妊娠合并重度血小板减少病因分析及血小板水平对母儿结局的影响

目的:探讨妊娠合并重度血小板减少的病因及患者血小板水平对母儿结局的影响。方法:收集广州医科大学附属第三医院2014年1月至2017年6月收治的73例妊娠合并重度血小板减少患者,对其临床资料进行分析。进入围产期患者61例,根据妊娠期血小板计数(PLT)最低值分为两组:10×10~9/L组和(10～30)×10~9/L组,分析不同PLT水平对母儿结局的影响。结果:73例妊娠合并重度血小板减少患者中特发性血小板减少性紫癜占76. 71%,其次是妊娠相关性血小板减少症占9. 59%。进入围产期患者中位分娩孕周37周,剖宫产率55. 74%,产后出血发生率14. 75%;新生儿平均出生体质量2702 g,新生儿血小板减少7例。PLT 10×10~9/L组患者中位分娩孕周36周,分娩方式以剖宫产为主(P=0. 01),产后出血量明显增多(P=0. 04)。对患者分娩前PLT与产后出血量作相关分析,发现患者分娩前PLT与产后出血量呈负相关(r=-0. 32,P=0. 01)。分别对患者孕期最低PLT及分娩前PLT与新生儿PLT作相关分析,发现该两因素与新生儿PLT均无相关性(r=0. 29,P=0. 54; r=0. 18,P=0. 10)。结论:特发性血小板减少性紫癜和妊娠期血小板减少症是妊娠合并重度血小板减少的主要病因。尽早明确病因,提升血小板水平,可降低产后出血风险,改善母儿结局。     

妊娠合并血小板减少208例临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并血小板减少的病因及围生期的处理方法。方法:回顾性分析1996年1月至2005年12月收治的妊娠合并血小板减少患者208例临床资料。结果:208例孕妇中妊娠期血小板减少症(PAT)88例(42.31%),特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)58例(27.88%),妊娠期高血压疾病32例(15.38%),系统性红斑狼疮12例(5.77%),再生障碍性贫血(AA)10例(4.81%),妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)2例(0.96%),血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(TTP)2例(0.96%),Evan’s综合征1例(0.48%),病因不明3例(1.44%)。结论:多种原因可引起妊娠期孕妇血小板减少,PAT是最常见类型。血小板<50×109/L,应在术前输注浓缩血小板后行剖宫产;血小板计数>50×109/L的孕妇,如无产科指征,应阴道分娩为主。     

孕产期血小板减少不同病因的临床处理及母儿结局分析

目的:对不同病因的孕产期血小板减少的临床处理及母儿结局进行分析,以提高对此类疾病的诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月至2019年12月在上海市第六人民医院分娩的306例孕产期血小板减少患者的临床资料,根据不同的病因分为5组:妊娠期血小板减少症组(GT组,164例)、原发性免疫性血小板减少症组(ITP组,85例)、妊娠合并血液系统疾病组(HD组,28例)、妊娠期高血压疾病组(HDCP组,24例)、妊娠合并免疫系统疾病组(ISD组,5例),比较不同病因孕产期血小板减少患者的血小板减少的程度、临床处理及母儿结局。结果:(1)GT组患者的轻度血小板减少的比例明显高于中度及重度(P0.05);ITP组、HD组及ISD组患者的重度血小板减少的比例明显高于轻度(P0.05)。(2)GT组观察或对症口服治疗,19例接受血小板输注;ITP组观察或对症口服治疗64例,应用糖皮质激素或丙种球蛋白或联合使用21例,接受血小板输注53例;HDCP组紧急终止妊娠18例,行期待治疗后终止妊娠4例;HD组输血支持治疗27例,免疫抑制治疗8例;ISD组5例均有接受甲泼尼龙、丙种球蛋白静脉滴注、血小板输注等治疗。(3)ITP组的剖宫产率及输血率高于GT组(P0.05),而HD组、HDCP组、ISD组的剖宫产率、输血率、早产率、新生儿窒息率均高于GT组(P0.05)。(4)重度血小板减少患者的剖宫产率、输血率、早产率、新生儿窒息率均明显高于轻度(P0.05)。结论:引起血小板减少的病因不同,血小板下降程度、处理及预后各不相同,GT主要表现为轻度血小板减少,母儿结局良好,其他病因的孕产期血小板减少患者重度血小板减少增加。及时明确诊断,合理规范的治疗是降低重度孕产期血小板减少母儿风险,改善母儿预后的关键。     

妊娠合并血小板减少112例临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并血小板减少的发病机制及围生期的处理方法。方法:回顾分析天津医科大学总医院1992年至2002年间112例妊娠合并血小板减少患者的病因及临床处理经验。结果:112例孕妇中特发性血小板减少性紫癜27例,占24.1%;子痫前期44例,占39.3%;妊娠期特发性血小板减少40例,占34.8%;血栓性血小板减少性紫癜1例,占0.89%。阴道分娩27例,剖宫产85例。产后出血13例,产褥感染1例。结论:多种原因可以导致妊娠妇女血小板减少。如无产科指征,以阴道分娩为宜;血小板<50×109/L时,在血源充足时行剖宫产。不主张采用侵入性检查方法确定胎儿血小板水平。     

妊娠合并血小板减少的临床特点及妊娠结局

目的:探讨妊娠合并血小板减少患者的临床特点及母婴结局,为改善其不良妊娠结局提供科学依据。方法:收集2019年10月至2022年3月于郑州大学第一附属医院产科分娩的272例妊娠合并血小板减少患者的临床资料,按血小板减少程度分为轻度组119例、中度组70例、重度组83例,比较各组的临床特点及母婴结局。结果:患者存在多种内外科合并症及妊娠并发症。3组患者的孕次、产次、体质量指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度组的年龄较其他两组小,多同时存在血小板减少病史(P<0.05)。轻度组的入院血小板计数、血小板压积和血红蛋白值最高,中度组次之,重度组最低(P<0.001)。重度组的剖宫产、贫血、住院期间输血小板占比最高(P<0.001),3组产后出血比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.277)。3组的新生儿出生时Apgar评分、窒息方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但重度组的入院时孕周小,新生儿出生体重低,早产、新生儿转NICU比例高(P<0.001)。结论:妊娠合并轻度血小板减少对母婴几乎无不良影响,合并重度血小板减少可能增加不良妊娠结局发生率,临床要结...     

妊娠合并血小板减少61例临床分析

目的 :探讨妊娠合并血小板减少的病因和围产期的处理方法。方法 :回顾分析 6 1例妊娠合并血小板减少患者的临床资料。结果 :6 1例血小板减少的病因为再生障碍性贫血、特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)、脾功能亢进、系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)、抗心磷脂抗体综合征、妊娠高血压综合征及妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症 (ICP)。治疗方法是使用糖皮质激素、免疫球蛋白与成分输血等。早产 15例 ,阴道分娩 10例 ,剖宫产 5 1例。结论 :妊娠合并血小板减少处理的重点是治疗合并症和并发症 ,加强监护 ,适时提升血小板数 ,防止分娩期出血     

108例妊娠合并血小板减少临床分析

目的:分析妊娠合并血小板减少(PT)的临床特点与围生期处理。方法:对108例妊娠合并血小板减少患者的临床资料作回顾性研究。结果108例患者中妊娠相关性血小板减少(PAT)占94例(87.9%),妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)3例(2.8%),妊娠高血压疾病(HDCP)2例(1.8%),特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)5例(4.6%),其他病因2例(1.8%)。有出血倾向或血小板计数<50*109/L患者需用糖皮质激素和(或)免疫球蛋白治疗,阴道分娩9例,剖宫产93例,产后出血8例,死亡1例。结论:PAT是PT的最主要病因,糖皮质激素、丙种球蛋白,血小板输注是治疗PT的有效手段,分娩方式视血小板多少及有无产科手术指征而决定,大部分以剖宫产终止妊娠。     

108例妊娠合并血小板减少临床分析

目的:分析妊娠合并血小板减少(PT)的临床特点与围生期处理。方法:对108例妊娠合并血小板减少患者的临床资料作回顾性研究。结果108例患者中妊娠相关性血小板减少(PAT)占94例(87.9%),妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)3例(2.8%),妊娠高血压疾病(HDCP)2例(1.8%),特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)5例(4.6%),其他病因2例(1.8%)。有出血倾向或血小板计数<50*109/L患者需用糖皮质激素和(或)免疫球蛋白治疗,阴道分娩9例,剖宫产93例,产后出血8例,死亡1例。结论:PAT是PT的最主要病因,糖皮质激素、丙种球蛋白,血小板输注是治疗PT的有效手段,分娩方式视血小板多少及有无产科手术指征而决定,大部分以剖宫产终止妊娠。     

妊娠相关性血小板减少84例临床分析

妊娠相关性血小板减少(pregnancy associated thrombocy-topenia,PAT)临床上较常见,近年发病率有增高趋势.现回顾分析妊娠相关性血小板减少84例患者的临床资料,探讨PAT的临床特征、处理及对妊娠结局的影响,以避免不必要的干预和治疗.     

妊娠合并极重度血小板减少26例临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠合并极重度血小板减少患者的病因诊断、临床处理及妊娠结局.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月到2009年3月在北京大学人民医院产科分娩的26例妊娠合并极重度血小板减少患者的临床资料.以孕期至少有2次或2次以上血小板计数<10×109/L为极重度血小板减少诊断标准.进行病因诊断,根据不同病因给予以下临床处理.(1)孕期在无全身自发性出血情况下,维持血小板计数>20×109/L,血红蛋白>70 g/L;(2)血小板<10×109/L或有出血倾向时,输注血小板;红细胞压积(HCT)<25%,血红蛋白<70 g/L时,输注压积红细胞;(3)剖宫产术前或分娩前维持血红蛋白>70 g/L,血小板计数>30×109/L;(4)特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)患者血小板<(20～30)×109/L或有出血倾向时,用泼尼松或联合丙种球蛋白治疗.对于上述治疗无效者,若血小板<10×109/L或有出血倾向时间断输注血小板,无出血倾向者根据孕周严密观察,适时终止妊娠.对患者的一般临床资料、病因诊断、临床处理及妊娠结局进行分析.结果 (1)发病率及发病原因:同期分娩数为9302例,妊娠合并极重度血小板减少患者26例,妊娠合并极重度血小板减少的发生率为0.28%.患者年龄平均29岁.孕前诊断17例,孕期诊断9例.26例患者中,有13例在我院行系统产前检查,初次诊断极重度血小板减少时的平均孕周为24周;无系统产前检查的13例,初次诊断极重度血小板减少时的平均孕周为32周.26例患者中,2例(8%,2/26)病因诊断不明,24例(92%,24/26)病因诊断明确,其中14例(54%,14/26)为ITP,5例为骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS),4例为慢性再生障碍性贫血(CAA),1例为系统性红斑狼疮(SLE).(2)临床处理:所有患者均多次应用血制品.14例ITP患者中6例应用了泼尼松+丙种球蛋白治疗,8例仅应用泼尼松治疗.26例患者中有9例(35%,9/26)出现了妊娠并发症,其中6例(6/9)并发子痫前期,2例发生妊娠期糖尿病,1例为弥漫性肺泡出血.26例患者平均分娩孕周为36周,阴道分娩3例,平均出血量为83 ml;23例剖宫产分娩,平均出血量为410 ml.(3)围产儿结局:26例围产儿中,1例胎死宫内,25例活婴,其中12例为早产儿.平均孕龄36周,平均出生体质量2877 g.2例ITP患者分娩的新生儿出现了重度血小板减少.结论 妊娠合并极重度血小板减少的主要病因是ITP,治疗以泼尼松+丙种球蛋白为主;其次是CAA和MDS,以支持疗法为主.妊娠合并极重度血小板减少并非终止妊娠的绝对指征,可根据不同病因予相应治疗后,在严密的围产期监测下,注意防治妊娠并发症,分娩方式以剖宫产为主,可获得较好的妊娠结局.     

妊娠合并极重度血小板减少26例临床分析

Objective To investigate the etiology and perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated with extremely severe thrombocytopenia [ at least two times of platelets count (PLT) < 10 × 109/L during pregnancy]. Methods Clinical data, including basic information, etiology, management and outcomes of pregnant women with extremely severe thrombocytopenia, admitted to Peking University People's Hospital from January 2004 to March 2009, were retrospectively collected. The management of these cases varied according to different etiology and the symptoms: (1) PLT were maitained > 20 × 109/L and hemoglobulin> 70 g/L in those women without spontaneous bleeding; (2) PLT transfusion would be required when PLT< 10 × 109/L or bleeding occur and RBC would be supplied when hematocrit <25% and hemoglobulin <70g/L; (3) Hemoglobulin should be > 70 g/L and PLT >30 × 109/L before cesarean section or delivery;(4) Predinisone and/or intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) would be given in women complicated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) when PLT < (20-30) × 109/L or bleeding. PLT would be given if all the above management were failed, or PLT < 10 × 109/L, or bleeding. Women without bleeding would be closely monitored and delivery would be planned. Results (1) Twenty-six cases were identified among 9302 deliveries during the study period (0.28%), with an average of maternal age of 29. Seventeen were diagnosed before conception and 9 during pregnancy. Among the 26 women, half received regular prenatal check in our hospital and the average gestations at diagnosis was 24 weeks and the other half without regular prenatal visits and the average gestations at diagnosis was 32 weeks. Etiology was identified in 24 out of the 26 women, including 14(54%) ITP, 5 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 4 chronic aplastic anaemia(CAA) and 1 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (2) Management: All of the 26 women received blood products. Among the 14 ITP cases, 6 received predinisone and IVIG and 8 only took predinisone. Nine of the 26 patients (35%) had pregnant complications, among which 6 (6/9) were preeclampsia. The overall average gestation at delivery was 36 weeks. Only 2 delivered vaginally with the average blood loss of 83 ml and 23 cesarean sections were performed with the average blood loss of 410 ml. (3) Perinatal outcomes:There were 26 perinatal babies, among which 1 died intrauterine and 25 were born alive (12 preterm infants). The average birth weight was 2877 g. Neonatal severe thrombocytopenia presented in 2 newborns whose mother complicated with ITP. Conclusions The main cause of extremely severe thrombocytopenia during pregnancy is ITP, managed mainly by predinisone and IVIG, followed by CAA and MDS, which may require supportive treatment. Pregnancy complicated with extremely severe thrombocytopenia is not an indication of termination. Better maternal and fetal outcomes can be achieved through proper treatment based on the etiology, intensive care in prevention and management of complications and cesarean section.     

妊娠合并原发免疫性血小板减少症44例临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)患者的围产期诊疗及母儿结局。方法:选取2015年至2021年在山东大学齐鲁医院妇产科分娩的妊娠合并ITP(血小板计数<30×10⁹/L)孕妇44例,其中重症ITP 21例。观察患者在围产期的诊疗及母儿结局。结果:医院同期分娩总数为27268例,妊娠合并ITP 44例,发生率为1.6‰。44例患者中有7例为终止妊娠前转入我院,未行药物治疗,27例(61.4%)孕期单独给予糖皮质激素治疗,10例(22.7%)给予糖皮质激素联合丙种球蛋白治疗。阴道分娩4例(9.1%),剖宫产终止妊娠40例(90.9%),产后出血2例(4.5%)。44例新生儿出生后血小板计数<100×10⁹/L者3例(6.8%),无新生儿颅内出血及死亡病例。两组的围产期输注血小板治疗量、出血量、新生儿体重、新生儿5min Apgar评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),住院天数和新生儿1min Apgar评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠合并ITP的治疗以糖皮质激素与丙种球蛋白为主,...     

妊娠合并极重度血小板减少26例临床分析

Objective To investigate the etiology and perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated with extremely severe thrombocytopenia [ at least two times of platelets count (PLT) < 10 × 109/L during pregnancy]. Methods Clinical data, including basic information, etiology, management and outcomes of pregnant women with extremely severe thrombocytopenia, admitted to Peking University People's Hospital from January 2004 to March 2009, were retrospectively collected. The management of these cases varied according to different etiology and the symptoms: (1) PLT were maitained > 20 × 109/L and hemoglobulin> 70 g/L in those women without spontaneous bleeding; (2) PLT transfusion would be required when PLT< 10 × 109/L or bleeding occur and RBC would be supplied when hematocrit <25% and hemoglobulin <70g/L; (3) Hemoglobulin should be > 70 g/L and PLT >30 × 109/L before cesarean section or delivery;(4) Predinisone and/or intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) would be given in women complicated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) when PLT < (20-30) × 109/L or bleeding. PLT would be given if all the above management were failed, or PLT < 10 × 109/L, or bleeding. Women without bleeding would be closely monitored and delivery would be planned. Results (1) Twenty-six cases were identified among 9302 deliveries during the study period (0.28%), with an average of maternal age of 29. Seventeen were diagnosed before conception and 9 during pregnancy. Among the 26 women, half received regular prenatal check in our hospital and the average gestations at diagnosis was 24 weeks and the other half without regular prenatal visits and the average gestations at diagnosis was 32 weeks. Etiology was identified in 24 out of the 26 women, including 14(54%) ITP, 5 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 4 chronic aplastic anaemia(CAA) and 1 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (2) Management: All of the 26 women received blood products. Among the 14 ITP cases, 6 received predinisone and IVIG and 8 only took predinisone. Nine of the 26 patients (35%) had pregnant complications, among which 6 (6/9) were preeclampsia. The overall average gestation at delivery was 36 weeks. Only 2 delivered vaginally with the average blood loss of 83 ml and 23 cesarean sections were performed with the average blood loss of 410 ml. (3) Perinatal outcomes:There were 26 perinatal babies, among which 1 died intrauterine and 25 were born alive (12 preterm infants). The average birth weight was 2877 g. Neonatal severe thrombocytopenia presented in 2 newborns whose mother complicated with ITP. Conclusions The main cause of extremely severe thrombocytopenia during pregnancy is ITP, managed mainly by predinisone and IVIG, followed by CAA and MDS, which may require supportive treatment. Pregnancy complicated with extremely severe thrombocytopenia is not an indication of termination. Better maternal and fetal outcomes can be achieved through proper treatment based on the etiology, intensive care in prevention and management of complications and cesarean section.     

妊娠合并血小板减少诊断及处理

妊娠合并血小板减少是指在妊娠期由不同的病因引起的血小板低于正常范围,其中妊娠相关性血小板减少症(PAT)、妊娠合并特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)和妊娠期高血压疾病是其主要病因。妊娠合并血小板减少的治疗关键在于找出病因,进行严密监测,严重的血小板减少症需要接受一系列的治疗,包括糖皮质激素、免疫球蛋白的输注等,但血小板的输注要十分慎重,对于血栓性血小板减少性紫癜(TTP)的病人输注血小板为禁忌。     

113例妊娠合并血小板减少临床分析

目的:讨论妊娠合并血小板减少的原因,处理及预后。方法:回顾性分析我院2009年～2011年收治的113例妊娠合并血小板减少患者的临床资料。结果:妊娠合并血小板减少的原因最常见的是妊娠相关性血小板减少(PAT),其次为妊娠期高血压疾病及免疫性血小板减少性(ITP)。分娩方式由产科指征决定。113例患者均预后良好。结论:对于妊娠合并血小板减少应明确病因,针对病因、血小板减少的程度及有无症状,采取不同的处理方法。血小板减少绝大多数均可在较短时间内恢复正常,结局较好。