以色素沉着为首发表现的POEMS综合征1例报告

目的 总结原发性肾上腺皮质功能减退的诊断思路及POEMS综合征的内分泌改变的临床特点.方法 对1例“乏力、色素沉着3年”为主诉的原发性肾上腺皮质功能减退患者进行临床分析及病因探讨,复习文献并总结临床特点.结果 患者以乏力、消瘦、皮肤色素沉着为主要表现;化验提示贫血,单克隆免疫球蛋白,VEGF升高;合并脾大、淋巴结肿大;存在亚临床肾上腺皮质功能减退,肾上腺结构未见异常;合并多发周围神经病变;淋巴结活检符合浆细胞型Castleman病.最终确诊为POEMS综合征.本例患者存在亚临床肾上腺皮质功能减退,为POEMS综合征的表现之一.结论 原发性肾上腺皮质功能减退应进一步查找其病因.内分泌改变是POEMS综合征常见的临床表现.色素沉着可能为系统性疾病(如POEMS综合征)的皮肤改变,应进一步挖掘其病因.Castleman病是POEMS综合征的常见病因,淋巴结结构可有特征性改变,确诊需完整淋巴结的病理.     

以腹胀、双下肢水肿、气促为表现的POEMS综合征1例及文献复习

POEMS综合征是一种少见的副肿瘤性疾病。中南大学湘雅医院消化内科收治1例60岁女性POEMS综合征 患者，其腹胀病史超过1年，并伴有严重的双下肢水肿及气促；检查结果提示多发性周围神经病变、M蛋白血症、脾 肿大、淋巴结肿大、甲状腺功能减退、血管外容量负荷超载、硬化性骨病变、VEGF升高和肺动脉高压。根据POEMS 综合征的最新诊断标准，患者满足2个强制性主要标准、2个其他主要标准和3个次要标准，排除鉴别诊断后POEMS 综合征诊断明确。患者接受地塞米松及来那度胺治疗，临床症状得到明显改善。POEMS综合征的发病机制尚不完全 清楚，VEGF水平的升高可能与上述临床表现有关。该患者病史超过14个月，严重影响其生活质量，临床上应提高对 POEMS综合征早期诊断和早期治疗的意识。     

POEMS综合征临床分析

目的 探讨POEMS综合征的临床特点和诊断,减少误诊发生.方法 回顾性分析5例pOEMS综合征患者的一般资料、临床表现、辅助检查、治疗及预后.结果 5例患者中分别有多发性神经病、脏器肿大、内分泌病、异常蛋白血症和皮肤病变.5例患者对激素治疗均有一定疗效,死亡2例.结论 POEMS综合征为多系统病变,临床表现复杂多样,对原因不明的多发性神经病变伴肝脾肿大及水肿的患者,应考虑POEMS综合征的可能,需进一步检查,明确诊断.     

POEMS综合征29例临床分析

目的分析POEMS综合征的临床特征,加深对POEMS综合征的认识。方法回顾性分析近6年来确诊的29例POEMS综合征的临床特点,结合相关文献进行分析。结果所有病例均有周围神经病变,多伴有肝、脾和（或）淋巴结肿大、多种内分泌病变、皮肤改变、水肿及骨髓浆细胞增多。结论 POEMS综合征是一少见的多系统损害疾病,临床表现复杂多样,诊断较难。对不明原因周围神经损害的患者,特别是合并皮肤改变、肢端水肿或者内分泌及代谢异常症状时要想到该病的可能。     

POEMS综合征的临床与骨骼影像学表现——附一例报告

目的:探讨POEMS综合征的临床及骨骼影像学表现特点,以提高对该病的认识。方法:回顾性分析1例已确诊为POEMS综合征患者的临床表现、实验室检查和骨骼影像学资料。结果:POEMS综合征的主要表现分别为周围神经病变、脏器肿大、内分泌异常、M2蛋白病、皮肤改变和水肿,骨骼改变以骨质硬化为主。结论:POEMS综合征是一种多脏器损害疾病,临床表现复杂,对可疑病例应进行全面检查。     

POEMS综合征临床分析

目的探讨POEMS综合征的临床特点。方法回顾总结笔者诊治的POEMS综合征患者的临床特点，并结合文献进行分析。结果POEMS综合征患者首发症状多为周围神经病，但常合并其他器官受累，病程长，病情进展慢，易反复，临床经过不符合一般周围神经病特点，预后较差。结论早期加强对拟诊周围神经病患者的躯体全面检查可以降低POEMS综合征的漏诊及误诊。     

POEMS综合征22例临床特点分析

目的 探讨POEMS综合征的临床特点,提高诊断率.方法 对22例POEMS综合征临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 POEMS综合征多见于中年男性,22例患者均以多发性周围神经病为首发症状,内分泌改变59.1％ (13/22),皮肤改变50.0％(11/22),异常球蛋白血症阳性率63.6％(14/22).22例患者激素或免疫抑制剂均有效.结论 POEMS综合征临床表现各异,易误诊,常规检查、内分泌改变、肌电图、血清M蛋白检测有重要意义,激素及免疫抑制剂是有效的治疗方法.     

POEMS综合征6例临床分析

【目的】总结POEMS综合征的临床特点,以提高对该病的认识。【方法】回顾性分析6例POEMS综合征患者的一般情况、临床表现、实验室检查结果及治疗方案。【结果】6例POEMS综合征患者中,男女比例为1.5:1,平均年龄(47±4)岁,平均病程(24±4)个月;主要临床表现发生率分别为周围神经病变和内分泌异常100%,脏器肿大和皮肤改变80%,M蛋白阳性50%;经激素和免疫抑制剂治疗,4例患者好转。【结论】POEMS综合征是一种少见的多脏器损害疾病,诊断较难;临床上对可疑病例需进行密切观察及必要的检查,以免误诊;应用糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂治疗,可使POEM综合征的预后得到明显的改善。     

VEGF在POEMS综合征发病中的作用及相关治疗的研究进展

POEMS综合征是以多发性周围神经病变（polyradiculoneuropathy）、脏器肿大（organomegaly）、内分泌病变（endocrinopathy）、单克隆浆细胞紊乱或者M蛋白 （monoclonal plasma cell disorder or M protein）和皮肤损害（skin changes）为主要特征的少见的浆细胞病与累及多系统的副肿瘤综合征.POEMS综合征发病机制尚不明确,近年来,随着对POEMS综合征研究的加深,一般认为可能有多种细胞因子参与POEMS综合征发病,而血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）为其发病机制的核心,同时其他细胞因子也可能通过促进VEGF的生成和释放参与POEMS综合征的发生和发展,血液中VEGF水平与POEMS综合征病情及预后紧密相关[1].     

POEMS综合征16例临床分析

目的:探讨POEMS综合征的临床特征和诊断治疗.方法:对16例POEMS综合征患者临床资料、相关检查及治疗方法进行回顾性研究.结果:主要临床特征包括多发性周围神经病、脏器肿大,内分泌改变,单克隆浆细胞异常,皮肤改变,骨破坏,水肿是POEMS的主要表现.激素联合免疫抑制剂对部分病人有效.结论:POEMS综合征是一种少见的多脏器损害疾病,诊断较难.周围神经炎、下肢水肿是POEMS综合征常见的早期临床特征.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.