撬拨复位植骨治疗跟骨骨折

目的探讨撬拨复位克氏针内固定小切口异体骨植骨治疗跟骨骨折的临床疗效。方法对18例波及距下关节面的跟骨骨折患者采用撬拨复位、小切口行异体骨植骨、克氏针固定治疗。结果患者伤口均一期愈合,无皮肤坏死和克氏针断裂发生。18例均获随访,时间3～12个月。术后Bhler角及Gissane角均较术前明显改善(P<0.05)。参照美国足踝外科学会足部功能评分系统评定:优12足,良5足,可1足。结论撬拨复位小切口植骨克氏针固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折疗效满意。     

经皮克氏针撬拨复位内固定治疗波及距下关节的跟骨骨折

跟骨骨折临床较多见,传统的治疗方法是经皮克氏针撬拨复位内固定,对波及距下关节的严重粉碎性骨折采用绷带包扎早期功能锻炼.随着医疗技术及器械的发展,现多主张行切开复位钢板内固定,治疗效果满意[1].笔者自2005年1月～2008年10月,采用C型臂X线机透视下经皮克氏针撬拨复位,跟、距骨穿针内固定治疗波及距下关节的跟骨骨折42例(48足),现报告如下. 1 临床资料 1.1 一般资料本组42例(48足),男38例(42足),女4例(6足);年龄18～56岁,平均37岁.均为高处坠落伤致闭合性跟骨骨折.按Essex-Lopresti分型法:C型30例(34足),D型8例(10足),E型4例(4足).     

微创撬拨复位克氏针结合空心钉固定治疗跟骨骨折

目的观察应用微创撬拨复位克氏针结合空心钉固定治疗跟骨骨折的疗效。方法跟骨骨折36例,均采用撬拨复位克氏针结合空心钉固定。结果全部病例术后无感染、皮肤坏死、断钉等并发症。骨折愈合时间平均2.8个月,术后Bohler角度平均为37.6°,Gissane角度平均为135.4°,根据Fernandez评分标准:优28例,良6例,一般2例。结论微创撬拨复位克氏针结合空心钉固定是一种治疗SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的较好方法。     

波及距下关节面跟骨骨折的治疗（附48例疗效分析）

跟骨骨折治疗我们原来采用闭合手法复位或斯氏针撬拨复位石膏固定等方法，对于波及距下关节面的较为复杂骨折，采用石膏制动或跟骨撬拨则难以取得满意效果，并且晚期出现创伤性关节炎并发症。自1998年8月～2003年12月我们采用重建钢板内固定来治疗波及距下关节面跟骨骨折48例，疗效良好，现报告如下。     

经皮多枚骨圆针治疗跟骨骨折

跟骨骨折（特别是波及距下关节的跟骨骨折）早期处理不当,容易出现疼痛、足部僵硬、行走困难等后遗症。2003年3月～2007年5月,我们采用撬拨复位经皮多枚骨圆针内固定治疗跟骨骨折患者21例,取得较好疗效。     

撬拨联合撑开复位植骨治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的克氏针撬拨联合椎体撑开器加自体骨植骨复位固定治疗Essex—Lopresti关节压缩性跟骨骨折的疗效。方法2006年12月至2011年12月选择性应用克氏针撬拨联合椎体撑开器加自体骨植骨复位固定治疗Essex—Lopresti关节压缩性跟骨骨折31例。结果术后平均随访6～9个月,均获得预期疗效,无感染及骨髓炎,骨折愈合无移位,按Maryland足部泽分系统评分,有14例,良11例,中6例优良率80．6％。结论采用克氏针撬拨联合椎体撑开器加自体骨植骨对Essex—Lopresti关节压缩性跟骨骨折进行复位固定治疗是值得推广和应用的微创手术方法。     

撬拨复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的 探讨跟骨关节内骨折手术复位技术及内固定方法.方法 对波及距下关节的跟骨关节内骨折48例(52足)采用切开克氏针撬拨复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗.结果 获得6～30个月的随访,骨折均获得骨性愈合,术后Bohler角得到良好恢复,根据Fernandez评分标准,优良率87％.结论 采用克氏针撬拨复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折,具有疗效可靠、操作简单、创伤小、手术时间短、出血少的特点,能有效预防各种并发症,是治疗跟骨关节内骨折的良好方法.     

经皮撬拨复位穿针法治疗跟骨关节内骨折

跟骨骨折临床上较常见,常为高处坠落后所致,约占全身骨折的2%,60%～75%的跟骨骨折累及距下关节面,目前治疗方法较多,我们随访了自1998年1月-2004年7月采用透视下经皮撬拨加手法复位加克氏针经皮内固定方法治疗跟骨关节内骨折33例38足,疗效满意,现总结报告如下.     

经皮克氏针撬拨复位固定治疗跟骨骨折

跟骨骨折是临床常见的足部骨折之一，尤其是波及距下关节的跟骨骨折，若不能得到良好而稳定的骨折复位固定，易出现长期肿胀、疼痛、行走困难，甚至遗留严重的后遗症。我院于1999年3月—2002年4月共收治跟骨骨折42例，均采用克氏针撬拨复位固定治疗，疗效显著，现报告如下。     

克氏针撬拨复位内固定治疗跟骨骨折28例

目的总结克氏针撬拨复位内固定治疗跟骨骨折的疗效。方法2005年11月至2008年12月收治骨折患者28例。其中男19例,女9例,年龄最大53岁,最小17岁。回顾分析其临床资料,并进行总结。结果全部病例术后随访最长2年3个月,最短8个月均骨性愈合,足外形、走路、穿鞋均未见明显异常。结论克氏针撬拨复位内固定治疗涉及关节面的简单跟骨骨折有满意疗效。     

Biologic fixation

One of the major problems of implant surgery is the failure of the bone-cement interface. Because of such failures, observed with increasing frequency with the passage of time, biologic fixation of total joint implants by means of bone ingrowth has become the focus of considerable interest among orthopedic surgeons. Actual bone ingrowth has been demonstrated into porous metals, resulting in a strong interface between metal and bone. Many clinical trials of biologic fixation, including endoprostheses and total hip, shoulder, and knee prostheses, are being conducted. The brief experience of such fixation in humans supports the hypothesis that bone ingrowth will provide stable fixation for load-bearing prostheses. Many questions remain to be answered about biologic fixation and the burden that falls upon the clinical scientist to identify the proper niche for this process in the care of the musculoskeletal patient.     

Biological fixation of subtrochanteric fractures by external fixation

Fifty-one subtrochanteric fractures have been stabilized by external fixation over the last 9 years. Union occurred in all types of fractures, usually within 6 months. Soft tissue interposition led to non-union in three patients. Refracture in one patient and significant limb-length discrepancy in two patients was seen. The technique is versatile, easily reproducible and ‘biological’. Protected weight-bearing is not necessary after removal.     

Method of fracture fixation using external fixation devices

An improvement of the results of treatment can be reached, beside respecting the indication of external fixateurs, with correct tactics of the treatment. Because of the disadvantages of the fixateur externe, we strive to restrict their use, to the time by all means necessary, and if possible to use other methods of fixation. This is motivated especially by the effect on fracture healing and the hindering of the movements and activity of the patient.     

External fixation

Summary The conclusion from the above clinical and experimental presentation is that stabilization by using external fixation in problematic cases is the method of choice because the risk of infection is better than by using the standard methods of plating and nailing.Using external fixation based on the tubular system of ASIF we can achieve rigid stability. Correct application allows early mobilization ensuring alignment even in bone defects. This method of treatment also facilitates the care of wounds.Our experimental and clinical information provides us with the opportunity to offer a systematic classification of each individual type of external fixation and its merits, as described above in types I, II, and III and its application in different situations.Our clinical experience also shows that external fixation has greatly reduced the risk of amputation in these problematic cases, but it has not solved all the problems associated with the primary injury.The advantage of the three-dimensional external fixation type III can also be seen in the case of arthrodesis of the knee joint. Here there is a better neutralization of the bending moment, than by using type II.Finally we would like to emphasize that the external fixation is not the panacea for every problematic case and each surgeon should be well aware of its methodical and correct application, as abuse of external fixation may lead to secondary complications.

---

Zusammenfassung Die Osteosynthese mit dem Fixateur exteren bietet ein Behandlungsverfahren für klinische Problemfälle, bei denen sich aus der lokalen Schädigung oder einer sekundär aufgetretenen Komplikation ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Nagel- oder Plattenosteosynthese ableiten läßt.Mit dem Rohrfixateur externe der AO kann in den meisten Fällen Übungsstabilität erzielt werden, bei offenen und bei infizierten Frakturen ist die Weichteilbehandlung erleichtert.Auf Grund klinisch-experimenteller Untersuchungen schlagen wir eine Klassifizierung der Anwendungsformen der Fixateur-externe-Osteosynthese vor, unterscheiden in Typ I, II, III und zeigen die entsprechenden Indikationen auf.Die Fixateur-externe-Osteosynthese hat bei klinischen Problemfällen die Amputationsgefahr verringert.Auch für die Kniearthrodese empfehlen wir die Anwendungsform Typ III, mit der gegenüber Typ II das ventral auftretende Biegemoment durch Neutralisiexung der Zugkräfte nicht zur Auswirkung kommt.Die Fixateur-externe-Osteosynthese erfordert eine korrekte Technik und wie jede andere Osteosynthese die Beachtung der Regeln der Asepsis.