四君子汤对气虚模型小鼠血清微量元素锌、铜、铁含量的影响

四君子汤对气虚模型小鼠血清微量元素锌、铜、铁含量的影响张斌，徐令壁徐州市医学科学研究所（徐州２２１００６）微量元素与中医证候密切相关，为了深化中医虚证与微量元素关系的研究，我们采用四君子汤对气虚证模型动物进行实验性治疗，观察治疗前后其血清微量元素锌、...     

舟山海岛儿童血清头发锌、铜、铁含量及影响因素分析

目的 :探讨舟山海岛儿童血清和头发中锌、铜、铁的含量及有关影响因素。方法 :采用原子吸收分光光度法 ,对 946份血清、头发样品进行锌、铜、铁测定 ,并采用SPSS软件对其与小儿年龄、性别、季节等部分疾病影响因素进行统计分析。结果 :血清锌、铜、铁含量在各年龄组无明显差异 ;发中锌、铜、铁含量各年龄阶段有所不同 ;血清头发锌、铜、铁含量无性别差异 ;不同季节头发、血清锌、铁含量有差异 ;部分疾病对血清头发锌、铜影响不同。结论 :头发锌、铜、铁含量是一个阶段性指标 ,血清锌、铜、铁含量能够较敏感地反映机体离子状况     

北京市98名健康青少年血清中铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)正常值初探

为了解北京市健康青少年血清中铜、锌、铁元素的含量水平 ,我们测定了 98名 12 - 16岁初中学生血清中铜、锌、铁元素的含量 ,以期为该市青少年血清中铜、锌、铁元素的含量提供依据。取 98名 12 - 16岁正常人群血清 ,用原子吸收法测定铜、锌、铁元素的含量。我们所测定的 98名 12 - 16岁初中学生血清中铜、锌、铁元素的含量均在临床参考值范围内。虽然所研究对象血清中铜、锌、铁元素的含量均在临床参考值范围内 ,但某些指标上、下限范围比参考值范围小。微量元素含量直接反映机体中微量元素代谢情况。青少年正是身体发育旺盛时期 ,特别是青…     

维吾尔族和汉族孕妇与新生儿脐血钙、镁、锌、铁、铜营养状况及其相关性分析

目的 探讨维吾尔族和汉族孕妇血清与新生儿脐血血清中钙、镁、锌、铁、铜含量的差异及其与新生儿脐血的相关性. 方法 检测240例孕妇血清和其新生儿脐血血清中钙、镁、锌、铁、铜含量,并进行对照研究.结果 维族和汉族母血中铁、钙、镁、锌含量均低于脐血,铜含量母血高于脐血;差异均有统计学意义;锌元素在母血与脐血之间呈正相关;汉族母血清钙含量高于维吾尔族,铁缺乏率高于维吾尔族产妇,差异均有统计学意义.结论 母血与脐血钙、镁、锌、铁、铜含量有一定相关趋势,以锌的相关性最强,胎盘能将母体铁、钙、镁、锌元素逆浓度梯度转运给胎儿.应重视对孕期矿物质元素的检测,以满足母体、胎儿对其需求.汉族产妇要增加铁含量丰富的食物摄入,维吾尔族产妇增加钙含量丰富的食物摄入.     

孕妇钙、铁、锌、铜摄入水平对新生儿发育质量的相关分析

目的:以兰州市70对母婴为研究对象,测定母血与脐血中钙、铁、锌、铜含量和新生儿体重,调查孕妇钙、铁、锌、铜摄入状况与新生儿发育质量的关系,探讨兰州地区孕妇综合营养水平对新生儿发育质量的影响。方法:对孕妇进行膳食调查;并测定孕妇血清和新生儿脐血钙、铁、锌、铜含量以及新生儿体重,对母血与脐血中钙、铁、锌、铜含量和新生儿体重进行相关性分析。结果:孕妇膳食结构失衡;膳食中能量、蛋白质、钙、铁摄入中度不足;维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2摄入量重度不足。脐血钙、铁、锌含量均高于母血,并与母血水平呈明显正相关;脐血中钙、铜含量与新生儿体重具有相关性。结论:孕妇钙、铁、锌、铜摄入水平对新生儿发育质量有一定程度的影响。为确保母婴健康,应加强对孕妇体内微量元素的监测,合理进行补充。     

神经性耳聋及健康人血清锌、铜、铁、钙、镁测定分析

<正> 为探讨神经性耳聋病人血清中金属元素与耳聋发病的关系,对郑州地区39例经日本产Audiometer—MT—4型纯音测听仪测试为感音性耳聋病人与34名听力正常的健康人进行了血清锌、铜、铁、钙、镁的测定。发现神经性耳聋病人血清锌、铁、钙含量低于健康人,而血清铜、镁高于健康人,皆有极显著差异,(P<0.01),具体数据如下:     

沈阳地区正常人血清铜,铁,锌含量测定及其与血型关系

本文报道了沈阳地区148例正常人血清铜、铁、锌含量,Cu/Zn比值、Fe/Cu比值及其与性别、居住地区、居住年限和血型之间的关系。经统计分析结果表明:性别间血清铜、锌含量及Cu/Zn比值无显著性差异。血清铁及Fe/Cu比值有显著性差异,男高于女。市区与市郊血清铁、锌及Cu/Zn比值有显著性差异。居住年限的四个年龄组间血清锌含量有显著性差异,血清铜、铁含量无显著性差异。不同血型之间的血清铜、铁、锌含量变化无显著性差异.     

妊娠期高血压疾病的发病与血清中微量元素关系的研究

目的:探讨妊娠高血压疾病的发生及病情与血清中微量元素铁、锰、锌和铜含量变化的关系。方法:分别采集妊娠期高血压疾病患者和正常妊娠者的静脉血各5 m l,用7200型分光光度记测定血清锌、铁、铜、锰水平。结果:妊娠期高血压疾病患者锌含量明显降低,并且病情越重锌含量越低;铁、铜、锰含量升高,病情越重含量越高;锌/铁、铁/铜该病呈负相关,二者有显著差异。结论:妊娠高血压疾病的发生及病情与血清中微量元素铁、锰、锌和铜含量变化有关。     

妊娠期高血压疾病与血清微量元素锌 铜 铁 锰的关系

目的:探讨妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清微量元素锌、铜、铁、锰的变化,指导妊娠期高血压疾病的预防及临床治疗。方法:用火焰原子吸收法及石墨炉法测定妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清47例、新生儿脐血清44例及正常晚期妊娠孕妇血清及脐血清各30例的锌、铜、铁、锰血清含量并进行对照研究。结果:①重度子痫前期患者血清锌含量显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05)、血清铁含量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。②轻、重度妊娠期高血压患者新生儿脐血清锌、铜、铁、锰含量与正常对照组比较均无明显差异(P>0.05)。③从妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清与脐血血清锌、铜、铁、锰含量的比较中可以看出,孕妇血清锌、铁含量均显著低于脐血清锌、铁含量(P<0.01,P<0.05),孕妇血清铜含量显著高于脐血清铜含量(P<0.01),孕妇血清与脐血清锰含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。④本病孕妇血清铜/锌、铁/铜、铁/锌及铁/锰比值与对照组比较,除铜/锌比值未发现两组有明显差异外(P>0.05),其他各比值均有较明显变化(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:①血清微量元素锌的减少、铁的升高及锌、铜、铁、锰间的比例失衡可能与妊娠期高血压疾病的发生、发展有一定的关系。②无论孕妇机体在正常状态下还是在病理状态下,都首先保证胎儿对锌、铜、铁、锰的需要。     

矮身材儿童血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁含量分析

[目的]了解儿童血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁对儿童生长发育的影响。[方法]测定生长发育迟缓儿血清中锌、铁、铜、钙、镁的含量并与正常对照组儿童比较分析。[结果]矮小儿童组血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁为(13．0±3．8)、(15．6± 6．2)、(18．0±4．2)、(2141．3±157．6)、(782．6±77．5)μmol／L,除血清铜与正常对照组无差异外,血清锌、铁、钙、镁均低于正常对照组,差异有非常显著性(P<0．01)。矮小儿童组血清锌、铁、钙低于正常值下限例数的百分率分别为47．1％、 27．5％、39．2％,明显高于对照组,差异也有高度显著性(P<0．01),矮小儿童组血清铜、血清镁低于正常下限的百分率与正常对照组无差异(P>0．05)。[结论]血清锌、铁、钙、镁的含量影响儿童的生长发育,对矮小儿童应该在医生的指导下检测及补充相应的宏量和微量元素。     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.