微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现及病理对照

目的 探讨微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现及病理对照,分析其影像特征.方法 回顾性分析病理证实的微囊型脑膜瘤10例的临床及MRI资料,10例均行MRI平扫,其中增强扫描7例.结果 10例肿瘤发生于大脑半球凸面者4例,大脑镰旁4例,上矢状窦旁2例.9例肿瘤周围水肿显著,1例水肿轻微.9例肿瘤MRI平扫表现为较均匀长T1、长T2信号,其中2例肿瘤与相邻硬脑膜宽基底部可见单个或多个结节状等、稍长T1及等、稍长T2信号.1例肿瘤MRI表现为不均匀长T1、长T2信号,内见环形影,环壁呈长T1、长T2信号,环内呈短T1、短T2信号.增强扫描6例肿瘤呈均匀显著强化,1例肿瘤不均匀强化.结论 微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现与病理显著相关.     

微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现及病理基础

【摘要】目的：探讨微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现及病理基础。方法：回顾性分析16例经手术病理证实的微囊型脑膜瘤的影像资料，将其MRI表现与病理基础进行对照分析。结果：肿瘤位于大脑凸面12例，大脑镰旁4例。11例表现为边界清楚的、以囊性为主的软组织肿块；肿块在T1WI上呈等或低信号，T2WI上呈高信号，瘤内可见多发分隔影，周围水肿较轻；增强扫描肿瘤呈细网状强化。5例误诊为非典型脑膜瘤（3例）和血管瘤型脑膜瘤（2例），表现为边界清楚的实性软组织肿块，肿瘤内囊变坏死少见。病理上，肿瘤内部可见多发类似细筛状结构（即微囊），可与MRI表现相对应。结论：通过与病理基础的对照分析，可更深入的认识及理解微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现，从而有助于提高该肿瘤的术前定性诊断。     

颅内脑膜瘤的MRI表现与病理分型的关系

目的:探讨颅内脑膜瘤MRI表现与病理分型的关系。材料和方法:分析34例有病理分型的颅内脑膜瘤MRI特点。结果:纤维型8例:6例T2WI中央为极低信号,周边等信号;增强扫描周边明显增强,T2WI极低信号区轻度增强,2例呈等信号,增强扫描明显均匀强化。上皮型13例与过渡型2例:12例上皮型与2例过渡型呈等信号,信号均匀,增强扫描明显增强。血管瘤型2例,血管母细胞瘤型1例,血管外皮瘤型3例:呈长(稍长)T1长(稍长)T2信号,增强扫描非常显著增强,血管母细胞瘤型与血管外皮瘤型多瘤周水肿。非典型2例:呈长T1长T2信号,信号不均匀,增强扫描明显或轻度强化。砂粒型2例:1例位于筛窦,T2WI呈极低信号,增强扫描明显增强;1例位于蝶骨翼,呈蜂窝状长T1长T2信号,增强扫描明显蜂窝状增强。间变型1例:呈等T1混杂T2信号,不均匀增强,瘤周明显水肿。结论:不同类型颅内脑膜瘤有一定的特征性MRI表现,MRI对其病理分型有较高的价值。     

MRI在鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤鉴别诊断中的应用

目的 分析MRI在鉴别鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤的表现特点.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的20例鞍旁肿瘤MRI影像表现,观察MR影像特征.结果 鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤均可同时侵犯鞍内及鞍旁,但两者MRI信号有特征性,海绵状血管瘤T1WI呈等或稍低于脑灰质信号,T2WI信号强度类似脑脊液信号,增强扫描病变强化显著,可见延迟强化.脑膜瘤呈等T1、T2信号,T2WI信号强度与脑灰质信号近似,增强扫描病变呈中等度弥漫性强化,相应部位可见脑膜线样强化.结论 MRI平扫加增强能明确显示鞍旁海绵状血管瘤及脑膜瘤的不同信号改变、强化特点及内部结构特点,其MRI信号特点对诊断有价值.     

微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI表现

目的 探讨微囊型脑膜瘤(MCM)的MRI表现及其诊断价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析8例经手术病理证实的MCM患者的影像学及病理资料,并与病理对照.结果 病变位于额部6例(左侧4例,右侧2例),右侧顶部大脑镰旁1例,右侧桥脑小脑角区1例;8例中5例平扫T1 WI呈低信号,T2WI呈明显高信号,增强后病变呈明显不均匀强化;3例平扫时T1WI呈不均匀等低信号,T2WI呈不均匀等高混杂信号,增强后病变呈明显不均匀强化;8例病变中4例可见"脑膜尾征";6例可见中重度瘤周水肿;肿瘤组织中见瘤细胞排列疏松,呈微囊状.结论 MCM是颅内少见肿瘤,MRI表现有一定特点,T2WI呈明亮高信号,增强后呈明显强化,MRI对其诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要临床价值.     

鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤的MR鉴别诊断

目的探讨鞍旁海绵状血管瘤与脑膜瘤的MR鉴别诊断要点。方法收集我院经手术病理证实的6例鞍旁海绵状血管瘤和15例鞍旁脑膜瘤的影像资料,比较两者MRI平扫及增强扫描表现的不同之处。结果鞍旁海绵状血管瘤以稍长T1、长T2为主要表现,DWI呈等信号,ADC值约为1.63×10-3 mm2/s,增强扫描3例早期明显均匀强化,3例延迟后均匀强化,邻近颞叶无水肿,颈内动脉海绵窦段包绕或被推压。鞍旁脑膜瘤表现为等T1、等T2信号常见,DWI呈等或略高信号,ADC值约为0.93×10-3 mm2/s,病变明显强化,12例可见"脑膜尾征"。结论鞍旁海绵状血管瘤T2WI呈明显高信号、ADC值高,脑膜瘤可见"脑膜尾征"。     

血管瘤型脑膜瘤MRI表现及临床病理对照

目的 探讨血管瘤型脑膜瘤的MRI特点.方法 收集12例经手术病理证实的颅内血管瘤型脑膜瘤,回顾性分析其MRI特点及病理学表现.结果 1例位于小脑幕,T1WI呈略高信号,T2WI呈等信号;1例位于右侧颞叶内;1例位于右侧侧脑室,1例位于左侧桥小脑角区,余8例位于大脑半球凸面,病灶均呈长T1长T2信号,增强扫描明显强化.病灶内可见流空血管信号影,无钙化灶,1例可见出血灶,3例发生坏死、囊变,9例可见瘤周水肿.结论 血管瘤型脑膜瘤具有较特征性的MRI表现.     

恶性脑膜瘤MRI表现与病理的相关性研究

目的 探讨恶性脑膜瘤MRI征象与病理分型及恶性程度的关系.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的31例恶性脑膜瘤MRI表现.结果 Ⅱ型脑膜瘤形态规整,伴有瘤周中度水肿,增强后瘤实质明显均匀强化.其中透明细胞型脑膜瘤T2WI上呈毛玻璃样均匀高信号,边界清楚,伴有轻度瘤周水肿.非典型脑膜瘤呈等T1等T2信号影,其内多见坏死.Ⅲ型脑膜瘤瘤实质信号混杂,形态不规整,呈分叶状多中心生长,增强后不均匀强化.其中间变型脑膜瘤囊变多见.乳头型脑膜瘤常侵犯邻近颅骨,增强呈中度不均匀强化.横纹肌型脑膜瘤呈弥漫性片状生长,边界模糊,伴有囊变坏死及出血.结论 部分恶性脑膜瘤的MRI征象与病理分型及恶性程度具有相关性,结合MRI表现,可以提示恶性脑膜瘤的恶性程度以及病理分型.     

微囊型脑膜瘤的磁共振成像诊断

目的探讨微囊型脑膜瘤的磁共振成像（MRI）影像表现,以提高对本病的认识和诊断正确率。方法回顾性分析13例经病理证实的微囊型脑膜瘤的MRI平扫及增强扫描影像资料。结果 13例中病变位于额叶5例,颞叶2例,顶叶4例,右侧桥脑小脑角区1例,鞍区1例;9例平扫T₁WI呈低信号,T₂WI呈明显高信号,增强后病变呈明显不均匀强化;4例平扫时T₁WI呈不均匀等低信号,T₂WI呈不均匀等高混杂信号,增强后病变呈明显不均匀强化;6例可见脑膜尾征;8例可见中、重度瘤周水肿。结论微囊型脑膜瘤是颅内少见肿瘤,其MRI表现有一定特点,对其诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要临床价值。     

血管瘤型脑膜瘤的MRI表现与病理特征

目的探讨血管瘤型脑膜瘤其MRI影像表现与病理学特征。方法对9例经临床病理证实的血管瘤型脑膜瘤其常规MRI表现、DWI、ADC值及病理特征进行回顾性统计分析。结果 9例血管瘤型脑膜瘤中发生于大脑凸面5例,蝶骨嵴1例,大脑镰旁3例。7例肿瘤T_1WI呈低信号,T_2WI呈高信号,2例肿瘤T_1WI、T_2WI均呈等信号。7例肿瘤示血管流空征象,6例肿瘤周围可见明显水肿,2例伴有肿瘤内部囊变坏死,7例肿瘤T_1WI增强序列呈明显强化,9例肿瘤DWI均呈等或稍高信号。肿瘤平均ADC值(1.29×10~(-3)mm~2/s)大于对侧正常脑实质(0.89×10~(-3)mm~2/s)(t=8.32,P0.01)。病理学检查所有肿瘤内均示大量微血管结构,肿瘤波形蛋白染色均呈阳性或弱阳性,上皮膜抗原阳性。结论血管瘤型脑膜瘤具有特征性病理结构及MRI表现,常规MRI、DWI及ADC值联合分析能够对此肿瘤的正确诊断提供帮助。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.