自体心包片成形术治疗先天性三尖瓣关闭不全

采用自体心包片成形术治疗７例瓣或后瓣发育不良，或缺损面积较大，自身瓣膜成形困难的先天性三尖瓣畸形患者。术后心功能及超声检查恢复良好，自体心包片有取材方便，无不良反应，不引起血液破坏等优点，提出该术的应用指片及范围。     

自体心包片成形术治疗先天性三尖瓣关闭不全(附7例报告)

采用自体心包片成形术治疗７例隔瓣或后瓣发育不良，或缺损面积较大、自身瓣膜成形困难的先天性三尖瓣畸形患者。术后心功能及超声检查恢复良好。自体心包片有取材方便、无不良反应、不引起血液破坏等优点。提出该术的应用指征及范围。     

瓣环成形术治疗功能性三尖瓣关闭不全

风湿性左心瓣膜病通常引起功能性三尖瓣关闭不全（tricuspid regurgitation,TR）。在左心瓣膜病变得到有效矫治后,许多病人仍然有残留TR或TR不断发展,其确切原因不明,长期TR可导致右心功能不可逆性损害,严重影响预后。目前治疗功能性TR有多种术式,对其效果的评定有很多争议,对术式的选择观点也不统一。本文就当前瓣环成形术在功能性TR的应用现状,影响手术效果的因素及左心瓣膜术后远期出现TR的机制作一综述。     

三尖瓣成形术治疗三尖瓣关闭不全进展

三尖瓣关闭不全(Tricuspid Insufficiency,TI)引起的返流多继发于左心疾病或肺动脉高压,三尖瓣返流(Tricuspid Regurgitation,TR)会导致患者右室功能不全,具体而言,这样的损伤最终会导致左室输出量减少,术后不良事件以及死亡率增加。因此,我们亟需解决左心手术同期行三尖瓣成形术,以提高患者术后生存质量,三尖瓣成形方式较多,且目前没有统一的标准,本文就三尖瓣成形术方式及效果进行综述。     

Carpenter环三尖瓣成形术治疗左心瓣膜病合并的三尖瓣关闭不全

应用Carpenter环三尖瓣成形术治疗左心系统瓣膜病合并三尖瓣关闭不全25例.18例放置28号人工瓣环者出院时无1例出现三尖瓣少量以上反流,3例放置30#环者出院时出现三尖瓣少量以上反流1例,中量反流2例;3例放置32#瓣环者术后出现三尖瓣少量以上反流1例.认为采用成形环同期三尖瓣成形术治疗左心系统瓣膜病合并三尖瓣关闭不全患者的三尖瓣病变,安全有效.     

自体心包片重建瓣环技术在重症瓣膜病外科手术中的应用

目的：总结心脏瓣环结构重建的手术方法和临床经验,探讨采取自体心包片重建心脏瓣环技术在重症瓣膜病外科手术中的应用和疗效。 方法：2016年1月-2019年5月,在我院接受心脏瓣膜置换且同期需行瓣环结构重建的手术病例23例,其中风湿性或老年性退行性钙化性瓣膜病变的钙化斑累及瓣环结构13例,感染性心内膜炎侵蚀瓣环结构6例,先天性主动脉根部瓣环发育不良4例。其中清除侵蚀瓣环结构的异常组织后,瓣环位置的缺损样病变采取自体心包片予Prolene线连续缝合修补重建瓣环结构;先天性主动脉瓣环发育不良者施行瓣环切除心包片修补瓣环扩大重建术及瓣膜置换术。 结果：术后早期肺部感染3例,急性肾功能衰竭2例, II度I型房室传导阻滞1例,均经治疗后痊愈。全组手术重建的心脏瓣环结构完整,血流动力学稳定,无死亡病例,均获满意的治疗效果。随访0.5～3．5年,近中期无心脏破裂穿孔、组织溶血、瓣周漏、血栓形成、心内膜炎感染复发等并发症。 结论：心脏瓣膜手术同期采取自体心包片重建瓣环技术安全可靠、方便易行、经济实惠,并发症少,手术效果满意。     

自体心包三尖瓣成形与人工瓣环三尖瓣成形的中远期疗效比较

目的 比较自体心包条三尖瓣成形与人工瓣环三尖瓣成形治疗功能性三尖瓣反流的中远期疗效.方法 将2000-2010年间收治的76例功能性三尖瓣反流患者随机分为两组：A组（46例）以人工瓣环行三尖瓣成形,B组（30例）以自体心包条环缩三尖瓣环行三尖瓣成形.分别于术后3年、5年、8年对两组患者右心房内径、右心室内径和三尖瓣反流程度进行对比观察.结果 术后心功能分级较术前提高1～2级,两组患者右心房内径、右心室内径和三尖瓣反流面积比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 自体心包三尖瓣环成形术是治疗功能性三尖瓣反流的有效方法,其中远期疗效与人工瓣环三尖瓣成形术相似,但治疗费用明显降低.     

三维成形环治疗老年风湿性心脏瓣膜病继发性三尖瓣关闭不全的疗效

目的 比较三尖瓣人工瓣环成形术与缝线成形术对老年风湿性心脏瓣膜病三尖瓣关闭不全患者的成形效果.方法 选择分析2008年1月至2010年7月收治的69例老年风湿性心脏瓣膜病继发性三尖瓣关闭不全患者的临床资料.69例患者分为缝线成形组及人工瓣环组.两组间在术前三尖瓣反流程度、心功能分级(NYHA分级)、肺动脉压力等方面均无明显差异.观察和分析两组患者术前及术后的右心房内径(RAD)、右心室前后径(RVD)、三尖瓣反流面积、心排出量(C0).结果 两组病例均无手术死亡及住院死亡.两组患者组内术后1 w、术后6个月右心房内径、右心室前后径、三尖瓣反流面积较术前有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组内心排出量术后6个月有统计学意义(P＜0.05);组间三尖瓣反流面积差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05);组间心排出量术后6个月有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后6个月,缝线成形组出现4例(4/36)三尖瓣重度反流;人工瓣环组未出现三尖瓣重度反流.结论 缝线成形术和人工瓣环成形术均是治疗风湿性心脏瓣膜病继发性三尖瓣关闭不全的有效方法;三尖瓣人工瓣环成形术成形效果优于缝线成形术;左心瓣膜手术同期行三尖瓣成形术可明显增加术后中期心排出量,改善心功能.     

改良式三尖瓣环缩术治疗功能性三尖瓣关闭不全

对8例先天性心脏病室间隔缺损、22例成人房间隔缺损、36例风湿性心脏病患者用低浓度戊二醛处理的自体心包条施行环缩三尖瓣环成形术,术中观察及术后超声多普勒测定发现,66例患者中54例术后无反流.12例存在轻度反流.右房、室舒张期内径均较术前明显缩小(P＜0.05).改良三尖瓣环缩成形术治疗功能性三尖瓣关闭不全近期疗效满意,采用的自体心包条取材方便,制作简单,具有保护三尖瓣环免受缝线割裂的作用.     

BalMedic成形软环治疗功能性三尖瓣反流的疗效观察

目的 研究BalMedic成形软环治疗三尖瓣功能性反流的临床效果.方法 同顾性分析18例行左心瓣膜手术同时应用BalMedic成形环行三尖瓣成形术治疗三尖瓣功能性反流患者的临床资料,着重分析手术方法和手术结果,通过胸心脏B超榆查来评估手术前后三尖瓣反流情况.结果 共植入27#成形环13枚(72%,13/18),29#成...     

Isolated rheumatic severe tricuspid regurgitation

Severe isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is very rare, with most cases of TR being functional and secondary to pulmonary hypertension from left heart pathologies. We report an unusual case of a young Nigerian male, who presented to us with dyspnea, repeated hospital admissions for heart failure, and a childhood history of rheumatic fever. Echocardiogram showed massively dilated right atrium and ventricle, noncoaptation of thickened tricuspid valve with torrential free tricuspid regurgitation. Other valves were normal. Cardiac MRI showed normal right ventricular function and viability. Patient underwent tricuspid valve replacement with 35‐mm St. Jude valve.     

Isolated calcification of tricuspid valve with severe low pressure tricuspid regurgitation in an infant

A three-month-old asymptomatic male infant was evaluated for a systolic murmur. Echocardiography revealed calcification of tricuspid leaflets with severe low pressure tricuspid regurgitation. Pulmonary artery flow was normal. There was no other congenital anomaly.     

Atrial functional tricuspid regurgitation: An underappreciated cause of secondary tricuspid regurgitation

Secondary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) caused by right ventricular enlargement in the setting of left heart disease/pulmonary hypertension has been well described. In contrast, that associated with right atrial enlargement—atrial functional TR (AF‐TR)—remains largely underappreciated. AF‐TR most often occurs in the setting of lone atrial fibrillation, although it is also seen in its absence (idiopathic AF‐TR). Several recent studies have found that the prevalence, hemodynamic significance, and prognosis of AF‐TR are not inconsequential, suggesting increased physician awareness of this novel clinical entity is warranted. This article discusses the pathogenesis, echocardiographic findings, and treatment of this underappreciated cause of secondary TR.     

Impact of concomitant tricuspid regurgitation on outcome after edge-to-edge mitral valve repair

Aims

To evaluate the impact of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) on echocardiographic and functional outcome after mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge-repair (M-TEER).

Methods and Results

A total of 740 patients underwent M-TEER at our center from 2010 to 2021. Patients were analyzed according to severity of concomitant TR at the time of M-TEER procedure: low-grade TR (grade ≤I [trace–mild], 279 patients [37.7%]), moderate TR (grade II, 170 patients [23.0%]) and high-grade TR (grade III-V [severe–torrential], 291 patients [39.3%]). Patients with moderate to high-grade TR had higher morbidity. Procedural success of M-TEER was achieved similarly in all groups (98.2% vs. 97.6% vs. 95.9%, p = 0.22). TR severity decreased rapidly and consistently after M-TEER to only 48.0% of high-grade TR patients after 3 months (p < 0.001) and to 46.8% after 12 months (p = 0.99). High-grade TR patients had significantly higher mortality (21.5% vs. 18.2% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.003) up to 12 months after M-TEER. However, high-grade TR did not independently predict mortality (HR 1.302, 95% CI 0.937–1.810; p = 0.116). Echocardiographic and functional outcome was similar in both secondary and primary MR patients.

Conclusions

High-grade concomitant TR did not independently predict adverse outcome following M-TEER. A wait-and-observe approach for these patients is reasonable.     

Hospital outcome of concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty during totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery: a propensity matched study

BackgroundThis study aimed to determine how concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty (TAP) affects the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery.MethodsThis was a single-centre, retrospective study. Between January 2019 and June 2020, 143 patients who underwent totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery in our institution were enrolled. Ninety-two patients who underwent isolated mitral valve surgery were categorized into the minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) group (n=92), and patients who underwent mitral valve surgery with concomitant TAP were categorized into the MIMVS-TAP (n=51) group. Clinical data were collected from all patients, including demographic and perioperative data. We conducted propensity score matching (PSM) by using one-to-one ratio nearest-neighbour matching for baseline demographic data and tricuspid valve-related parameters. Forty patients in each group were matched in this way. Parametric and nonparametric tests were performed for data analysis.ResultsStatistically, postoperative mortality within 30 days was not significantly different between the two groups (P=1). No differences were found in serious adverse events, such as stroke or third-degree conduction block, between the two groups after 1:1 PSM (P=1 and P=0.480, respectively). The mean operation time for the MIMVS+TAP group was longer (232.13±36.05 min) than that for the MIMVS group (204.25±28.49 min; P<0.001). The same was true for the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (169.48±25.96 vs. 153.10±23.00 min; P=0.004) and aortic clamp time (110.80±17.37 vs. 101.00±14.38 min; P=0.005). The duration of the intensive care unit stay and the overall postoperative length of stay were not different between the two groups (P=0.734 and P=0.472, respectively). The postoperative systolic pulmonary artery pressure differed between the two groups [38.00±8.45 (MIMVS); 33.65±7.34 (MIMVS + TAP), P=0.022].ConclusionsOur study showed that totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery with concomitant TAP is just as safe and effective as isolated totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery, even with a long surgery duration. Our study also suggested that totally endoscopic mitral valve surgery with concomitant TAP can improve tricuspid function in patients.     

Severe tricuspid regurgitation 14 years after diagnosis of "transient neonatal tricuspid regurgitation"

A 14 year old girl presented with severe tricuspid regurgitation after she was diagnosed with "transient tricuspid regurgitation of the newborn". In the neonatal period she had presented with severe tricuspid regurgitation without an obvious underlying anatomical cause. This spontaneously regressed during the first months of life. She was dismissed from follow up at the age of 5 years after complete normalisation of the clinical and echocardiographic examination. The subsequent evolution and management of the patient, as well as the possible pathogenesis responsible for the unusual clinical course, is discussed. This case stresses the importance of long term follow up of patients with transient tricuspid regurgitation.