过氧化氢等离子体灭菌——高效的低温灭菌解决方案

过氧化氢等离子体灭菌做为一种高效的低温灭菌解决方案,具备安全、低温、高效、无毒等优越性.     

低温等离子体在手术室腔镜器械灭菌中的应用

目的探讨低温等离子体灭菌方式对手术室腔镜器械灭菌的步骤与效果.方法采用低温等离子体灭菌器,通过适当的介质,按照规范的操作流程,包括灭菌前腔镜器械清洗、干燥、包装和腔镜器械灭菌、卸载、存放等进行操作.结果低温等离子体对腔镜器械灭菌快速、低温、无损材料基质、干式无污染、效果可靠、监测方便,满足手术室对腔镜器械灭菌的要求.腔镜器械周转快、利用率高,可大大提高腔镜手术例数,节省腔镜器械购置成本,增加医院经济效益.     

两种灭菌技术在腔镜手术中的应用

腔镜手术较传统手术具有创伤小、恢复快等优势,其临床应用越来越广泛。腔镜手术对器械的依赖程度要远大于传统手术,而腔镜手术器械的消毒灭菌又比传统手术器械复杂,这就对腔镜手术器械的消毒灭菌提出了更高的要求。近年来我们采用不同灭菌技术相结合的方法,对腔镜手术器械进行消毒灭菌,取得了较满意的效果,现报告如下。     

手术室内镜器械的清洗和灭菌方法及效果分析

目的：探讨常用手术室内镜器械的清洗灭菌方法及临床效果,以寻找最为合理有效的清洗灭菌方法。方法以我院2013年1月~2014年1月完成内镜手术后需要清洗并灭菌的180件内镜器械为研究对象,根据清洗方式不同随机平均分为两组,而依据消毒方式的差异性随机平均分为三组,比较不同清洗消毒方式的合格率。结果比较两组清洗方法的洁净程度,使用人工清洗的A组其合格率为95.56%,自动清洗的B组则为70.00%,差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较三组灭菌效果,a组合格率为85.00%,b组为60.00%,c组为100.00%,c组与a、b两组灭菌合格率比较差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人工清洗法清洗合格率高,等离子灭菌机灭菌效果佳,值得临床推广应用。     

一次性射频等离子手术电极灭菌方式的选择与验证

目的选择一次性射频等离子手术电极灭菌方式,并对灭菌效果进行验证。方法综合比较4种常用灭菌方式的特征和环境,基于一次性射频等离子手术电极材料及特性,选择环氧乙烷灭菌法进行灭菌。灭菌完成后确认一次性射频等离子手术电极的性能,并采用生物指示剂对产品微生物及环氧乙烷残留进行测试。结果采用环氧乙烷灭菌方法对一次性射频等离子手术电极进行灭菌,灭菌器内灭菌参数为:预真空度60 k Pa±5 k Pa、灭菌温度50℃±5℃、相对湿度55%RH±20%RH、灭菌压力0~5k Pa、保压时间1 min、加药计量895 g、灭菌剂作用时间6 h、排残真空度-60 k Pa±5 k Pa、排残次数3次、每次排残时间为30 min、有毒气体解吸时间为14 d。结论环氧乙烷灭菌法是针对包装后一次性射频等离子手术电极可行且有效的灭菌方法。     

腹腔镜器械的消毒与灭菌

腹腔镜技术是一种不需开腹、创伤小、痛苦轻、术后恢复快且较安全的新方法,随着腹腔镜手术的不断开展,器械的消毒灭菌已越来越受到关注;其器械消毒灭菌方法与常规器械有所不同.     

微创腔镜入路与传统入路治疗甲状腺乳头状癌的对比分析

目的:探究不同入路手术对甲状腺乳头状癌患者的疗效.方法:选取我科2018年10月至2020年10月期间收治的85例甲状腺乳头状癌患者随机分为2组.对照组42例患者接受传统颈前开放手术入路与中央淋巴结清扫术,观察组43例患者接受微创腔镜下经胸乳入路手术与中央淋巴结清扫术,对比两组患者术后指标.结果:观察组术后总缓解率大于...     

胫骨性别分级判别及其与传统方法比较

目的：为验证性别分级判别法在实际应用中的效果及提高胫骨的性别判别率,材料和方法：先抽取126侧胫骨（M68,F58）进行研究,并将其结果作为预计值,另抽取168侧胫骨（M90,F78）进行对比实验,将其结果作为实验值。结果：分级判别法的判别率多因素判别及单因素判别的最高正确判别率预计值分别为89．6％,80．2％和78．6％;实验值分别为84．5％,75．6％和73．2％,讨论：新方法无论在理论预计值上还是在实际应用中较传统方法均有较大提高;实验值较预计值的降低是由于抽样误差造成的。因此,此方法将是人类学及其相关学科研究的更有效的手段。     

低温等离子手术与传统手术对成人扁桃体切除的效果及生活质量的影响

目的:比较低温等离子及传统手术在成人扁桃体切除术中的效果及对生活质量的影响.方法:按随机数表法将80例成人慢性扁桃体炎患者分成两组,等离子组和传统手术组,每组各40人,等离子组接受低温等离子手术治疗,传统手术接受传统扁桃体剥离术.比较两组一般资料、手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分、恢复正常饮食时间、炎症水平及生活质量量表评分.结果:等离子组手术时间更短、术中出血量更少、术后疼痛评分低于传统手术组,恢复正常饮食时间短于传统手术组,等离子组炎症水平低于传统手术组,等离子组在生活质量量表中的情感职能、社会功能、精神健康、一般健康状况、生理功能及生理职能6个维度上评分与传统手术组差异无统计学意义,但在活力和躯体疼痛维度上优于传统手术组.结论:较之传统扁桃体剥离术,低温等离子扁桃体手术手术时间更短、出血量更少、疼痛更轻、恢复更快,炎症介质水平更低,生活质量优于传统扁桃体剥离术.     

经乳晕切口和经腋前线单切口腔镜辅助治疗乳腺纤维瘤的应用效果比较

目的探讨经乳晕切口和经腋前线单切口腔镜辅助治疗乳腺纤维瘤的应用效果比较。方法选择本院收治的84例乳腺纤维瘤患者作为研究对象,按照手术方式的不同分为对照组及观察组,每组各42例。对照组患者予经乳晕切口手术,观察组患者采用经腋前线单切口腔镜辅助治疗。对比两组患者临床疗效及手术结果。结果两组患者临床治疗有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者手术时间、切口长径、住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者出血量为(3.35±0.53) ml,明显少于对照组(5.44±1.24) ml;观察组患者切口至病灶远端距离为(8.84±2.52)cm,明显长于对照组(1.63±0.96)cm,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组切口至病灶远端距离≤8.0cm的患者手术时间为(22.17±7.97)min、出血量为(2.14±0.55)ml,明显低于切口至病灶远端距离8.0cm患者的(43.31±9.86)min、(4.31±1.23)ml(P0.05);两组患者切口长径、病灶长径及住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经腋前线单切口腔镜辅助治疗与经乳晕切口治疗乳腺纤维瘤效果相当,但经腋前线单切口腔镜辅助治疗出血量更少,切口位置更为隐蔽,其手术难度与切口至病灶远端距离有关,更适合乳房外侧象限病灶切除。     

Interaction of Surfactant and Initiator Types in Emulsion Polymerisations: A Comparison of Ammonium Persulfate and Hydrogen Peroxide

Summary: In emulsion polymerisation all the components of the system have an influence on the nucleation mechanisms and colloidal stability, and therefore on the final particle size distribution (PSD). The impact of the nature of the initiator (charged radicals and electrically neutral radicals) and its interaction with the composition of the surfactant system and the radical flux on d_p is studied in this paper. It was demonstrated that the influence of the nature of initiator on d_p depends on the composition of the surfactant system. No influence of the nature of the initiator on N_p (number of particles per litre) or the rate of reaction could be discerned when even trace amounts of anionic surfactant were present. But for surfactant‐free reactions or when non‐ionic surfactant (TN) was used as sole stabiliser, it was not possible to produce stable latex using electrically neutral radicals (in this case, hydroxyl radicals). Finally, the order of the semi‐continuous addition of ascorbic acid (AscA) and of hydrogen peroxide (HPO) was studied. As expected, a significant influence of the order of addition was observed in terms of the radical flux and reaction kinetics. It was demonstrated that one mole of AscA added to HPO provides more free radicals than are obtained when a mole of HPO is added to AscA.

Overall conversion vs. reaction time.     

低剂量过氧化氢预处理导致牛肺血管内皮细胞耐受过氧化氢损伤

小量过氧化氢（Ｈ２Ｏ２）预处理，能诱导牛肺动脉内皮细胞（ＢＰＡＥＣｓ）中热休克蛋白７０（ＨＳＰ７０）及ＨＳＰ７０ｍＲＮＡ增多，同时使ＢＰＡＥＣｓ获得了对大量Ｈ２Ｏ２损伤的耐受性，表现为大量Ｈ２Ｏ２所致乳酸脱氢酶释放和硫代巴比妥酸反应物含量增加及过氧化氢酶、超氧化歧化酶活性降低等变化减轻。用放线菌酮和放线菌素Ｄ分别抑制ＨＳＰ７０和ＨＳＰ７０ｍＲＮＡ的增多后，此种耐受性消失，说明小量Ｈ２Ｏ２预处理使Ｂ     

Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on Interleukin-8 Synthesis and Death of Caco-2 Cells

Intestinal epithelial cells can secrete interleukin-8 (IL-8), among other substances in response to different stimuli, which plays an important role in mucosal immune response. Above a certain concentration range, hydrogen peroxide causes cell death by necrosis or apoptosis. We investigated the time- and dose-dependent induction of IL-8 by hydrogen peroxide in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2. In addition, the changes of transepithelial electrical resistance and cell death induction in response to hydrogen peroxide were studied. Nonfilter-grown and filter-grown Caco-2 cells were employed in our experiments. Interleukin-8 synthesis was measured by ELISA. Necrosis was determined by DAPI staining of cells, apoptosis by measuring caspase-3 enzyme activity or annexin V staining. In nonfilter-grown Caco-2 cells, 1 mM of hydrogen peroxide induced the highest level of IL-8 production 24 hr after treatment. In filter-grown Caco-2 cells, IL-8 was produced only on the apical side in response to 1 mM of hydrogen peroxide. This level was 10-fold lower than that measured in nonfilter-grown Caco-2 cells 24 hr after the treatment. In filter-grown Caco-2 cells 10 mM hydrogen peroxide induced the highest IL-8 level on the apical as well as basolateral side. Transepithelial electrical resistance decreased markedly upon application of 40 mM hydrogen peroxide. Late effect of hydrogen peroxide was observed in nonfilter-grown Caco-2 cells, as 1 mM hydrogen peroxide caused necrosis after 24 hr while early-necrosis induction occurred in filter-grown cells exposed to 40 mM of hydrogen peroxide after 1 hr. Filter-grown Caco-2 cells were less sensitive to hydrogen peroxide than the nonfilter-grown ones.     

Larrea divaricata Cav (Jarilla): Production of Superoxide Anion,Hydrogen Peroxide and Expression of Zymosan Receptors

Larrea divaricata is a plant widely used in folk medicine in Argentina. This work aimed to study the mechanisms of decoction activity on the release of oxygen reactive species. Decoction increased the binding of zymosan-FITC and superoxide production. Cadmium decreased the superoxide production as well as malonate and barbital. Decoction decreased the release of hydrogen peroxide. Decoction increased the reduction of MTT but not when malonate and barbital were included. Together, decoction increased the expression of dectin-1 leading to increased superoxide production. It is possible that decoction increases the activity of peroxidase, and decreases the Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase.     

Benzoyl Peroxide/2‐Vinylpyridine Synergy in RAFT Polymerization: Synthesis of Poly(2‐vinylpyridine) with Low Dispersity at Ambient Temperature

Redox‐initiated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of 2‐vinylpyridine at room temperature without a conventional reducing agent has been realized in the presence of an oxidizing agent only, i.e., benzoyl peroxide. Well‐defined poly(2‐vinylpyridine) is obtained with a low dispersity (dispersity = M_w/M_n = 1.11) and a conversion efficiency of 41.4% after 24 h at 25 °C. The kinetics, number‐average molecular weight, and dispersities for the polymerization of 2‐vinylpyridine are investigated. The results indicate that the number‐average molecular weight of the poly(2‐vinylpyridine) increases with the monomer conversion while retaining relatively low dispersity (M_w/M_n < 1.20).

     

电视胸腔镜手术与传统手术治疗胸腺瘤的疗效比较

目的 观察电视胸腔镜手术与传统手术治疗胸腺瘤的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年12月~2019年6月在我院治疗的84例胸腺瘤患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组采用传统手术治疗,观察组采用电视胸腔镜手术治疗,比较两组临床治疗手术指标、治疗前后肺功能指标以及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组术中出血量、手术时间、下床活动时间、切口长度、术后引流量均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组FEV1、FVC与疲劳指数均低于治疗前,且对照组FEV1、FVC低于观察组,对照组疲劳指数高于观察组（P＜0.05）;观察组并发症发生率（4.76%）低于对照组（16.67%）（P＜0.05）。结论 电视胸腔镜手术治疗胸腺瘤疗效良好,且手术时间短、术中出血量少,下床时间早,术后引流量少,利于患者术后康复,且术后并发症发生率低,对肺功能影响小,较传统手术治疗效果比较明显,值得临床应用。     

Hydrogen peroxide is produced by E. coli challenged haemocytes and regulates phagocytosis, in the medfly Ceratitis capitata. The active role of superoxide dismutase

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) participates as a second messenger in cell signaling. In this paper, the role of H₂O₂ was investigated, in Escherichia coli phagocytosis by the haemocytes of the medfly Ceratitis capitata. Block of H₂O₂ synthesis by specific enzymic inhibitors, namely N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) for NADPH oxidase and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) for SOD, resulted in the increase of E. coli phagocytosis. Immunoblot analysis, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, revealed the constitutive expression of SOD, in the medfly haemocytes. Phagocytosis increased by small interfering RNA (siRNA) for SOD, revealing the active involvement of SOD and H₂O₂. Immunoblot analysis showed an increase of the ERK1/2 phosphorylation, in the presence of the above H₂O₂ synthesis enzymic inhibitors. In addition, confocal microscopy showed no co-localization of SOD with β integrin subunit. It appears that SOD participates in the regulation of bacterial phagocytosis, due to involvement of the produced H₂O₂ in the differential phosphorylation of MAP kinases.     

精神分裂症大鼠血浆H2S、Hcy、叶酸及VitB6水平及其相关性分析

目的探讨精神分裂症大鼠血浆硫化氢(H2S)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸和维生素(Vit)B6水平的变化及其相关性。方法检测精神分裂症大鼠和正常对照组的血浆H2S、Hcy、叶酸及VitB6水平。精神分裂症大鼠血浆H2S水平与Hcy、叶酸和VitB6水平的相关性用直线相关分析。结果与正常对照组比较,精神分裂症组血浆Hcy水平显著增高,血浆H2S、叶酸、Vit B6水平显著降低(P<0.05~0.001)。精神分裂症组血浆H2S水平与Hcy水平呈负相关(r=-0.7214,P<0.001),与血浆叶酸及VitB6水平呈正相关(r=0.5189,P<0.001;r=0.4299,P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症组血浆H2S、叶酸和VitB6明显降低,Hcy水平升高。H2S水平降低可能参与了高同型半胱氨酸血症致精神分裂症的发病机制。     

传统甲状腺切除术与改良小切口甲状腺切除术治疗甲状腺结节的临床疗效比较

目的 对比分析传统的甲状腺切除与改良小切口甲状腺切除术治疗甲状腺结节的临床疗效和并发症发生情况.方法 选取本院2013年3月至2015年7月间收治的88例甲状腺结节患者作为研究对象,全部患者均已确诊为甲状腺良性肿瘤.按照随机平均的原则将其分为两组,即观察组和对照组,每组44例,其中观察组患者采用改良小切口甲状腺切除术,而对照组患者采用传统的甲状腺切除术,对比分析两组患者的术后住院的时间、术中的出血量、手术时间及并发症的发生情况,采用VAS疼痛评测标准对患者术后的生活质量进行评估.结果 观察组患者的平均手术时间明显比对照组短(P＜0.05);术后住院的时间比对照组短(P＜0.05);术中出血量明显比对照组少(P＜0.05).观察组患者中未见低钙抽搐、呼吸困难、切口粘连等严重并发症,并发症的发生率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组患者的疼痛评分明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),术后的生活质量明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 改良小切口甲状腺切除用于治疗甲状腺结节时的手术时间较短、术中出血量较少、平均住院的时间较短,且术后的并发症较少,具有较好的临床疗效,可有效改善患者的生活质量,可在临床上推广应用.     

门静脉高压症患者血浆内源性硫化氢含量的变化和意义

目的:观察血浆内源性硫化氢(H2S)在门静脉高压症不同Child级别患者中的差异及其在门静脉高压症发病中的可能作用。方法:测定2007年9月～2007年12月在我院住院治疗的门静脉高压症患者(23例)和同期体检健康人群(25例)的血浆H2S水平、肝功能、门静脉管径,分析血浆H2S含量差异与门静脉高压症的关系。结果:门静脉高压症患者血浆H2S水平较健康人低;Child不同级别H2S含量存在明显差异,血浆H2S含量与门静脉管径具有负线性相关关系。结论:内源性H2S可能参与门静脉高压症的病理过程。