictor of depressive symptoms as assessed by CES‐D, whereas ‘body mass index’, ‘education level’ and ‘setting’ were predictors of depressive symptoms as assessed by HADS‐D. Conclusions: The prevalence of depressive symptoms differed when assessed with CES‐D and HADS‐D. The reasons behind this difference include the fact that HADS‐D frequently detected depressive symptoms in patients with mild COPD as well as a tendency for HADS‐D to be strongly influenced by education levels. In contrast, the severity of COPD was reflected in CES‐D. It is possible that prevalence of depressive symptoms differs in accordance with the applied screening tool.     

抑郁症伴焦虑症状的影响因素分析

目的探讨抑郁症患者伴焦虑症状的发生情况,并从社会心理因素方面分析抑郁症伴焦虑症状的影响因素。方法采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety rating scale,HAMA)、艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)、生活事件量表(life event scale,LES)、特质应对方式问卷(trait coping style questionnaire,TCSQ)、社会支持问卷(social support scale,SSS)对729例抑郁症患者进行评估,根据HAMA得分将患者分为不伴焦虑症状组(HAMA7分)和伴焦虑症状组(HAMA14分),比较两组社会心理因素,并分析抑郁症伴焦虑症状的影响因素。结果抑郁症患者中焦虑症状(HAMA14分)的发生率为58.85%(429/729),16.32%(119/729)肯定不伴焦虑症状(HAMA7分)。伴焦虑症状组神经质、精神质、负性生活事件、消极应对方式的得分高于不伴焦虑症状组(P0.001);外倾性的得分低于不伴焦虑症状组(P=0.010)。抑郁程度(OR=9.255,95%CI:4.726~18.127)、神经质(OR=1.595,95%CI:1.197~2.125)、负性生活事件(OR=1.009,95%CI:1.001~1.017)、消极应对方式(OR=1.046,95%CI:1.013~1.080)均是抑郁症患者伴焦虑症状的危险因素(P0.05)。结论抑郁症患者焦虑症状的发生率高。抑郁症状严重、高神经质水平、经历更多负性生活事件、倾向于采用消极应对方式的抑郁症患者更有可能伴焦虑症状。