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1.
《消化外科》2002,1(1):33-36
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近年来研究发现DNA修复基因突变引起DNA错配修复系统的功能降低或丧失 ,从而引起遗传物质不稳定 ,主要表现为微卫星不稳定性 ,进而导致肿瘤的发生。我们采用PCR技术对 48例散发性结肠直肠癌检测了错配修复基因hmsh3、hmsh6和 4个位点的微卫星不稳定性 ,现将结果报告如下。1.材料与方法 :(1)临床资料 :我院1997~ 1998年经手术切除的新鲜结、直肠癌标本 48例 ,其中男女各 2 4例 ;年龄2 6~ 72岁 ,平均 5 3岁 ;结肠癌 2 9例 (右半结肠癌 15例 ,左半结肠癌 14例 ) ,直肠癌 19例 ;高分化癌 19例 ,中分化癌 2 2例 ,低分化癌 7例…  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨散发性结直肠癌CpG岛甲基子表型和基因组不稳定性的关系。方法对采用甲基化特异性PCR的方法对71例散发性结直肠癌组织进行P14^ARF、hMLH1、P16^INK4a、MGMT和MINT1共5个基因启动子甲基化的检测,确定CpG岛甲基子表型;选择BAT25和BAT26两个位点进行微卫星不稳定检测和流式细胞术检测分析倍体类型;分析散发性结直肠癌中CpG岛甲基子表型和微卫星不稳定、染色体不稳定的关系。结果全组结直肠癌组织中CpG岛甲基子表型的阳性率为21.1%(15/71);微卫星不稳定的阳性率为9.9%(7/71);异倍体的阳性率为73.5%(50/68)。CpG岛甲基子表型阳性者,微卫星不稳定的阳性率高于阴性者(20.0%vs7.1%),但差异无统计学意义(P=0.158)。hMLH1基因启动子甲基化阳性者微卫星不稳定的比例为57.1%,高于阴性者的4.7%(P=0.001)。CpG岛甲基子表型阳性者二倍体的比例高于阴性者(61.5%vs.18.2%,P=0.003)。结论CpG岛甲基子表型阳性的散发性结直肠癌具有显著的二倍体倾向,多基因同时甲基化和染色体不稳定可能是两种相互独立的基础性发病机制。  相似文献   

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5.
微卫星不稳定性结直肠癌分子病理特征及hMLH1基因甲基化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
结直肠癌的发生是一个涉及多基因、多途径的过程,被认为是多个控制生长和分化位点基因突变累积的结果。目前认为结直肠癌形成的主要途径有两条。  相似文献   

6.
肝癌bcl-2基因异常及与p53蛋白表达的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为探讨bcl-2和p53基因与肝细胞癌的关系,采用半套式原位聚台酶链反应和免疫组化技术原位检测40例肝细胞癌中bcl-2/JH融合基因、bcl-2蛋白及突变型p53蛋白的表达。结果显示40例肝细胞癌中6例bcl-2蛋白阳性,发生bcl-2基因重排10例,25例p53蛋白阳性,bcl-2蛋白表达与bcl-2/JH融合基因间无相互相对应关系。p53蛋白与bcl-2蛋白表达及bcl-2基因重排间无明显关系。结果说明,bcl-2和p53基因均与肝细胞癌的发生有一定关系。bcl-2/JH融合基因不是引起bcl-2蛋白表达的唯一原因。bcl-2和p53基因在肝细胞癌变过程中无协同作用。  相似文献   

7.
Jin HY  Cui L  Meng RG  Liu F  Yan YD  Ding YJ  Yao H  Fu CG  Yu DH 《中华外科杂志》2003,41(11):809-811
目的 探讨hMLH1及hMSH2蛋白免疫组化结合微卫星不稳定性检测在遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌家系筛选中的敏感性、特异性及临床应用价值。方法 对12例符合Amsterdam标准的HNPCC患者和16例散发性结直肠癌患者的肿瘤标本进行hMLH1及hMSH2蛋白免疫组化检查和微卫星不稳定性检测。结果 hMLH1及hMSH2蛋白免疫组化筛选HNPCC家系的敏感性为91.7%,特异性为87.5%;微卫星不稳定性检测的敏感性为100%,特异性为75.0%;两者结合敏感性为91.7%,特异性为93.8%。结论 hMLH1及hMSH2蛋白免疫组化结合微卫星不稳定性检测筛选HNPCC家系敏感性和特异性明显提高,而且方法简单、经济,适合在临床广泛应用。  相似文献   

8.
P53蛋白阳性表达与结直肠癌的临床分期及预后评估   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
近年来,P53蛋白在人类结直肠癌的阳性表达已得到证实,普遍认为结直肠癌中抑癌基因p53的突变、功能减退与P53蛋白的异常堆积密切相关,但其临床价值及对预后的意义仍存在争论。本文检测307例结直肠癌的P53蛋白,分析其与临床分期及预后的相关性,旨在探讨P53蛋白在结直肠癌中的临床价值。材料与方法本院1999年1月至2001年6月共收治325例结直肠癌病人,其中307例进行肿瘤切除术。男158例,女149例;年龄19~91岁,平均60.31岁,按年龄将病人分为青年组(<40岁,38例)、中老年组(40~70岁,176例)和老年组(>70岁,93例)。切取的肿瘤…  相似文献   

9.
目的观察SMAD4基因在散发性结直肠癌中的突变,并探讨其对散发性结直肠癌发生发展的意义。方法对本院83例散发性结直肠癌患者,应用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR—SSCP)分析癌组织中SMAD4基因各外显子的突变情况,基因突变率与临床病理参数间采用,检验;应用多态性微卫星标记研究SMAD4基因所在18q21区的杂合性缺失。结果SMAD4基因在83例散发性结肠癌的患者中共有9例发生突变,平均突变率为10.8%。经Χ^2检验SMAD4基因突变率在肿瘤的Dukes分期及有无远处转移间差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),而与肿瘤的分化程度、发生部位及患者的性别差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。18q21区的杂合性缺失率为62.71%,其中发生突变的9例均存在18q21区的杂合性缺失。结论SMAD4基因的突变可能介导了散发性结直肠癌后期的发生发展。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨微卫星不稳定性(MSI)检测在遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌(HNPCC)家系遴选中敏感性、特异性及临床应用的价值。方法 对12例符合Amsterdam标准的HNPCC患和16例散发性结直肠癌患的肿瘤标本进行微卫星不稳定性检测。结果 若将高微卫星不稳定性(MSI-H)及低微卫星不稳定性(MSI-L)的结直肠癌患作为HNPCC家系的诊断标准,其敏感性为100%,特异性为75%,正确率为81%;若仅将MSI-H的结直肠癌患作为HNPCC家系的诊断标准,其敏感性为100%,特异性为94%,正确率为95%。结论 微卫星不稳定性检测遴选HNPCC家系敏感性和特异性较高,而且两简单、经济,适合在临床广泛应用。  相似文献   

11.
散发性大肠癌微卫星不稳定及hMSH2基因突变研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的了解散发性大肠癌微卫星不稳定及其hMSH2基因突变情况。方法用6个微卫星位点标记,PCR法检测微卫星不稳定性(microsatelliteinstabilty,MI),银集PCR-SSCP法检测hMSH2基因5、7、8、12、13、15外显子突变。结果60例大肠癌中,微卫星改变总的发生率为50%(30/60);20例(3333%)表现微卫星不稳定性,其中4例同时有杂合性缺失(lossofheterozygosityLOH),DNA复制错误(RER)阳性11例(1833%);14例(233%)检测到LOH。8例微卫星不稳定性大肠癌组织检测到第5外显子杂合性突变,而未发现胚系突变。结论散发性大肠癌中微卫星不稳定是一个常见的分子事件,与hMSH2基因胚系突变无关,可能为体细胞性突变或/和缺失所致。  相似文献   

12.
MDM2/p53 protein expression in the development of colorectal adenocarcinoma   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The murine double minutes 2 (MDM2) oncoprotein inhibits p53-mediated tumor suppression. MDM2 has been shown to be overexpressed in sarcomas and more recently was implicated in the pathogenesis of carcinomas. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression pattern of MDM2 in adenomas and colorectal adenocarcinomas and decide whether there is a correlation between MDM2 and p53 protein status. Paraffin-embedded tissues from 52 colorectal cancer (CRC) specimens and their adjacent normal tissue (N-CRC) were studied. In addition, 56 sporadic adenomas were investigated for the immunohistochemical expression of MDM2 and p53 proteins. Immunoreactivity of p53 indicating p53 gene mutation (p53 +) was significantly higher in CRC (44%) compared to adenomas (23.2%) (P <0.01). None of the N-CRC specimens expressed the immunoreactive p53 protein. MDM2 overexpression (MDM2+) was similar in adenomas (30.3%) and CRC (25%), but only 2 (3.8%) of 52 N-CRC specimens showed overexpression of MDM2. In most cases MDM2 expression was associated with negative p53 expression (wild-type p53) in both adenomas (r = 0.59, P <0.001) and CRC (r = 0.69, P <0.0001). No correlation was found between MDM2, p53 expression, and either the histologic grade, nodal stage or morphology of the tumors. There is greater p53 mutation in CRC compared to adenomas and N-CRC. The data indicate that MDM2 is overexpressed in CRC and is significantly associated with wild-type p53 compared to N-CRC specimens from the same patient. The MDM2 expression pattern is similar in adenomas and CRC, which may suggest that MDM2 overexpression is an early event in the progression of CRC. Supported by a grant from The Methodist Hospital Foundation, Houston, Tex. Presented at the Fortieth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Orlando, Fla., May 16–19, 1999.  相似文献   

13.
MLH1 promoter hypermethylation has been described as the primary mechanism for high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) in sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs). The underlying molecular mechanism for microsatellite instability (MSI) in synchronous and metachronous CRCs is not well described. A total of 33 metachronous CRC patients and 77 synchronous CRC patients were identified from 2884 consecutive patients undergoing cancer surgery in an academic center. Evaluable tumors were tested for MSI, immunohistochemistry for MLH1 and MSH2 protein expression, and hypermethylation of the MLH1 promoter. MSI-H tumors were found in 12 (36%) metachronous CRC patients and 29 (38%) synchronous CRC patients. MSI-H metachronous CRC patients were younger at index cancer diagnosis (64 vs. 76 years, P = 0.01) and more often were diagnosed before 50 years of age (4 of 12 vs. 0 of 29, P = 0.005). Loss of MLH1 expression associated with promoter hypermethylation was common in all patients, although more common in MSI-H synchronous patients (50% metachronous vs. 83% synchronous, P = 0.03). Overall, MLH1 promoter hypermethylation was seen in 7 of 17 (41%) metachronous and 44 of 54 (81%) synchronous MSI-H CRCs tested (P = 0.004). Although MSI occurred with equal frequency among patients with synchronous and metachronous CRCs, the underlying mechanism for MSI was different. Observed differences in MLH1 promoter hypermethylation and patient characteristics suggest most MSI-H synchronous CRCs in our population were sporadic in origin. In contrast, more MSI-H metachronous CRCs were associated with patient and tumor characteristics suggestive of underlying hereditary nonpolyposis CRC. Presented as a poster at Digestive Disease Week 2001, Atlanta, Georgia, May 20–23, 2001.  相似文献   

14.
目的 研究错配修复基因hMSH3和hMSH6在散发性结直肠癌发生中的作用。方法 应用放射性同位素为基础的PCR技术 ,检测了 4 8例散发性结直肠癌和 2 0例癌旁组织中hMSH3和hMSH6基因的突变。结果 hMSH3和hMSH6在散发性结直肠癌中的突变率分别为 5 / 4 8(10 .4 % )和12 / 4 8(2 5 % ) ,在癌旁组织中未见突变。结论 错配修复基因hMSH3和hMSH6参与了部分散发性结直肠癌的发生过程  相似文献   

15.
目的:研究p53基因在遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌(HNPCC)中的表达,以了解其在HNPCC发病中的作用。方法:标本取自13个严格符合Amsterdam标准的HNPCC家系的22例大肠癌、10例良性肠道病变及20例散发性大肠癌病人的肿瘤组织石蜡切片。采用免疫组化方法进行p53基因表达研究,其结果应用SPSS10.0软件进行分析。结果:63.7%的HNPCC病人中p53免疫组化呈阴性表达,仅27.2%呈阳性表达,说明在HNPCC病人中p53多呈野生型存在;而在散发性大肠癌中,90%病人p53呈阳性表达,两组比较,差异有显著性。结论:p53的变异在HNPCC发病中可能不起主导地位。p53阴性的大肠癌病例应进一步随访研究其是否属HNPCC家系。  相似文献   

16.
目的探讨基因p53与bcl-2在喉鳞癌中的表达及它们的关系,以及它们在喉癌发生、发展中的作用。方法应用免疫组化法测定110例喉鳞癌标本及20例正常黏膜中p53和bcl-2的表达。结果正常黏膜几乎不表达p53及bcl-2,它们在喉鳞癌标本中表达率分别为62.7%和47.3%,p53表达和淋巴结转移情况相关,bcl-2和病理分级、淋巴结转移情况相关;p53和bcl-2表达呈正相关。结论p53和bcl-2关系密切,在喉癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,有望作为早期诊断的指标基因治疗靶点。  相似文献   

17.
大肠重复癌MMR、p53、Bax、PCNA表达及微卫星不稳定性研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的探讨微卫星不稳定性 (MSI)在大肠重复癌与单发癌中的变化规律 ,及MMR、p5 3、Bax、PCNA表达与MSI的关系。 方法采用免疫组化、PCR SSLP法对 38例大肠重复癌患者的 5 1处癌灶及 35例单发大肠癌分别进行MMR、p5 3、Bax、PCNA表达的检测和 5个微卫星位点MSI检测。结果重复癌组复制错误阳性率为 5 3% (2 7/ 5 1) ,单发癌组为 17% (6 / 35 ) ,差异有显著性意义 (χ2 =11 2 5 ,P <0 0 1)。重复癌组中 ,RER 与MMR表达缺失有密切的相关性 ;RER 与 p5 3表达呈负相关 ;RER 组PCNA标记指数显著低于RER-组 ;RER 与低分化、近端大肠癌密切相关。结论MSI在大肠重复癌的发生上起着重要作用 ,MSI可作为预测大肠重复癌发生的重要标志。  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨微卫星不稳定(MSI)对散发性结直肠癌预后的影响.方法 收集2004年8月至2006年9月南京中医药大学第三附属医院手术治疗并具有完整随访资料的134例结直肠癌病例,根据MSI检测结果 将其分成MSI组和微卫星稳定(MSS)组.采用单因素和多因素预后分析来评估MSI的预后价值.结果 134例患者中MSI组26例,MSS组108例.两组患者术后复发率分别为7.7%(2/26)和35.2%(38/108),差异有统计学意义(P=0.006);两组患者5年生存率分别为92.3%和63.5%,差异亦有统计学意义(P=0.016).经多因素分析,MSI为结直肠癌患者的独立预后因素(P=0.029).结论 微卫星不稳定是影响散发性结直肠癌患者预后的重要因素.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the role of microsatellite instability (MSI) in Chinese sporadic coloretal cancer. Methods A total of 146 patients with colorectal cancer were treated surgically from August 2004 to September 2006 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Data were collected prospectively. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed for parameters such as age, gender, tumor location, differentiation, MSI, tumor type, lymph node metastasis,TNM stage, and survival. Results Follow-up was available in 134 patients including telephone call and office visit. MSI(P=0.029), tumor type (P=0.000), TNM stage (P=0.000) were independently associated with survival on Cox regression model. There were 26 patients with MSI, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 100% , 92.3% , and 92.3% , respectively. The remaining 108 patients had microsatellite stable tumor, and the 1-, 3-, and 5year survival rates were 96.3% , 72.2% , and 63.5% , respectively. The difference was statistically significant(P=0.016). Conclusion Microsatellite instability is an important factor associated with patient survival in Chinese sporadic colorectal cancer.  相似文献   

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