老年人高脂血症,脂蛋白水平与微量元素关系的探讨

本文测定了91例老年人的血清14种微量元素,同时测定血甘油三酯、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。结果表明:高甘油三酯血症组血清锌、锰、铬、钴明显低于正常血脂组,且锌/铜比值与HDL-C/LDL-C呈负相关;而高胆固醇血症组血清锰、铬、钴偏低。提示微量元素的代谢失调在高脂血症、动脉硬化的发病中起一定作用。     

微量元素铜、锌对实验性动脉粥样硬化形成和消退的影响

本文研究铜锌比值不同的饲料对实验性动脉粥样硬化形成和消退的影响。在“形成”实验末和“消退”实验末,低铜锌比饲料组与高铜锌比饲料组相比,血清铜值较小,锌值较大、铜锌比值较小、总胆固醇值较大、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇值较小,动脉粥样硬化程度较重,各项对比均有显著或非常显著差异。“形成”实验末有关数据的相关性检验证实,铜锌比值与总胆固醇值,铜锌比值与总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值,总胆固醇值与动脉粥样硬化的斑块计分值,均呈非常显著的相关关系(P<0.01)。本文认为,微量元素铜与锌,特别是铜锌比值,通过影响脂质代谢而影响动脉粥样硬化,低铜锌比饲料加重动脉粥样硬化。     

冠心病患者头发锌、铜、锰含量的测定

微量元素对人类的重要的生理及病理意义,已引起国内外学者的极大重视。并进行了广泛的研究。本文采用wyx-40z原子吸收分光光度计对30例男性老年冠心病患者头发铜、锌,锰及锌/铜值进行测定, 并与同性别,年龄的健康人比较,以探讨人发微量元素与冠心病关系。结果表明:冠心病患者发锌与对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05),发铜含量明显低于对照组(P<0.01);发锰含含量显明高于对照组(P<0.01); 发锌/铜值明显高于对照组。结果提示冠心病可能与铜长期缺乏有关。本文又对发铜胆固醇,发铜缺乏程度与冠心病病情进行相关分析,均获得阳性结果。有些学者研究表明,高锌低饲饮食或体内锌/铜值增大,可引起体内胆固醇代谢紊乱,易发生冠心病。本文支持这一论点。因此,冠心病患者在膳食上有必要适当注意铜的补充。     

微量元素与某些老年病关系的探讨

本文就血清中铜、锌、铁、钙、镁、锰、铬、锶八种微量元素与四组老年病关系研究结果表明:冠心病组血清中锌、铬明显下降,铁升高,与对照组比较有显著差异。急性呼吸道感染组铜、铁、锶增高,锌、铬下降。亦有明显差异。急性脑梗塞组锌、铬下降,锶增高,仍有显著差异。糖尿病组锌、锰、铬明显下降,锶增高,同样有明显差异。四组老年病患者中血清铬、锌均下降,提示铬、锌元素与某些老年病有着密切关系。     

肺炎患儿血清中微量元素含量的临床探讨

目的研究肺炎患儿血清中铜、锌、铁、镁、钙等微量元素的含量的变化情况。方法选择50例肺炎的患儿作为观察组,随机选择同期在我院门诊健康体检的50例健康儿童作为对照组,分别测定两组患儿血清中微量元素铜、锌、铁、镁、钙的含量。结果观察组中患有肺炎的患儿血清中的铜、锌、钙的含量明显低于对照组,具有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组中患有重症肺炎的患儿血清中钙。镁、铁、锌、铜的含量都比轻症肺炎患儿显著降低,具有显著差异性(P<0.01)。结论肺炎患儿血清中钙、铁、锌、铜、镁等微量元素的代谢紊乱,故应对肺炎患儿进行血微量元素的检测,并对缺乏者给予合理的补充治疗,以助疾病的迅速恢复。     

老年冠心病患者氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白与微量元素代谢变化的关系

目的探讨老年冠心病患者机体微量元素代谢与低密度脂蛋白氧化之间的关系。方法测定６０例老年冠心病患者及３６例正常人血浆氧化低密度脂蛋白（ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ）水平,同时测定血清锌、硒、铜等１３种元素及血清铜蓝蛋白（ＣＰ）、铁蛋白（ＳＦ）、脂质、脂蛋白等。各检测指标与ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ行直线相关分析及多因素逐步回归分析。结果冠心病组血浆ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ、血清ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、铜、ＣＰ、ＳＦ、铜／锌水平均显著高于正常对照组,血清硒、锌、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、铬水平均显著低于正常对照组。ＴＧ、铜、ＣＰ、铜／锌与ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ呈显著正相关,而ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、硒、锌与ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ呈显著负相关。多因素逐步回归分析表明硒、锌、铜、铁等微量元素可影响低密度脂蛋白的氧化。结论铁、铜可能促进体内ＯＸ－ＬＤＬ的形成,而硒、锌对低密度脂蛋白的氧化可能起保护作用。     

微量元素与冠心病危险因素

越来越多的证据提示,冠心病的发病与转归同微量元素代谢密切相关。本文仅以一些公认的冠心病危险因素出发,谈谈必需微量元素铜、锌、铁、铬、锰、硒、钒等代谢紊乱及有害元素铅、镉等异常蓄积与冠心病的关系。 脂质代谢异常 脂质代谢异常被认为是冠心病主要危险因素之一。常表现为高胆固醇血症,高甘油三酯血症及脂蛋白代谢紊乱。 就目前所知,与脂质代谢关系较密切的微量元     

冠心病患者氧化低密度脂蛋白与微量元素水平的关系

目的：探讨冠心病患者机体微量元素代谢改变与氧化低密度脂蛋白之间的关系。方法：测定６０例冠心病患者（冠心病组）及３６例正常人（正常对照组）的血浆氧化低密度脂蛋白（ＯＸＬＤＬ）和血清锌、硒、铜等１３种元素及血清铜蓝蛋白（ＣＰ）、铁蛋白（ＳＦ）、脂质、脂蛋白水平，各检测指标与ＯＸＬＤＬ行直线相关分析及多因素逐步回归分析。结果：冠心病组血浆ＯＸＬＤＬ、血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、低密度脂蛋白、铜、铜蓝蛋白、铁蛋白、铜／锌水平显著高于正常对照组，血清硒、锌、高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬＣ）、铬水平显著低于正常对照组。直线相关分析表明甘油三酯、铜、铜蓝蛋白、铜／锌与ＯＸＬＤＬ呈显著正相关，而ＨＤＬＣ、硒、锌与ＯＸＬＤＬ呈显著负相关。多因素逐步回归分析表明硒、锌、铜、铁可影响低密度脂蛋白的氧化。结论：铁、铜可能促进ＯＸＬＤＬ的形成，硒、锌对低密度脂蛋白的氧化可能起保护作用     

必需微量元素与燃煤污染型砷中毒关系探讨

目的 探讨硒、锌、铜、铁、钴、铬、钼7种必需微量元素与燃煤污染型砷中毒的关系.方法 以贵州省兴仁县交乐乡燃煤污染型砷中毒病区为调查点,采用分层抽样方法选择砷暴露者(包括病区非病人及轻、中、重度患者)139例为暴露组;同时选择距病区约13 km的非砷污染村村民34例为对照组.采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定病区和对照区燃煤、土壤、大米、玉米和辣椒以及暴露组和对照组头发、血液和尿液中砷、硒、锌、铜、铁、钴、铬及钼元素水平.结果 病区燃煤、土壤、玉米和辣椒中含砷量分别为4.894、146.551、0.522、1.440 mg/kg,分别高于对照区的1.980、50.167、0.296、0.948 mg/kg(P＜0.05或＜0.01);病区土壤中含硒量为5.038 mg/kg,低于对照区的8.948 mg/kg(P＜0.05);病区土壤中含铜、铁、铬量及玉米中含铁量分别为44.114、5731.500、98.323、89.996 mg/kg,分别高于对照区的13.473、1298.430、36.839、57.391 mg/kg(P均＜0.05).暴露组发砷和尿砷分别为1.985 mg/kg和149.593 μg/g Cr,分别高于对照组的0.670 mg/kg和49.853μg/g Cr(P均＜0.01);暴露组发硒为1.706 mg/kg,低于对照组的2.405 mg/kg(P＜0.01);暴露组发铁、发铬、血铜及血铜/锌比值分别为88.295、8.933 mg/kg、1.053 mg/L和0.074,分别高于对照组的47.970、4.099 mg/kg、0.934 mg/L和0.065(P＜0.01或＜0.05).发硒与病情发展呈负相关(r=-0.414,P＜0.01);发铁、发铬和血铜/锌比值与病情发展呈正相关(r值分别为0.271、0.261和0.250,P均＜0.01).结论 病区环境高砷同时存在低硒、高铜、高铁和高铬现象.暴露组发硒偏低,发铁、发铬、血铜和血铜/锌比值偏高,与环境中元素水平变化趋势一致,且与病情发生发展有一定联系.     

新疆和田维吾尔族老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者血清铜铁锌含量的变化

目的 探讨新疆和田地区维吾尔族农村老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者与非COPD者血清微量元素铜、铁、锌的含量及其相关性.方法 COPD组150例和非COPD组150例,以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其血清铜、铁、锌的含量,并对比分析其相关性.结果 COPD组血清锌的含量与非COPD组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组血清铜和铁、铁和锌的含量均呈负相关.结论 COPD稳定期患者与非COPD者血清铜、铁、锌含量有差异,COPD组血清锌明显低于非COPD组.     

Relative value of plasma copper, zinc, lipids and lipoproteins as markers for coronary artery disease

Studies in experimental animals have suggested an association between dietary copper deficiency, alone or with an attendant elevated intake of zinc, and an increase in serum total cholesterol. These findings led some to theorize that a dietary imbalance of zinc and copper may be a factor in the etiology of coronary heart disease. Plasma zinc and copper levels were measured in 60 adult male patients with confirmed coronary artery disease and compared with serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins in the same patients. The results were compared to the accepted values in normal adult males. In subjects with significant coronary artery atherosclerosis (greater than or equal to 50% luminal occlusion) there was no correlation between plasma zinc or copper with serum lipids or lipoproteins. However, total cholesterol was significantly correlated with low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and inversely correlated with HDL-C : T-Chol ratio. Although dietary zinc and/or copper may influence the plasma levels of these trace metals, our studies show that there was no association between plasma zinc or copper and the serum levels of lipids or lipoproteins; we believe that this indicates that these trace metals are of doubtful value as markers for coronary atherosclerosis.     

冠心病患者瘦素含量与一氧化氮水平的相关性研究

目的研究冠心病患者血清瘦素(Lep)和一氧化氮(NO)的相关性。方法选择92例冠心病患者和60例正常人,分别测量血压(BP),检测血清Lep、NO、血糖(BS)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)。结果冠心病患者血清Lep含量[(14.67±6.02)ng/ml]明显高于对照组(P<0.01),血清NO含量[(49.84±8.97)μmol/L]低于对照组(P<0.01)。冠心病患者血清Lep和NO呈负相关("=-0.437,P<0.01)。结论冠心病患者血清Lep含量较正常人明显增高,而血清NO含量低于正常人。冠心病患者血清Lep和NO呈负相关。     

广西巴马地区大米和玉米中微量元素的检测

目的 检测广西巴马地区老人主食大米和玉米中微量元素含量,并探讨其与长寿的可能关系.方法 随机选取当地老人正在食用的主食大米样品23份和玉米样品25份,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定大米和玉米中Al、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mg、K、Mn、Na、P、Pb、Zn的含量.结果 与非长寿区域相比,巴马长寿区域种植的玉米及大米中有害有毒重金属物质Al、Cd、Pb的含量均较低,而Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg、K、Mn、P、Zn等8种微量元素含量丰富,玉米中Al、Pb、Mn、P两组之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),大米中所有元素,两组之间比较差异不显著.结论 巴马长寿区域与非长寿区域老人的主食中大米和玉米的微量元素的组成不同,其与巴马长寿的关系值得进一步研究.     

高血压性心脏病血清微量元素的测定及意义

目的研究老年高血压性心脏病（ＨＨＤ）血清中铜、锌、铁、钙、镁含量变化及意义。方法２４例老年ＨＨＤ患者血清中微量元素均采用原子吸收分光光度计测定。结果ＨＨＤ患者血清钙含量高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），铜、锌、铁、镁的含量低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＨＨＤ患者血清铜含量明显低于高血压病组（Ｐ＜０．０１），钙、锌、铁、镁含量变化不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论低铜可促进老年ＨＨＤ的发生     

冠心病患者血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶水平变化及临床意义

目的 研究冠心病患者血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）与冠心病严重程度及主要危险因素的关系。方法 对笔者医院888例冠心病患者行冠状动脉造影、超声检查,并检测血清GGT、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平。结果 与GGT正常组相比,GGT升高组ALT、AST增加,TG上升,HDL-C下降,LVEF下降,Gensini评分升高。且GGT与ALT、AST、TC、TG、LDL-C和Gensini评分呈正相关,与LVEF和HDL-C呈负相关。结论 冠心病患者血清GGT水平与冠心病严重程度及冠心病的主要危险因素有关。     

老年冠心病患者血清脂质与脂质过氧化的关系

本文观察了４４例老年冠心病者及３０例健康老年人血脂水平及丙二醛和超氧化物歧化酶的血清含量。     

Analysis of Indian cholesterol gallstones by particle-induced X-ray emission and thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry

OBJECTIVES: It has been reported that the role of some minor elements plays a significant role in the formation of gallstones. The relationship between minor and trace element concentrations was established in the present investigation and the trace element profile of the current investigation was compared with the literature values of south Indian gallstone samples in order to determine their possible role in stone formation and growth. The rate of weight loss and classification of cholesterol type of gallstones were also investigated by thermal analysis. BASIC METHODS: The trace element profile of the cholesterol gallstones was determined by proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopic technique and the thermal properties of the cholesterol stones were studied by thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry analysis. RESULTS: It was observed that 14 minor/trace elements, namely S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br and Pb, were present in the cholesterol stone samples. The average concentration of Fe in south Indian (Chennai region) gallstone samples (503.4 ppm) is about 2.5 times more than that of the east Indian gallstone samples (205.0 ppm), whereas the concentration of Fe is still higher in other parts of south India (848.2 ppm) as analysed by Ashok et al. CONCLUSIONS: The higher concentration of Cu (in some parts of south India except the Chennai region) and Fe in south Indian cholesterol stone samples may be due to the intake of tamarind (Garcinia camborginia) as their regular food. The thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry curves provided information on the thermal decompositions of cholesterol stones.     

Urinary excretion and blood concentrations of trace elements and electrolytes during total parenteral nutrition in crohn's disease

Urinary excretion of trace elements (Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn, Sb, Cs, Rb), electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, Mg, phosphate), and nitrogen were determined during days 1–5 and 54–79 of total parenteral nutrition (TPN, nil per os) given to six patients with Crohn's disease. Whole-blood concentrations of Cr, Fe, Zn, Cs, and Rb and serum concentrations of electrolytes were determined before the TPN and on days 54–79 of TPN. The 24-hr urinary excretion of zinc was lower on days 54–79 than on days 1–5, but the rates of excretion of the other essential trace elements during TPN displayed no significant change. The urinary excretion of Cu, Fe, and Mn was numerically lower than the intravenous administration of these elements during days 1–5 and 54–79 of TPN, whereas the urinary excretion of zinc was lower than the supply only during days 54–79. The whole-blood concentration of zinc was low but constant during TPN, whereas the initially low levels of Cr and Fe were normalized on days 54–79. The results suggest that the supply of the essential trace elements Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn was largely adequate during two to three months of TPN and that the human body may adapt to a somewhat low supply of zinc, 20–30 mol/24 hr.     

Concentration of elements in plasma of patients with essential hypertension

Disturbances in macro- and microelements composition may play a significant role in the development of essential hypertension. The aim of the study was to estimate main and trace elements concentration in plasma of hypertensive patients. The study involved 150 subjects, aged 33-60 years, who were allotted into 2 groups: I--50 clinically healthy subjects (controls), II--100 patients with arterial hypertension. Age and sex ratio were similar in the examined groups. Those subjected to the study were not administered any drugs at least 3 months prior to the determination of macro- and microelements. Determinations of trace elements Ca, F, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo, Al, Cd, Fb, Mu, Se, Cr, Co, Li, V, B, Ba, were performed with atomic emission spectrometer with plasmic excitation (ICP MS Philips PU). In group II in comparison to group I (controls) higher values of Fe, Pb, Al, Cd, Co, B i Ba were observed, as well as higher Zn/Cu ratio; but lower values of Cu and lower Ca/Pb, Ca/Al, Zn/Fe, Se/Fe, Zn/Al, Zn/Cd, Se/Pb, Se/Al, Se/Cd ratio. Increase of prooxidative and decrease,of antioxidative elements in plasma may significantly contribute to the essential hypertension pathogenesis probably through oxidative stress development.