姜黄素脂质体的制备及体外透皮研究

采用乙醇注入法制备了姜黄素脂质体.采用透皮扩散试验仪进行体外透皮试验,比较姜黄素的溶液(含0.5％吐温-80)及其脂质体经小鼠离体皮肤的累积渗透量及皮肤滞留量.结果表明,12h时姜黄素脂质体的皮肤累积透过量和滞留量分别为姜黄素吐温-80溶液的2.11和3.05倍.脂质体作为姜黄素的透皮给药载体能促进姜黄素的透皮吸收,并能增加其在皮肤中的滞留量.     

伊曲康唑柔性脂质体的制备及体外性能研究

摘要：目的:制备伊曲康唑柔性脂质体,并考察其体外透皮性能。方法:以大豆卵磷脂为成膜材料和聚山梨酯80为边缘活化剂,薄膜分散法制备伊曲康唑柔性脂质体,考察粒径、Zeta电位、包封率、载药量及稳定性。采用Franz扩散池,以大鼠皮肤为透皮屏障,考察伊曲康唑柔性脂质体及其溶液的体外透皮性能差异。结果:伊曲康唑柔性脂质体平均粒径为（222.5±15.34） nm,多分散系数（PDI）为（0.226±0.09）,Zeta电位为（-5.09±1.52） m V,平均包封率为（83.80±2.18）%。体外透皮实验表明,伊曲康唑脂质体中伊曲康唑12 h的累积渗透量(Q12)是伊曲康唑溶液的2.21倍;渗透速率(Jss)是伊曲康唑溶液的2.20倍;皮肤滞留量（Qs）是伊曲康唑溶液的6.2倍。结论:伊曲康唑柔性脂质体可显著提高伊曲康唑的体外累积透皮量和皮肤滞留量,有望成为新型局部给药制剂。     

酮洛芬二元醇质体凝胶的研制及其质量考察

目的:研制酮洛芬二元醇质体凝胶,并对其质量进行考察.方法:采用乙醇注入法制备酮洛芬二元醇质体,采用研和法制备醇质体凝胶;透析法测定包封率;Franz扩散池进行离体皮肤渗透试验,测定其体外累积渗透量及皮内滞留量;并对其体外稳定性进行了初步考察.结果:酮洛芬二元醇质体形态圆整,平均粒径为(289.86±44.75)nm,平均包封率为(73.85±2.62)%.体外透过皮肤进入接收液中的二元醇质体(乙醇/丙二醇=7:3)累积渗透量为一元醇质体的1.8倍,24 h时二元醇脂质体和醇质体皮肤中药物滞留量分别为(52.33±3.12)μg·cm-2和(40.25±2.85)μg·cm-2.在实验期内,体外稳定性较好.结论:酮洛芬二元醇质体具更好的透皮吸收性及皮肤滞留性,且质量稳定.     

酮洛芬醇质体体外经皮渗透研究

目的:考察酮洛芬醇质体的体外经皮渗透特性。方法:乙醇注入法制备酮洛芬醇质体,采用Franz扩散池,以离体小鼠皮为皮肤屏障,对酮洛芬醇质体的体外经皮渗透量、稳态透皮速率进行研究,并测定24 h时皮肤中的滞留量。结果:酮洛芬醇质体体外24 h累积渗透量Q为(720.88±2.04)μg.cm-2,稳态透皮速率J为(28.15±0.20)μg.cm-2.h-1,24 h皮肤中的滞留量(50.86±1.44)μg.cm-2,与同剂量酮洛芬脂质体及其30%醇溶液相比,均有明显提高(P<0.05)。结论:醇质体可显著增加酮洛芬的体外经皮渗透,值得进一步研发。     

尼美舒利醇质体的体外经皮渗透特性及皮肤刺激性

目的:考察醇质体作为尼美舒利经皮给药载体的体外渗透性及刺激性。方法:采用注入法制备尼美舒利醇质体,采用Franz扩散池和鼠皮进行体外渗透实验,HPLC测定药物浓度并计算药物稳态透皮速率、12 h累积释放量及皮内滞留量;采用小鼠皮肤红斑平均积分考察尼美舒利醇质体刺激性。结果:测得尼美舒利醇质体的稳态经皮渗透速率和12 h累积释放量分别是(16.28±1.68)μg.(cm2.h)-1,(195.38±19.89)μg/cm2,与脂质体相比提高了1.9倍(P<0.05);而醇质体的皮内滞留量为(318.67±38.57)μg/cm2,仅是脂质体的1.07倍(P>0.05)。皮肤刺激性实验显示,NIM醇质体的红斑指数与生理盐水的差异并不明显(P>0.05)。结论:尼美舒利醇质体的经皮渗透性和皮肤刺激性都优于脂质体,是一种有效的经皮给药制剂。     

甲氨蝶呤柔性纳米脂质体凝胶的构建及体外经皮渗透性研究

目的 制备甲氨蝶呤(methotrexate,MTX)柔性纳米脂质体凝胶,并研究其体外经皮渗透行为.方法 采用逆向蒸发法制备MTX柔性纳米脂质体,以卡波姆940为基质制成脂质体凝胶,并考察其初步稳定性;Franz扩散池研究MTX柔性纳米脂质体凝胶与普通凝胶的经皮渗透规律.结果 脂质体凝胶4℃下稳定性良好;体外透皮试验表明,MTX柔性纳米脂质体凝胶的累积透过量明显＜MTX普通凝胶(P＜0.05),皮肤滞留量＞MTX普通凝胶(P＜0.05).结论 MTX柔性纳米脂质体凝胶可显著提高药物的皮肤滞留量,而不增加药物进入血液循环的量,能有效降低药物潜在的全身毒性,有望成为MTX局部治疗的新剂型.     

氨甲环酸醇质体的制备及体外评价

目的：制备氨甲环酸醇质体（TA@ES）,并初步考察其体外透皮性能。方法：采用乙醇注入-挤出法制备TA@ES。通过单因素考察和Box-Behnken设计-响应面法对处方进行筛选及优化;按最优处方制备TA@ES,对其进行质量评价,并进行体外透皮试验。结果：优化后的TA@ES处方脂药比为3.20∶1,胆固醇用量为0.62%,乙醇用量为19.37%。制得的TA@ES为类球形,平均粒径为（194.3±4.1）nm,Zeta电位为（-32.2±2.6）mV,包封率为（17.20±0.89）%。体外透皮试验结果表明,与氨甲环酸水溶液相比,TA@ES不仅提高了药物经皮渗透量（4.98倍）,而且还增加了深层皮肤滞留量（1.74倍）。结论：制备的TA@ES能够提高氨甲环酸的经皮渗透量和深层皮肤滞留量,有望成为黄褐斑治疗药物的新载体。     

姜黄二酮醇质体凝胶的制备与经皮渗透性研究

摘要：目的:采用醇质体凝胶装载药物改善姜黄二酮透皮性能。方法:分别制备姜黄二酮醇质体凝胶、普通凝胶、乳膏选取小鼠腹部皮肤进行Franz体外扩散试验用HPLC法测定姜黄二酮的浓度。以透皮量、皮肤储滞留量和透皮速率为指标,评价三者透皮性能。结果:姜黄二酮醇质体凝胶中姜黄二酮的稳态透皮速率为64.24μg·cm-2·h-1,分别达普通凝胶的3.29倍、乳膏的1.21倍;皮肤滞留量为369.35μg·cm-2,分别为普通凝胶的5.11倍、乳膏的3.36倍。结论:姜黄二酮醇质体凝胶的透皮性能良好具有新药开发的前景。     

纳洛酮醇质体的经皮渗透研究

目的 考察以醇质体为载体的纳洛酮经皮给药的可行性以及醇浓度、药物含量对药物渗透速率的影响.方法 采用注入法制醇质体,以SD雄性大鼠皮肤为媒介,Franz单室扩散池为体外模型,用HPLC法测定透过皮肤的纳洛酮含量.求算累积渗透量稳态透皮速率和皮肤中的滞留量,考察醇浓度和药物含量对渗透速率的影响.结果 纳洛酮为5 mg·mL-1时,含醇20%、30%、40%和50%的醇质体稳态透皮速率分别为(54.3±3.6),(92.0±8.8),(111.4±22.6)和(139.8±7.6)μg·h-1·cm-2,与纳洛酮水溶液(30.9±3.4)μg·h-1·cm-2相比,其增渗倍数分别为1.76,2.98,3.61和4.52倍;在皮肤中的滞留量和时滞的顺序一致50%醇质体＞40%醇质体＞30%醇质体＞20%醇质体＞药物水溶液.含纳洛酮0.625,1.25,2.5,5,7.5和10 mg·mL-1的30%的醇质体,其渗透速率分别为(2.8±1.3),(15.1±2.4),(43.8±5.0),(92.0±8.8),(145.2±4.6)和(193.8±5.7)μg·h-1·cm-2.结论 醇质体能显著地促进渗透,增加药物在皮肤中的滞留量.随着醇质体内醇的含量增加,其渗透速率增加.醇质体内药物含量增加,渗透速率也增加.     

博莱霉素脂质体凝胶的制备和体外透皮性比较

目的：研制博莱霉素（BLM）脂质体凝胶,并对其皮肤靶向性进行体外评价。方法：采用逆相蒸发-冻融法制备BLM脂质体,再用卡渡姆940为基质制成BLM脂质体凝胶;以离心法测定BLM脂质体的包封率;以体外透皮渗透释药法,比较BLM脂质体凝胶与BLM普通凝胶的透过作用。结果：BLM脂质体平均粒径为（885．20±12．08）nm,平均包封率为（66．80±1．38）％。在24h内,BLM脂质体凝胶累积透过量（Q）及稳态透皮速率（J）与BLM普通脂质体相比,均明显提高,而在皮肤中的滞留药量也显著提高（P〈0．05）。结论：BLM脂质体凝胶在体外可显著增加BLM的透皮吸收,增加皮肤中的滞留量,值得进一步研究。     

Deformable liposomes and ethosomes as carriers for skin delivery of ketotifen

Deformable liposomes and ethosomes were investigated as carriers for skin delivery of ketotifen (KT) in terms of vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, stability, in vitro permeation and skin deposition properties. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) from soybean lecithin was used in the preparation of all vesicles. Sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate and Tween 80 were investigated as edge activators in preparation of KT deformable liposomes. KT ethosomes were prepared in two PC concentrations, 2% and 4.25% w/v, in 30% v/v ethanol. KT deformable liposomes showed improved entrapment efficiency over KT ethosomes. KT deformable liposomes with Tween 80 as an edge activator were more stable upon storage at 5 +/- 1 degree C than those prepared using sodium cholate or sodium deoxycholate and were more stable than KT ethosomes. In vitro permeation and skin deposition studies employed only deformable liposomes with Tween 80 as an edge activator and ethosomes with 4.25% w/v PC concentration. Both of them improved skin delivery of KT over controls and over traditional liposomes, with greater improvement of KT skin deposition than KT skin permeation, hence are more useful for dermal than for transdermal delivery of KT.     

倍他司汀醇质体的制备与评价

目的:研究倍他司汀醇质体最佳处方工艺,并考察其体外透皮特性.方法:采用乙醇注入法制备倍他司汀醇质体,以大豆卵磷脂用量、乙醇用量和水浴温度作为考察因素,粒径、包封率为测定指标,采用星点设计-效应面法优化处方,并考察该制剂的初步稳定性;应用Franz扩散池进行体外透皮吸收试验,比较不同给药形式对倍他司汀经皮渗透的影响.结果...     

Melatonin loaded ethanolic liposomes: physicochemical characterization and enhanced transdermal delivery.

The current investigation aims to evaluate the transdermal potential of novel ethanolic liposomes (ethosomes) bearing Melatonin (MT), an anti-jet lag agent associated with poor skin permeation and long lag time. MT loaded ethosomes were prepared and characterized for vesicular shape and surface morphology, vesicular size, entrapment efficiency, stability, in vitro skin permeation and in vivo skin tolerability. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) defined ethosomes as spherical, unilamellar structures having low polydispersity (0.032+/-0.011) and nanometric size range (122+/-3.5 nm). % Entrapment efficiency of MT in ethosomal carrier was found to be 70.71+/-1.4. Stability profile of prepared system assessed for 120 days revealed very low aggregation and growth in vesicular size (7.6+/-1.2%). MT loaded ethosomal carriers also provided an enhanced transdermal flux of 59.2+/-1.22 microg/cm2/h and decreased lag time of 0.9 h across human cadaver skin. Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) data generated to assess the fluidity of skin lipids after application of formulation revealed a greater mobility of skin lipids on application of ethosomes as compared to that of ethanol or plain liposomes. Skin permeation profile of the developed formulation further assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed an enhanced permeation of Rhodamine Red (RR) loaded formulations to the deeper layers of the skin (240 microm). Further, a better skin tolerability of ethosomal suspension on rabbit skin suggested that ethosomes may offer a suitable approach for transdermal delivery of melatonin.     

5-氟尿嘧啶乙醇脂质体的改性及其透皮吸收研究

目的:研究胆固醇对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)乙醇脂质体的改性及其体外透皮扩散的影响。方法:制备不同胆固醇含量的5-FU乙醇脂质体,并考察胆固醇含量对脂质体粒径、Zeta电位、分散指数、包封率、皮内药物滞留量等指标的影响。结果:加入胆固醇后粒径和Zeta电位变化不大,分散指数从0.584降至0.143,5-FU包封率从28.6%增至48.8%,皮内残留5-FU量从40%增至80%以上。结论:胆固醇不会改变乙醇脂质体的粒径大小及Zeta电位,但可提高其分散性和稳定性;加入适量的胆固醇可提高乙醇脂质体中5-FU的包封率及皮内药物滞留量。     

Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight heparin loaded in flexible liposomes with bioavailability enhancement: comparison with ethosomes

Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)-loaded flexible liposomes (flexosomes) were formulated for transdermal delivery, and their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with LMWH-loaded ethosomes. Flexosomes had similar particle size compared with ethosomes, but their deformability was higher than that of ethosomes (76.7% vs. 46.8%). In vitro, flexosomes demonstrated 2.6-fold higher permeability coefficient than ethosomes. In comparison to LMWH aqueous solution, skin deposition of flexosome increased 3.2-fold, while that of ethosome increased only 2.0-fold. In vivo, after the topical application of flexosome to hairless mouse, [anti-Xa](max) was 1.11?IU/mL, while ethosomes showed only 0.32?IU/mL. Moreover, AUC(0-24?h) of flexosomes was 2.5-fold higher than ethosomes. In conclusion, the enhanced skin permeation and bioavailability of LMWH can be achieved with flexosomes in comparison with ethosomes. The LMWH transdermal delivery via flexosomes has the potential to replace the parenteral dosage forms for the treatment of venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism and cardiovascular events.     

布洛芬二元醇脂质体的制备与评价

目的:制备布洛芬二元醇脂质体并对其进行体外评价。方法:采用注入法制备布洛芬二元醇脂质体,以包封率为指标优化处方中乙醇与丙二醇比例;采用Franz扩散池进行离体皮肤渗透试验,测定布洛芬在接收液内的累积渗透量及皮内滞留量。结果:乙醇与丙二醇比例为7∶3时制得的布洛芬二元醇脂质体包封率最高(73.6±1.4)%,其透过皮肤进入接收液中的累积渗透量为乙醇脂质体的1.82倍。二元醇脂质体[乙醇-丙二醇(7∶3)]和乙醇脂质体24 h皮肤中药物滞留量分别为43.67±2.11和38.02±1.44。结论:二元醇脂质体可有效提高布洛芬的皮肤渗透量及皮内滞留量。     

塞来昔布脂质体凝胶的研制及其体外经皮渗透动力学考察

目的研制塞来昔布脂质体凝胶,并对其体外经皮渗透动力学进行考察。方法采用薄膜分散法制备塞来昔布脂质体,均匀设计筛选最佳处方及制备工艺,并以卡波姆940为基质制成脂质体凝胶;用Franz扩散池研究塞来昔布脂质体凝胶与塞来昔布普通凝胶的经皮渗透规律。结果塞来昔布脂质体凝胶的平均粒径为(369.5±10.8)nm,平均包封率为(81.6±2.2)%(n=3);体外透皮试验表明塞来昔布脂质体凝胶的累积透过量显著大于普通凝胶(P<0.05),药物透皮速率与皮肤蓄积量显著大于普通凝胶(P<0.01)。结论塞来昔布脂质体凝胶制备简单,能促进药物透皮吸收,值得进一步研究。     

乙醇脂质体对多奈哌齐经皮转运的促进作用

目的：制备多奈哌齐乙醇脂质体,从而进一步有效优化药物的经皮转运。方法：采用注入法制备多奈哌齐乙醇脂质体;通过形态,粒径分布和包封率对乙醇脂质体进行了初步表征,运用Franz 扩散池和共聚焦激光扫描电镜考察了乙醇脂质体的经皮转运情况。结果：多奈哌齐乙醇脂质体（乙醇含量45%）包封率明显高于多奈哌齐脂质体;多奈哌齐乙醇脂质体透皮量分别为脂质体及乙醇溶液的4.32倍和1.89倍。结论：乙醇脂质体可有效携带药物进入皮肤深层。