2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与尿微量白蛋白的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化与尿微量白蛋白的关系。方法收集109例2005年至2008年在本院住院的2型糖尿病患者,采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪10MHz高频探头检测患者双侧颈动脉,按超声检查结果分为4组：颈动脉正常组30例[双侧颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）〈0．9mm];颈动脉内膜增厚组30例（0．9mm≤CIMT≤1．3mm）;稳定斑块组23例（斑块呈强回声,伴或不伴声影）;不稳定斑块组26例（斑块呈略低回声,内部或周边／有强回声附着）。同时测定血肌酐、空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）、尿微量白蛋白（MAU）,记录血压并计算体质量指数,比较四组患者MAU的差异。结果各组年龄、性别、体质量指数、血压、血肌酐比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,MAU值各组与CIMT〈0．9mm组间差异有显著性（P〈0．01）,尤其是不稳定斑块组与正常组差异最显著（P〈0．01）,不稳定斑块组与稳定斑块组、内膜增厚组,稳定斑块组与内膜增厚组差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,不稳定斑块组与正常组在病程、FPG、Hba1C、TC、TG、LDL、HDL比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,稳定斑块组与内膜增厚组除TC、MAU差异有统计学意义外（P〈0．05）,其余指标差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论2型糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化程度与尿微量白蛋白水平呈正相关,MAU可预测2型糖尿病患者心血管疾病的风险。     

LDL、Hcy、D-二聚体及颈动脉粥样硬化与急性缺血性脑卒中相关性研究

目的 研究LDL、Hcy、D-二聚体及颈动脉粥样硬化与急性缺血性脑卒中的相关性。方法 选取我院2016年12月~2018年12月急性缺血性脑卒中患者57例作为研究组,比较不同NIHSS评分患者LDL、Hcy、D-二聚体水平及颈动脉不稳定斑块比例情况;同时选取正常体检者52例作为对照组,比较两组LDL、Hcy、D-二聚体、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）及颈动脉不稳定斑块例数。结果 研究组患者LDL（4.11±0.42）mmol/L、Hcy（23.29±4.34）μmol/L、D-二聚体（1.62±0.38）mg/L均高于对照组的（3.05±0.37）mmol/L、（7.78±4.15）μmol/L、（0.25±0.05）mg/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组颈动脉粥样硬化及颈动脉不稳定斑块者多于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;NIHSS评分＞10分的患者的LDL、Hcy、D-二聚体水平均高于NIHSS评分≤10分的患者,且评分高的颈动脉不稳定斑块的比例高于评分低的患者,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 LDL、Hcy、D-二聚体升高及颈动脉粥样硬化对于诊断急性缺血性脑卒中具有极高的临床价值,能反映患者病情的严重程度,对于临床诊断及治疗具有重要意义。     

超声对糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化程度评价

目的 利用超声技术评价Ⅱ型糖尿病人颈动脉硬化程度.方法 测定72例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)及斑块形成情况,并与健康组对照.结果 Ⅱ型糖尿病组颈动脉IMT(1.2±0.11) mm较正常组(0.76±0.16) mm明显增厚;斑块检出率为69%,较正常组检出率15%明显增高.结论 Ⅱ型糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化斑块形成情况明显高于正常组,利用超声检测可早期评价Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的硬化情况,并指导临床诊断及治疗.     

颈动脉斑块、血同型半胱氨酸及血尿酸对短暂性脑缺血 发作进程的影响研究

目的 探讨不同病程短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）患者血清同型半胱氨酸（HCY）、血清尿酸（UA）含量的变化及临床意义。方法 选取2013年6月~2017年6月在我院神经内科住院的患者80例,根据TIA最终是否进展为脑梗死分为A组（TIA未进展为脑梗死者）和B组（TIA在24~48 h经头颅CT或MRA检查证实有脑梗死发生者）,每组40例。另选取同期我院40例健康体检者作为对照组。所有患者及健康体检者均行血清同型半胱氨酸及血清尿酸水平并进行分析,其中A、B两组分别行颈动脉超声检查,并对两组患者颈动脉斑块性质进行比较。结果 B组患者血同型半胱氨酸和血尿酸水平均高于A组和对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;A组血同型半胱氨酸和血尿酸水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。A组检出硬斑块15例,软斑块10例;B组检出硬斑块10例,软斑块25例;B组颈动脉软斑块检出率为62.50%,高于A组的25.00%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 血同型半胱氨酸和血尿酸水平升高及颈动脉斑块尤其是不稳定斑块可能是TIA患者的危险因素,也是TIA患者早期展为脑梗死的重要危险因素。早期发现血同型半胱氨酸、血尿酸水平升高及颈动脉斑块可作为TIA患者的病情评估依据,并对TIA患者是否进一步进展为脑梗死具有一定的预测作用,故可进行早期干预,进而预防TIA患者进一步进展为脑梗死。     

脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块、内中膜厚度与左心室纵向功能改变的相关性

目的:研究脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块、内中膜厚度(IMT)与左心室纵向功能改变的相关性.方法:选取 2020 年 11 月-2021 年 10 月 150 例脑梗死患者,对其行超声心动图、颈动脉超声检查.根据颈动脉检查结果,以IMT检测厚度分为正常组(IMT＜1.0 mm)、IMT增厚组(IMT在1.0～1.2 mm)与斑块形成组(IMT≥1.2 mm),分别为 63 例、50例、37 例;研究对象均行超声心动图检查,比较三组心室收缩期末左心房内径(LAD)、二尖瓣口舒张早期与晚期峰值流速比(E/A)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、二尖瓣环收缩峰值速度(Sa)左心室参数值,Logistic回归分析IMT厚度影响因素,Pearson法分析心动图参数与IMT厚度的相关性.结果:三组性别、BMI差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),斑块形成组的年龄与病程大于IMT厚度正常组与IMT增厚组(P＜0.05).斑块形成组LAD高于IMT增厚组与厚度正常组,E/A、LVEF、FS、Sa低于IMT增厚组与厚度正常组,且IMT增厚组参数值差于IMT厚度正常组(P＜0.05).多因素结果显示,LAD、E/A、LVEF、FS、Sa值为影响IMT厚度的影响因素(P＜0.05).Pearson相关性分析显示,IMT增厚、斑块形成与LAD值呈正相关(P＜0.05),与E/A、LVEF、FS、Sa值呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论:左心室纵向功能变化为脑梗死患者颈动脉IMT增厚与斑块形成的影响因素,与病情严重程度密切相关.     

2型糖尿病合并亚临床甲减患者血脂及颈动脉内膜中层厚度的变化

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并亚临床甲状腺功能减退(SCH)患者血脂谱及颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT)的改变.方法:选择2型糖尿病并甲状腺功能正常(EUT)40例患者为T2DM+EUT组,2型糖尿病合并亚临床甲减患者38例为T2DM+SCH组,比较两组患者的血脂谱及颈动脉内膜中层厚度.结果:T2DM+SCH组与T2DM+EUT组比较,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)增高而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)降低,CIMT增厚,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).LDL-C、TC及CIMT与促甲状腺激素(TSH)呈正线性相关.结论:SCH可加重T2DM患者血脂谱的紊乱程度,T2DM合并SCH促使CIMT明显增厚,由此增加糖尿病患者发生动脉粥样硬化及血栓性疾病的风险.     

糖代谢异常者臂-踝脉搏波传导速度与颈动脉内膜中层厚度的变化

目的 研究糖调节功能正常、糖调节功能减低和糖尿病患者中,颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)及臂-踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)的变化,探讨其与糖尿病早期动脉粥样硬化的关系.方法 收集糖尿病患者42例、糖调节功能减低者45例、正常对照者30例的临床资料,每例均采用全自动动脉硬化仪测定baPWV及超声检测IMT,将三组的数据进行比较分析.结果 从正常对照者、糖调节功能减低者至糖尿病患者,随着糖代谢异常程度的加重,颈动脉内膜中层逐渐增厚(P＜0.05),baPWV逐渐升高(P＜0.05).结论 在糖代谢异常的早期baPWV与IMT即发生明显改变,二者对筛查糖尿病动脉粥样硬化并发症有一定的价值.     

男性代谢综合征人群中血液生物指标和颈总动脉超声参数的相关研究

目的 探索男性代谢综合征(MS)人群中颈总动脉内膜中层厚度(CC-IMT)的独立危险因素,并初步建立CC-IMT增厚的最佳二分类方程.方法 回顾性分析了行颈动脉B超检查的109例男性MS患者和44名男性健康对照者的多项指标水平.结果 代谢综合征组的颈总动脉D显著增大(P＜0.05),而Vmean显著降低(P＜0.01)...     

彩色多普勒超声对颈动脉粥样硬化与脑梗死的相关性分析

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化与脑梗死的关系。方法应用彩色多普勒超声检测82例脑梗死患者和46例非脑梗死患者颈动脉内-中膜厚度（intima-media thickness,IMT）、斑块检出率、管腔狭窄率,并观察斑块性质。结果脑梗死组斑块检出率及颈动脉内膜厚度较对照组明显增加,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,脑梗死组斑块检出率（70.7%）明显高于对照组（32.6%）;脑梗死组颈总动脉（CCA）内膜厚度（1.38±0.14）明显高于对照组（0.89±0.16）,脑梗死组颈内动脉（ICA）内膜厚度（1.16±0.27）明显高于对照组（0.78±0.17）。斑块多发生于颈动脉分叉处（44.4%）,以软斑块、溃疡斑块（59.2%）居多。结论颈动脉粥样硬化程度与脑梗死的发病关系密切,彩超评估颈动脉粥样硬化程度,对脑梗死的早期预防和治疗具有重要的临床价值。     

糖尿病患者颈动脉血管超声检测

目的应用彩色多普勒超声检测糖尿病患者颈动脉结构改变。方法应用高频探头对54例糖尿病患者，40例非糖尿痛患者的颈动脉进行超声检测，并对比分析相关内容。结果糖尿病组颈动脉内膜厚度较非糖尿病组增加，斑块发生率增加。结论高频超声可以早期发现糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化，其发病率及发生率均高于正常组。     

中青年冠状动脉粥样硬化患者颈动脉硬化的超声特征

目的 探讨中青年冠状动脉粥样硬化（CHD）患者颈动脉超声特征。方法 根据冠状动脉造影结果,将我院170例患者分为CHD组105例和对照组65例,再将CHD组分为单支病变组32例、双支病变组34例和三支病变组39例。所有患者年龄均在60岁以下,全部受检者行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查,运用统计软件分析所检测的颈动脉声像图参数。结果 中青年冠状动脉粥样硬化患者颈动脉斑块60%为中低回声斑块。CHD组颈动脉内中膜厚度、IMT增厚率及斑块检出率均高于对照组,三支病变组斑块检出率高于单支病变组,颈动脉IMT情况与     

Retinol binding protein 4 correlates with and is an early predictor of carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

The association of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) with atherosclerosis of the carotid artery in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains undefined. We aimed to investigate the correlation of RBP4 expression with atherosclerosis of the carotid artery in T2DM. A total of 1,076 subjects were investigated for intima-media thickness of the bilateral common carotid arteries, and they were divided into three groups: in group I, patients had normal neck vascular ultrasound, in group II, intimal carotid artery media thickness was equal to or more than 1 mm, and in group III, carotid artery plaque was present. Height, weight, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] were determined by routine laboratory methods. RBP4 and high sensitivity C reactive protein (HsCRP) were measured by an enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay, and insulin concentration was measured by an electrochemiluminescence sandwich immunoassay. Duration of diabetes, waist and BP, FPG, HbA1c, TG, TC, LDL-C, APOB, Lp(a), HsCRP, RBP4 and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were significantly lower in group I than in the other two groups (P<0.01, P<0.01). Plasma levels of HbA1c, RBP4, LDL-C, TC, HOMA-IR, HsCRP and Lp(a), waist and BP were significantly increased in group III than in group II (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were seven factors associated with the occurrence of carotid artery atherosclerosis and its risks in descending order were: high LDL-C, high waist, high HsCRP, duration of diabetes, high HOMA-IR, HbA1c and high RBP4. Our finding supported that RBP4 was positively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM and could be used as an early predictor of cardiovascular disease.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病与血尿酸水平测定及其临床意义

目的 探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）与血尿酸水平的关系。方法 选取在我院常规体检的2666例成人,其中经腹部彩超诊断为脂肪肝者为NAFLD组共603例,无脂肪肝者为非NAFLD组共2063例。根据BMI将其分为肥胖组290例及非肥胖组2376例。回顾性分析研究对象的年龄、血压、UA、FBG、TC、TG、LDL、GDL等临床指标。结果 NAFLD组的年龄、收缩压、舒张压、UA、FBG、TC、TG、LDL均高于非NAFLD组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;而NAFLD组的HDL水平低于非NAFLD组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肥胖组的年龄、收缩压、舒张压、UA、FBG、TC、TG、LDL均高于非肥胖组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;而肥胖组的HDL水平低于非肥胖组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。在肥胖组中,血尿酸水平与是否发生NAFLD无明显相关关系（r=0.095,P=0.107）,而在非肥胖组中,血尿酸水平与是否发生NAFLD呈正相关关系（r=0.229,P=0.000）。结论 在非肥胖人群中,高尿酸血症可作为NAFLD的独立危险因素,为临床上NAFLD的治疗提供一定的实用价值。     

Arterial abnormalities in the offspring of patients with premature myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Findings from epidemiologic and autopsy studies suggest that the offspring of patients with premature coronary disease may be at increased risk for atherosclerosis. We undertook a study to determine whether changes in brachial-artery reactivity and thickness of the carotid intima and media, two markers of early atherosclerosis, are present in adolescents and young adults with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction. METHODS: We enrolled 40 healthy young people whose parents had had premature myocardial infarction (48 percent male; mean [+/-SD] age, 19.0+/-5.2 years) and 40 control subjects who were matched with the first group according to age and sex. All the subjects underwent high-resolution B-mode ultrasound examinations for the measurement of the brachial-artery vasodilatory response after arterial occlusion (i.e., reactive hyperemia) and the intima-media thickness of the distal common carotid arteries. Lipid profiles, blood pressure while at rest, body-mass index, and smoking status were also determined. RESULTS: As compared with the control subjects, the offspring of patients with premature myocardial infarction had lower flow-mediated reactivity of the brachial arteries (5.7+/-5.0 percent, vs. 10.2+/-6.6 percent in the control subjects; P=0.001) and greater mean intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (0.49+/-0.08 mm, vs. 0.44+/-0.07 mm in the control subjects, P=0.004). In the subjects with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction, an inverse association was found between brachial-artery reactivity and carotid intima-media thickness (r=-0.46, P=0.003). In a conditional logistic-regression analysis, both brachial-artery reactivity and carotid intima-media thickness were significantly and independently correlated with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS: Structural and functional changes are present at an early age in the arteries of persons with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction.     

Role of Vitamin D in Intima Media Thickness in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Increased carotid intima media thickness indicates subclinical atherosclerosis. We evaluated the relation between vitamin D level and intima media thickness in patients with type 1 DM. 93 patients (female/male: 48/45, aged 31.5 ± 11.9 years, A1c 9.48 ± 2.43, vitamin D [15.9 (12.1–19.2)]) with type 1 DM were included into the study. Common carotid artery IMT was measured by real time B mode ultrasonography (MyLab 70 XVG, Esaote SpA, Genoa, Italy). Vitamin D was measured using radioimmunassay. Male and female patients (n = 14, 15%) had similar rates of plaque presence (p = 0.377). IMT was similar according to gender. IMT [0.45 (0.40–0.50)] was positively correlated with age, duration of diabetes, creatinine, LDL/HDL ratio, and ALP. Median IMT was higher in current smokers, patients with retinopathy, and nephropathy, and overweight/obese patients. IMT was not different according to vitamin D status. However calcium level corrected for albumin was in positive correlation with mean IMT (r = 0.221, p = 0.033). We detected high frequency of vitamin D deficiency (78%) defined as less than 20 ng/ml. Vitamin D and diabetes control defined as A1c have no effect on intima media thickness in type 1 DM. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors including age, duration of DM, smoking, and BMI adversely affect intima media thickness.     

辛伐他汀对糖尿病高脂血症患者体内炎症水平和颈动脉斑块的影响

目的:探讨辛伐他汀对糖尿病高脂血症患者体内炎症水平和动脉斑块的影响.方法:120例2型糖尿病(DM2)合并高脂血症患者,给予控制血糖,每晚给予辛伐他汀片20mg口服,持续12周.观察患者血脂、hs-CRP、TNF-α及颈动脉斑块的变化.结果:患者经辛伐他丁治疗后血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平均较治疗前有明显降低(P<0...     

血糖波动与糖尿病大血管病变的相关研究

目的:探讨血糖波动与糖尿病动脉粥样硬化(AS)大血管病变的关系。方法:对3组不同糖耐量者进行连续3d的动态血糖监测,分析平均血糖水平(MBG)、日内平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)以及日间血糖平均绝对差(MODD);并用B型超声观察双侧颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、内膜连续性及AS积分等指标。结果:(1)与糖耐量正常(NGT)组比较,糖耐量受损(IGT)组和新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)组高血压、冠心病、中风的发生率逐渐增高,且后2组间有显著差异。(2)从NGT组到IGT组再到T2DM组,IMT、AS积分等动脉粥样硬化指标逐渐增加,差异显著。(3)动态血糖监测结果显示:IGT组和T2DM组血糖波动幅度比NGT组明显增大,以T2DM组最明显。(4)多元分析发现平均IMT和AS积分与MAGE正相关。结论:波动性高血糖与AS密切相关,血糖波动幅度大的患者发生糖尿病大血管并发症的危险性高。血糖稳态受损可能是糖尿病大血管并发症的危险因素之一。     

Duration of menopause and behavior of malondialdehyde, lipids, lipoproteins and carotid wall artery intima-media thickness.

AIM: our study assessed whether minor or major hormonal deficiency influenced oxidative status and vascular wall structure in menopausal women. METHODS: the study series was made up of 62 non hypertensive non diabetic menopausal women (mean age 52.3+/-4.7 years) divided into two groups depending on duration of menopause (group 1 duration 0-5 years; group 2 duration over 5 years). Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA) and common carotid artery wall intima-media thickness (IMT) were determined in the entire series. RESULTS: mean TC, LDL-C, TG, MDA and IMT values were higher in group 2 than group 1. The intergroup difference between MDA (P<0.007) and IMT values (P<0.006) values was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: the study revealed a close temporal correlation between plasma oxidative stress and carotid wall IMT, jeopardizes vascular wall status as menopause proceeds.     

2型糖尿病患者载脂蛋白e4等位基因与颈动脉中内膜厚度的关系

目的：了解2型糖尿病（diabetes mellitus,DM)患者载脂蛋白E（apolipoprotein E,apoE)基因型与颈动脉中内膜厚度的关系。方法：选择255例无血管并发症的2型DM患者和107名健康个体，采用聚合酶链反应等位基因特异寡核苷酸探针杂交技术检测其apoE基因型。结果：2型DM组与对照组apoE基因型及等位频率差异无显著性（P＞0．05）；两组中e4/4、e4/3亚组总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、脂蛋白（a)水平明显高于e3/2、e2/2亚组（P＜0．05）；两组中e4/4、e4/3亚组颈动脉中内膜厚度明显高于e3/2,e2/2亚组（P＜0．05）。不论在对照组还是在2型DM ，当调整总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、脂蛋白（a)、血糖、年龄、体重指数、吸烟等因素的影响后，协方差分析结果显示，颈动脉中内膜厚度在这两个基因型亚组喑差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论：不论在健康人还是在2型DM患者，e4等位基因与早期颈动脉粥样硬化关联。