心房颤动时射频消融左侧显性房室旁道

报道心房颤动（简称房颤）时射频融左侧显性房室旁道（ＡＰ）成功２例，以探讨房颤时显性ＡＰ准确定位和成功射频消融的可能性２例患者分别随访４和６个月，未发作室上性心动过速及房颤。提示房颤时射频消融左侧显性ＡＰ是可行的。消融成功的靶点电图特点为：（１）不规则小ＡＩ皮和大Ｖ波。（２）振幅较大的ＡＰ电位。提出ＡＰ前传阻滞后，应于窦性心律时检测其逆传功能。     

射频消融改良房室结控制特发性心房颤动所致快速心室率

采用射频消融改良房室结的方法控制７例特发性心房颤动（简称房颤）病人的快速心室率。５例持续性房颤在房颤时消融，２例阵发性房颤在窦性心律时消融，平均放电６±４次，６例成功，１例失败。成功的病例术后复查动态心电图示静息时房颤的平均最大心室率和平均心室率分别从术前的１６５±１１和１３６±１０ｂｐｍ下降到１１１±１４和８８±１１ｂｐｍ（Ｐ均＜０．００１）。平均随访５±４月患者无明显症状，不服药静息心室率均低于１１０ｂｐｍ，有１例阵发性房颤发作显著减少。结果提示：对于症状明显、药物治疗无效的特发性快速房颤的病例，射频消融改良房室结是控制心室率安全和有效的方法。有关机理和远期疗效有待进一步评价     

射频消融房室交界区和植入起搏器治疗心房颤动

目的 对9例阵发性心房颤动(房颤)和8例慢性房颤患者行房室交界区消融和植入起搏器(Abl+Pm)治疗,探讨这一方法的临床治疗效果。方法 经右股静脉植入4极电极导管于右心室心尖部和4极大头消融导管至房室交界区,于记录到希氏束电位处放电消融,直至出现三度房室阻滞,然后植入VVI或DDD起搏器。结果 所有患者均成功阻断房室交界区并植入起搏器。8例慢性房颤患者植入VVI起搏器,术后血流动力学稳定、临床症状改善,3个月后心胸比例由原来的0.62±0.04缩小为0.57±0.05,差异有显著性(P<0.05),心功能(NYHA分级)均提高Ⅰ级以上;9例阵发性房颤患者中,8例植入VVI起搏器,1例植入DDD起搏器,房颤发作时,8例无临床症状,1例仅有轻微心悸。随访1～47个月,无1例出现起搏器综合征、栓塞和心功能恶化。结论 房颤患者的Abl+Pm治疗可有效控制临床症状、改善心功能和提高生活质量。     

心房颤动时显性房室旁道的射频消融治疗

对 2 6例预激综合征患者于心房颤动 (简称房颤 )时射频消融显性房室旁道。其中左侧旁道 9例、右侧旁道17例 ,2 2例有阵发性房颤史。房颤发作伴旁道前传时的心室率为 171± 32 ( 132～ 2 37)bpm。采用经主动脉逆行法或穿间隔法消融左侧旁道、经股静脉途径消融右侧旁道 ,以最早心室前向激动点且有小A波处为消融靶点。房颤时成功消融靶点的V波较体表心电图预激波的起点提前 37.2± 8.1( 2 6～ 5 3)ms。放电 6± 3( 1～ 16 )次后 ,2 6例中有2 5例 ( 96 % )旁道前传被阻断 ,1例失败。阻断旁道前传后 30min ,3例自行恢复窦性心律 ,2 2例经直流电复律后恢复窦性心律 ,心室起搏示 2 5例中有 2 3例旁道逆传已被阻断 ,2例仍存在 ,经继续消融获得成功。随访 19.2± 11.7( 1～ 38)个月 ,除 1例复发正向前传型房室折返性心动过速 (O AVRT) ,经再次消融旁道逆传成功外 ,其他患者无O AVRT发作及旁道前传恢复的证据。结论 :心房颤动时射频消融显性房室旁道方法可行、成功率高     

导管射频消融改良房室结治疗快心室率心房颤动结果的评价

采用房室结有效不应期和文氏点、心房肌波长指数，心室率等指标的变化评价导管射频消融改良房室结治疗心房颤动的疗效。方法９例患者，８例为阵发性房颤，１例持续发性房颤。７例诊断特发性房颤。电生理检查与导管射频消融一次完成。     

经导管射频消融治疗乙灶性心房颤动

报道１９例局灶性心房颤动（简称房颤）射频消融治疗的结果,其中药物治疗无效且发作频繁（〉１次／日）的阵发性房颤１７例、慢性房颤２例。１７例患者尚同时合并有频发房性早搏（简称房早）（动态心电图显示〉７００个／日）。同步记录高位右房、冠状静脉窦及左、右上肺静脉电图。根据房早或房颤开始发作时的心房激动顺序确定异位兴奋灶部位,以局部双极科较体表心电图Ｐ波起点最提前处为消融靶点。成功标准为消融后６０ｍｉｎ内房     

心房颤动时射频消融左侧显性房室旁道（附二例报告）

报道心房颤动（简称房颤）时射频消融左侧显性房室旁道（ＡＰ）成功２例，以探讨房颤时显性ＡＰ准确定位和成功射频消融的可能性。２例患者分别随访４和６个月，未发作室上性心动过速及房颤。提示房颤时射频消融左侧显性ＡＰ是可行的。消融成功的靶点电图特点为：①不规则小Ａ波和大Ｖ波。②振幅较大的ＡＰ电位。提出ＡＰ前传阻滞后，应于窦性心律时检测其逆传功能     

射频消融治疗快速心律失常房室结损伤的预防

目的 总结经验教训,提高射频消融的安全性。方法 回顾分析了10例射频消融并发房室结损伤的病例,提出其预防及处理方法。结果 400例射频消融术中并发房室结损伤10例（占2.5%）,其中发生Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞（AVB）需要安装永久起搏器2例（占0.50%),一过性Ⅲ度AVB、一过性Ⅱ度Ⅰ型AVB和和一过性Ⅰ度AVB共8例（占2.00%)。结论 射频消融并发房室结的损伤与操作的经验有关,严格操作规程,纯熟掌握操作技术和影响学知识,严密监测消融中心电图变化,及时正确处理,可以使损伤减少到最低限度。     

射频导管消融改良房室结慢径路的方法学评价

为评价射频导管消融改良房室结慢径路的两种方法,对连续42例房室结内折返性心动过速患者分别采用下位法和后位法进行慢径路改良。结果总成功率97.6％,并发症率2.4％。认为;(1)下位法比后位法明显有效,但发生完全性心脏传导阻滞的危险性亦增加;(2)建议对年轻者(如≤55岁)优先采用后位法,对年长者可径用下位法,必要时可在消融电极心电图上保留较小的希氏束电位放电;(3)采用下位法时必须先以消融电极稳定记录到明确的希氏束电位后,再向下弯曲导管,以提高定位慢径路的准确性和减少心脏传导阻滞的发生;(4)放电中出现与窦性心律竞争的房室交接区性心律现象揭示消融有效,而出现房室交接区性心动过速则提示可能发生完全性传导阻滞。     

Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Versus Modification of the AV Node for Control of Rapid Ventricular Response in Atrial Fibrillation

AV Node Modification vs Ablation in AF. Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia, which is frequently difficult to control. Symptoms and ventricular dysfunction may be caused by a rapid ventricular response to atrial fibrillation. Radiofrequency catheter ablation techniques for ventricular rate control have been developed, including AV node modification and AV node ablation with pacemaker implantation. For both AV node modification and ablation, radiofrequency energy is applied via a 4-mm tipped electrode catheter. For AV node ablation radiofreqnency energy is applied near the compact AV node or His bundle via the right atrium, or occasionally at the His bundle via the left ventricle. For AV node modification radiofrequency energy is applied in the low middle or posterior septal right atrium near the tricuspid valve annulus. Both techniques can effectively control ventricular response to atrial fibrillation and the associated symptoms, although AV node modification is effective in only about 70% of patients compared to AV node ablation, which is effective in nearly 100%. In patients responding to AV node modification, maximal and mean ventricular response to atrial fibrillation is reduced by 25% to 35% chronically. Inadvertent AV block may occur during attempted AV node modification. It seems appropriate to attempt AV node modification prior to AV node ablation in patients with refractory atrial fibrillation and rapid ventricular response, in order to avoid the need for permanent pacemaker implantation. Although unproven, studies suggest that the mechanism by which AV node modification achieves ventricular rate control may he slow-pathway ablation in the low posterior septal right atrium.     

射频导管消融改良房室结术中发生一过性完全性房室传导阻滞的预后意义

目的：探讨射频导管消融改良房室结术中发生一过性完全性房室传导阻滞（ＴＣＡＶＢ）的预后意义。方法：对５６例房室结折返性心动过速病人行射频导管消融治疗。在射频导管消融术中发生ＴＣＡＶＢ者为Ｉ组（ｎ＝６），无ＴＣＡＶＢ者为Ｉ组（ｎ＝５０）。用ｔ检验和χ２检验对所有指标进行统计学分析。结果：两组的平均放电次数、释放能量、放电时间及Ａ／Ｖ比值均无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但消融电极位置偏高者Ｉ组占６６．７％，Ｉ组占１２．０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。在随访期间，Ｉ组２例（３３．３％）发生迟发性房室传导阻滞，Ｉ组则无迟发性房室传导阻滞发生（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：射频导管消融术中出现的ＴＣＡＶＢ与术后发生的迟发性房室传导阻滞密切相关。     

经导管射频消蚀治疗预激综合征及房室结双径路16例报告

以射频消蚀14例预激综合征(15例次)及2例房室结双径路患者.14例预激综合征患者共16条旁道,其中左游离壁11条,左后间隔、左中间隔、左后侧壁、右前间隔及右游离壁各1条.全部首次消蚀成功(100%).1例12小时后复发者再次消蚀成功.2例房室结双径路患者成功地阻断慢通道.无严重并发症.随访3～16周均未复发.     

Radiofrequency Modification of the Atrioventricular Node in Patients with Chronic Atrial Fibrillation:

RF Modification of AVN in AF. Introduction : We compared, in a prospective and randomized fashion with a cross-over design, the anterior and posterior approaches to radiofrequency (RF) modification of the AV node in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.
Methods and Results : Thirty-three patients were randomized to receive first an anterior (group I) or posterior (group II) approach for RF modification of AV nodal conduction. Patients who did not fill the endpoint ventricular rate (< 90 beats/min) were crossed over to the alternative approach. After the anterior approach in group I patients, mean ventricular rate was significantly lower than in group II patients after the posterior approach (79.6 ± 18.8 beats/min vs 110.8 ± 16.2 beats/min, P < 0.001). In group I, 14 (82%) of 17 patients fulfilled the endpoint, 1 (6%) had complete AV block, and 2 (12%) were crossed over to the posterior approach fulfilling the endpoint. In group II, 4 (25%) of 16 patients fulfilled the endpoint. No transient or permanent high-degree AV block was observed. Among the 12 patients who were crossed over to the anterior approach, 8 fulfilled the endpoint, whereas 4 had permanent high-degree AV block. RF ablation carried out only in the anterior region was safer than a stepwise approach (6% vs 33% incidence of AV block), even though the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.09).
Conclusion : Posterior AV nodal modification is less effective but safer than anterior AV nodal modification. However, to reduce the incidence of AV block, the anterior approach is preferable to a stepwise approach from the posterior to the anterior zone.     

射频消蚀治疗预激综合征81例报告

以射频电流对81例预激综合征伴阵发性室上性心动过速患者的房室旁路进行消蚀。76例(93.8％)患者的83条旁路(94.3％)被阻断。平均放电12次,平均消蚀时程2.3小时,随访7个月,2例(2.5％)复发但成功地进行第二次消蚀,无严重并发症。     

Clinical Characteristics and Efficacy of Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Objective

This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effect of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

经导管射频消融改良房室结治疗房室结折返性心动过速

报道24例病人经射频消融(RFCA)慢径改良房室结治疗房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)的研究结果。RFCA后24例病人均不再诱发AVNRT(100％),其中23例慢径传导消失(95.8％),1例慢径传导明显减慢(4.2％)。认为RFCA改良慢径对房室和室房传导没有明显影响,其消融成功的可能预测指标为:X线影象消融电极位于房室结后下部、消融电极图A/V<0.4,放电出现交界性早搏或并行性交界性心律。     

利用单极标测在心房颤动时消融显性房室旁道

对12例预激综合征患者在心房颤动时以单极标测指导消融房室旁道，其中左侧显性旁道9例、右侧显性旁道3例。在消融成功的靶点图上，单极标测的心室激动较体表心电图QRS波群显示预激成分最明显的Delta波平均提前46±7ms。全部病例消融成功。平均随访7．9±5．1个月，除1例右侧旁道4个月后恢复旁道前向传导需再次消融外，其余11例常规和动态心电图既未见Delta波，也无房室折返性心动过速和心房颤动发生。结果提示对于心房颤动合并显性房室旁道的患者，采用单极标测，其图形易于迅速辨认、测量方法亦简单，用以指导消融成功率高。     

持续性心房颤动合并心力衰竭患者经射频导管消融后的心功能变化

目的 评价持续性心房颤动合并心力衰竭患者经射频导管消融（下称＂消融＂）治疗后的心功能变化. 方法 23例持续性心房颤动合并心力衰竭患者接受消融治疗和抗心力衰竭药物治疗.随访12个月时有15例患者仍为窦性心律或阵发性心房颤动,比较该组患者术前、术后3个月和术后12个月的左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）、左心房内径（LAD）,X线胸片中心胸比例和6min步行距离. 结果 术后3个月与术前比较,LAD缩小而 LVEF增加（均P〈0.05＝,其他参数无明显变化（均P〉0.05）.术后12个月与术前及术后3个月比较,LVEF和6min步行距离增加（均P〈0.05＝,而LVEDd,LAD和心胸比例缩小（均P〈0.05）. 结论 持续性心房颤动合并心力衰竭患者经消融治疗后,长期维持窦性心律者心功能得到明显改善.