2008—2009年天津市河东区医院消毒效果监测

医院是病人高度集中的场所,受到感染的微生物种类多,医院消毒是控制和预防医院感染的重要手段。消毒效果监测是了解医院消毒与灭菌质量、评价其消毒设备运转是否有效、消毒效果是否达标的唯一手段。为了进一步提高我区消毒质量和消毒效果,减少医源性感染危险因素的存在,我区每年对所辖医院机构进行消毒效果进行随机抽样监测。笔者现将2008-2009年各项监测结果报告如下。     

漯河市2002年～2004年医疗机构消毒监测结果

医院消毒是预防医院内感染的重要措施之一，消毒效果的监测是评价其消毒设备运转是否正常，消毒药剂是否有效，消毒方法是否合理，消毒效果是否达标的唯一手段，因而在医院消毒、灭菌工作中必不可少。为了解新的《消毒管理办法》和新版《消毒技术规范》实施后我市各级各类医疗机构消毒工作质量，2002年～2004年对我市各级各类医疗机构消毒工作质量进行了监测。现将结果报告如下：     

富阳市2003-2007年市属医院消毒质量监测结果分析

医院消毒是预防和控制医院感染的重要手段之一,消毒质量的监测是评价消毒方法是否合理,消毒效果是否可靠的重要手段.为了加强富阳市市属医院消毒工作的管理,减少医源性感染的发生,笔者对富阳市2003-2007年10家市属医院的消毒监测总结报告如下.     

消毒灭菌效果监测中的2次检测法

消毒效果监测是评价其消毒设备运转是否正常、消毒剂是否有效、消毒方法是否合理、消毒效果是否达标的惟一手段,是预防和控制医院感染的重要措施.我院自2003年以来,在消毒灭菌监测中应用2次检测法,消毒灭菌质量明显提高.     

某综合性医院消毒效果现状

医院环境消毒效果质量控制是院内感染管理的重要内容,消毒效果的监测是了解医院消毒与灭菌质量、评价消毒方法是否合理的主要手段.对医院环境进行微生物学监测,可发现造成医院感染的危险因素,为了进一步提高河南省某综合性医院消毒质量和消毒效果,减少医源性感染,笔者于2006年1-12月对该院重点科室(供应室、手术室、新生儿监护病房、重症监护病房、产房、内镜中心、血液净化室)环境消毒效果监测结果进行了统计分析.     

某综合性医院消毒效果现状

医院环境消毒效果质量控制是院内感染管理的重要内容,消毒效果的监测是了解医院消毒与灭菌质量、评价消毒方法是否合理的主要手段。对医院环境进行微生物学监测,可发现造成医院感染的危险因素，为了进一步提高河南省某综合性医院消毒质量和消毒效果，减少医源性感染，笔者于2006年1—12月对该院重点科室（供应室、手术室、新生儿监护病房、重症监护病房、产房、内镜中心、血液净化室）环境消毒效果监测结果进行了统计分析。监测项目主要包括：空气、物体表面、工作人员手和使用中的消毒液。     

铜山县医疗卫生机构消毒效果调查分析

医院消毒是预防院内感染的重要措施之一,消毒效果的监测是评价医院消毒设备是否正常、消毒方法是否合理、消毒试剂是否有效的重要手段,为了解本县医疗机构消毒效果,现将监测情况报告如下.     

消毒灭菌效果监测分析及对策

医院消毒是预防医院感染的重要措施之一,消毒效果的监测是评价其消毒设备运转是否正常、消毒药剂是否有效、消毒效果是否达标的唯一手段,因而在医院消毒、灭菌工作中必不可少.     

南京市民营医疗机构消毒质量监测结果分析

医院消毒是预防医院内感染的重要措施之一,为了解南京市民营医疗机构消毒监测质量,比较其间是否存在差距及探讨消毒中存在的问题,有效预防和控制医院内感染的发生,提高医疗质量。将2010-2011年民营医疗机构消毒效果监测数据进行分析。     

2004年四川省直属医疗机构消毒质量监测结果

医院消毒是预防和控制医院内感染的重要措施之一。医院消毒效果监测是评价其消毒设备运转是否正常、消毒药剂是否有效、消毒方法是否合理、消毒效果是否达标的唯一手段[1]。根据卫生部《消毒管理办法》、《四川省卫生监测管理办法》,于2004-09/10对四川省19所直属医疗机构进行了消毒效果监测,现将监测结果报告如下。1对象和方法1.1监测对象选择在成都的四川省直属医疗机构、医学院校附属医院共19所,监测其室内空气、物体表面、医护人员手、使用中消毒液、压力蒸汽灭菌、一次性使用医疗用品、紫外线消毒灯、医院污水。1.2检测方法依据卫生部…     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

Changes in immune function in asthma in the elderly

Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airway. The airway inflammation of asthma is typically an allergic inflammation characterized by cells and mediators described as a "Th2" inflammatory response. There is a growing body of evidence describing changes in the function of immune cells upon aging, a phenomenon referred to as "immunosenescence". Several studies utilizing animal models and human subjects with asthma have begun to explore age-related effects on the airway inflammation in asthma. This review explores the existing data on the presence and effects of immunosenescence or age-related changes in immune function in asthma.     

Changes in Fatty Acid Composition in Beef in Italy

Results from a study conducted in Italy concerning the updating of composition data of beef consumed in Italy are reported here. The study required a very wide sampling plan with regard to both animals and cuts to analyse. Data related to lipid composition of the most widely used type of beef consumed in Italy (young bull, 16–22 months old) show a reduction in total lipid content (which, according to the cuts, ranges between 1.8 and 10.2%) and a substantial change in fatty acid composition, with a high % of polyunsaturated fatty acids (mean 20% of total fatty acids). Such data have been confirmed by other studies conducted in Italy, and are in contrast with data reported in the tables of food composition from other countries, reporting a fatty acid composition characterized by a high fatty acid saturation degree. The occurrence of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid is probably due to the high ratio of phospholipids: triglycerides, occurring when the content in intramuscular lipid is very low; to the young age of animals; to the reduced activity of the rumen, where saturation of fatty acids occurs. It may be concluded that a fatty acid composition, which is particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, seems typical for Italian products.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.