晚期卵巢癌新辅助化疗研究进展

卵巢癌病变隐匿,具有早期扩散的生物学行为,且缺乏简便易行、特异的早期诊断方法,约70%的患者确诊时已属晚期(Ⅲ~Ⅳ期)[1]。目前标准治疗方案是以手术为主、辅以术后化疗、放疗和生物治疗的综合方案。晚期卵巢癌由于肿瘤细胞的广泛播散转移、病灶巨大固定以及邻近组织的严重浸润,相关报道显示仅有42%的患者能行满意的     

新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌治疗中的应用

卵巢癌患者确诊时多数已属晚期,预后差,能否实现满意的肿瘤细胞减灭术与患者的预后密切相关。新辅助化疗可以提高肿瘤细胞减灭术达到满意缩瘤的几率,减少围手术期并发症的发生,提高患者的生活质量,与直接行肿瘤细胞减灭术相比患者的预后相似。新辅助化疗联合间歇性肿瘤细胞减灭术的治疗方案可能更适合晚期卵巢癌患者。     

新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌中的疗效评价

卵巢癌是目前复发率、病死率较高的妇科恶性肿瘤,特别是晚期卵巢癌,其中肿瘤细胞减灭术未能切除的大块残留病灶是导致患者术后化疗耐药、复发及预后不良的重要原因。近三十年的临床观察证实,新辅助化疗可缩小晚期卵巢癌原发灶及转移灶的体积,提高理想细胞减灭术的成功率,从而改善患者预后。近年临床观察发现,虽然新辅助化疗能提高部分晚期卵巢癌手术彻底性,但患者生存期并未得到有效延长。因此需要对新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌中的疗效及意义进行客观评价。     

新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌中的疗效评价

卵巢癌是目前复发率、病死率较高的妇科恶性肿瘤,特别是晚期卵巢癌,其中肿瘤细胞减灭术未能切除的大块残留病灶是导致患者术后化疗耐药、复发及预后不良的重要原因。近三十年的临床观察证实,新辅助化疗可缩小晚期卵巢癌原发灶及转移灶的体积,提高理想细胞减灭术的成功率,从而改善患者预后。近年临床观察发现,虽然新辅助化疗能提高部分晚期卵巢癌手术彻底性,但患者生存期并未得到有效延长。因此需要对新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢癌中的疗效及意义进行客观评价。     

卵巢癌的初始与间歇性肿瘤细胞减灭术相关问题

临床工作中对晚期卵巢癌患者施行新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NACT)的比例逐年增加.尽管基于现有的循证医学证据,晚期上皮性卵巢癌采用NACT联合间歇性肿瘤细胞减灭术有着不低于初始肿瘤细胞减灭术的疗效,更低的术后病率,但目前对于卵巢癌NACT仍存在较多争议.新诊断的晚期卵巢癌患者治疗前需...     

新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢上皮性癌综合治疗中的临床研究

目的探讨新辅助化疗(NACT)在晚期卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌)治疗中的临床意义。方法回顾性分析四川省肿瘤医院1999年1月至2008年12月收治的晚期卵巢癌(FIGOⅢ、Ⅳ期)患者161例,其中73例接受新辅助化疗+手术治疗+化疗(研究组),88例行初次肿瘤细胞减灭术+化疗(传统组)。结果研究组肿瘤手术切除率(即理想减瘤率)77.1%,传统组为56.8%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.012)。研究组术中失血量、术中输血量、术中补液量、腹水量和手术时间与传统组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组平均无进展生存期(PFS)和总体生存期(OS)分别为22.7(7～63.5)个月和33.5(13.8～92.3)个月,传统组分别为21.7(4.3～61.2)个月和32.1(12.4～114.9)个月,两组比较差异无统计学意义(分别为P=0.082和P=0.293)。研究组和传统组5年生存率分别为17.8%和11.4%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.503)。结论行新辅助化疗+手术治疗+化疗治疗晚期卵巢上皮性癌的PFS、OS与仅行初次肿瘤细胞减灭术+化疗相似,但前者能明显提高肿瘤的手术切除率、减少术中出血量,同时并没有增加手术的并发症。     

晚期卵巢癌新辅助化疗的疗效预测

新辅助化疗(NACT)联合中间型肿瘤细胞减灭术(IDS)是一种治疗晚期卵巢癌的新策略。但是由于肿瘤可能对化疗反应差甚至耐药等,部分患者的预后反而较初始肿瘤细胞减灭术(PDS)更差。近年来研究发现,通过一些影像学检查、肿瘤标记物、细胞因子、基因和蛋白、IDS术中所见及术后病理等可有效预测NACT-IDS的疗效及患者的预后。因此,为更好地指导NACT-IDS方案的选择,以及在治疗过程中及时有效地监控患者对治疗的反应,有必要在NACT及IDS实施中的各个环节对其疗效进行充分的评估及预测,以为患者制定更合理的个性化治疗方案。现就卵巢癌NACT-IDS中疗效及预后的相关预测因素做一综述。     

上皮性卵巢癌的新辅助化疗

<正>据2018年全球癌症数据分析,卵巢癌死亡率仍居妇科恶性肿瘤首位。我国每年死于卵巢癌的女性约为2.5万[1]。上皮性卵巢癌是最常见的病理类型,由于其无典型症状,缺乏有效的筛查手段,超过75%的患者在诊断时肿瘤已经播散至盆腔外。肿瘤细胞减灭术是晚期上皮性卵巢癌治疗的重要组成部分。多项研究已证实,肿瘤细胞减灭术后残余肿瘤量是晚期上皮性卵巢癌预后最重要的影响因素[2,3]。为了达到理想的减瘤效果(残余肿瘤直径≤1 cm,或无肉眼可见肿瘤残留     

卵巢癌新辅助化疗患者CA125水平对临床结局的预测分析

目的:探讨行新辅助化疗的卵巢癌患者CA125水平与间歇性肿瘤细胞减灭术的减灭程度及预后的关系。方法:回顾分析青岛大学附属医院行3个周期新辅助化疗并手术的60例卵巢癌患者的临床病例资料,分析初始治疗前CA125水平、新辅助化疗期间CA125的下降率、术前CA125水平与手术理想减灭程度及预后的关系。结果:多自变量logistic回归分析提示,3个周期新辅助化疗后,血CA125下降率及术前CA125水平影响患者手术的切净率。术前CA125≤100U/ml组与>100U/ml组的生存率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3个周期新辅助化疗后,血CA125的下降率及术前CA125水平可预测患者手术的切净率,术前血清CA125是否≤100U/ml可用于初步判断患者的预后。     

新辅助化疗在晚期卵巢上皮性癌中的应用现状

卵巢上皮性癌是死亡率最高的妇科恶性肿瘤.临床常用的治疗方案是理想的初次肿瘤细胞减灭术及术后辅以铂类+紫杉醇为基础的系统化疗.对晚期不能切除的卵巢癌,新辅助化疗能降低肿瘤负荷,提高手术切除的彻底性,是一种新的治疗策略.本文就新辅助化疗在卵巢癌治疗中的概念、目的、病例选择标准、术前选择新辅助化疗的评估方法、化疗方案、疗程、给药途径,疗效评价及临床价值等进行综述.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a case-control study

The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with those treated conventionally with primary debulking surgery. From 1994 to 2003, all consecutive cases of advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma treated with NACT at the University of Bari were identified. A well-balanced group of women who underwent primary debulking surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy was selected as controls. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to determine the predictors for survival. Thirty women with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma were treated with NACT and compared to 30 patients who underwent primary debulking surgery. Patients in the NACT were significantly older and had a poorer performance status compared to the controls. However, no statistical difference was observed in overall disease-specific survival (P= 0.66) and disease-free survival (P= 0.25) between the two groups. Although patients in the NACT group are significantly older and have a poorer performance status, this treatment modality does not compromise survival. Prospective randomized trials comparing NACT to conventional treatment to determine the quality of life and cost/benefit outcomes are now appropriate for women presenting advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or primary surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma

Abstract. Kayikçiōlu F, Köse MF, Boran N, Çalişkan E, Tulunay G. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or primary surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been proposed as an alternative approach to conventional surgery as initial management of bulky ovarian cancer, with the goal of performing adequate debulking in the interval surgery. Two hundred five consecutive patients with advanced ovarian cancer were divided into two groups. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval surgery was performed in 45 of 205 patients. The remaining 158 patients received primary surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy. Optimal cytoreductive surgery rates were significantly higher in the neoadjuvant CT group ( P< 0.001). In multivariate analysis, only residual tumor diameter and appendix involvement were found to affect total survival significantly in both groups. Five-year survival and median survival were not statistically different when all patients treated conventionally were compared with all patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Primary chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery in a selected group of patients does not appear to worsen prognosis, but it permits less aggressive surgery and improves patients' quality of life.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin or carboplatin was administered to 29 patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma prior to their undergoing definitive cytoreductive surgery. Twenty-eight patients had ascites, eight had pleural effusion, and 16 had extensive upper abdominal disease on computerized tomography scan. The CA125 response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was highly predictive of survival ( P <0.0005). A 2-log decrease in CA125 prior to surgery resulted in a median survival of 37 months, while patients with less than a 1-log response in CA125 had a survival of 18 months. Bowel resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not benefit patients, as their survival (17 months) was identical to that of patients who were nonresectable and did not undergo any cytoreductive surgery.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy offers patients with suboptimal ovarian cancer the same survival as primary cytoreductive surgery with interval debulking, yet with only one operative procedure.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death among gynecological cancers. This is because the majority of patients present with advanced stage disease. Primary debulking surgery (PDS) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is still a mainstay of treatment. An optimal surgery, which is currently defined by leaving no gross residual tumor, is the goal of PDS. The extent of disease as well as the operative setting, including the surgeon’s skill, influences the likelihood of successful debulking. With extensive disease and a poor chance of optimal surgery or high morbidity anticipated, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) prior to primary surgery is an option. Secondary surgery after induction chemotherapy is termed interval debulking surgery (IDS). Delayed PDS or IDS is offered to patients who show some clinical response and are without progressive disease. NACT or IDS has become more established in clinical practice and there are numerous publications regarding its advantages and disadvantages. However, data on survival are limited and inconsistent. Only one large randomized trial could demonstrate that NACT was not inferior to PDS while the few randomized trials on IDS had inconsistent results. Without a definite benefit of NACT prior to surgery over PDS, one must carefully weigh the chances of safe and successful PDS against the morbidity and risks of suboptimal surgery. Appropriate selection of a patient to undergo PDS followed by chemotherapy or, preferably, to have NACT prior to surgery is very important. Some clinical characteristics from physical examination, serum tumor markers and/or findings from imaging studies may be predictive of resectability. However, no specific features have been consistently identified in the literature. This article will address the clinical data on prediction of surgical outcomes, the role of NACT, and the role of IDS.     

卵巢癌腹腔化疗应用现状与相关问题

腹腔化疗作为卵巢癌的一种区域性治疗方式,被应用于卵巢癌的化疗治疗中,包括微小残留病灶的一线化疗,标准治疗后病理完全缓解的巩固治疗,以及复发性卵巢癌的二线化疗。文章介绍了关于卵巢癌腹腔化疗的临床应用及现存问题。     

卵巢癌新辅助化疗前病理证据获取方法

新辅助化疗对于晚期卵巢癌患者的治疗具有明显优势,而化疗前获得足够的病理证据就显得尤为重要。目前,经腹壁细针穿刺活检、经阴道细针穿刺活检、淋巴结穿刺活检、胸腹水细胞学穿刺检查、腹腔镜探查取活检及开腹探查取活检等为临床使用的几种方法,文章就上述方法的选择及其优弊进行阐述。