自制中药漱口液防治大肠癌化疗患者口腔溃疡的效果

目的探讨自制中药漱口液防治大肠癌化疗患者口腔溃疡的效果。方法将97例行亚叶酸钙／氟尿嘧啶化疗的大肠癌患者随机分为观察组（50例）和对照组（47例）．分别用中药漱口液和朵贝氏液从化疗前2d开始于餐前、餐后和睡前漱口。结果观察组发生口腔溃疡的程度显著轻于对照组（P〈0．05）。两组不同程度口腔渍疡治愈所需时间比较，差异无显著性意义（均P〉0．05）。结论以黄芪、银花、甘草为主的中药漱口液可预防亚叶酸钙／氟尿嘧啶化疗引起的口腔溃疡．同时能减轻口腔溃疡程度。     

奥沙利铂联合氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙术前化疗对大肠癌细胞早期凋亡的影响

目的　观察奥沙利铂联合氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙诱导大肠癌细胞早期凋亡的效果。方法　大肠癌患者 2 1例 ,术前 1周应用奥沙利铂联合氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙化疗 ,术中取大肠癌组织 ,应用流式细胞术 (AV与PI双参数法 )检测其凋亡 ;并与 2 0例术前未化疗的大肠癌患者进行比较。结果　术前化疗组 (治疗组 )大肠癌细胞凋亡比例明显高于术前未化疗组 (对照组 ) (P <0 .0 1 )。结论　奥沙利铂联合氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙化疗可通过促进大肠癌细胞凋亡而发挥其抗癌作用     

时辰化疗在结肠癌肝转移中的应用

目的目前,大量的临床及实验室资料证实,肿瘤患者的化疗效果受给药时间的影响。经过多年的研究,如今大部分的化疗药已经具备了部分时辰化疗方面的基础和临床研究数据。自1985年Hrushesky率先运用阿霉素和DDP进行卵巢癌时辰治疗以来,恶性肿瘤时辰化疗的基础与临床研究成为一个非常活跃的领域。目前,国内外相关资料显示时辰化疗已广泛应用于各种恶性肿瘤的化学治疗中,如胃癌、肠癌、鼻咽癌、肺癌、恶性淋巴瘤、肾癌、乳腺癌等恶性肿瘤,并且取得了可喜效果,其主要优势是时辰化疗的疗效显著高于常规化疗,且其毒副作用显著低于常规化疗,达到了减毒增效的目的 ,能改善患者生存质量,延长生存期。结肠癌肝转移方面尚未见大宗文献报道。本课题研究通过时辰化疗与常规化疗在结肠癌肝转移中的临床应用,以观察两种治疗方式的近期疗效及毒副作用。方法两组病例肝转移灶均初始无手术切除指征,行肝动脉置化疗泵术后,经肝动脉灌注化疗。所用药物及剂量均相同。L-OHP 50 mg,第1~3天,5-FU,第1~5天。CF 0.2,全身静脉给药,第1~5天。常规化疗组用药时间安排在正常上班的8 am~5 pm,时辰化疗组采用法国AGUETTANT公司提供的M elod ie多通道编程输液泵,以正弦曲线形式,5-FU与CF从10 pm到10 am连续12 h给药,4 am达给药高峰;L-OHP则从10 am到10pm连续给药,4 pm达给药高峰。患者化疗前均行CT检查,化疗3周期后复查CT,评价化疗的毒副反应及疗效。结果时辰化疗组总有效率为68.0%,常规辅助化疗组为29.1%,时辰化疗组近期客观疗效明显优于常规组,差异具有显著性(χ2=7.389,P0.01)。化疗后继行手术切除的患者,时辰化疗组为44%,常规辅助化疗组为12%,差异具有显著性(χ2=5.9535,P0.05)。毒副反应方面,时辰化疗组发生静脉炎、末梢神经炎明显少于常规组病人,发生率分别为4%、28%和70.8%、62.5%(P0.05),其它毒副反应两组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论 1时辰化疗组在治疗结肠癌肝转移中较常规化疗组能显著提高疗效及手术切除率。2时辰化疗组毒副反应较常规化疗组显著减轻,耐受增强。     

肝硬化时开普拓用药影响的实验研究

目的探讨肝硬化对开普拓代谢、副作用及抗肿瘤作用的影响。方法实验分4组,A组为正常对照组(开普拓给药100mg/kg);B、C、D组为肝硬化组(开普拓给药分别为100、60、30mg/kg)。用高效液相色谱法检测给药后开普拓及SN-38血药浓度变化,观察副作用及抗肿瘤作用。结果肝硬化时小鼠对开普拓及SN-38的代谢均减弱,尤其以对SN-38的影响为明显。开普拓给药后A、B、C、D组体重减少最大值(g)分别为7.3±3.0,12.7±2.3,6.3±5.6,3.2±1.7,B组与各组间差异有显著意义。白细胞减少最大值(个/mm3)分别为655±100,1695±420,800±145,240±230,除A组与C组间外,其余各组间差异有显著意义。治疗后肿瘤直径(cm)分别为1.7±0.3,1.1±0.4,1.6±0.3,1.9±0.1,B组与各组间差异有显著意义。结论小鼠肝硬化时开普拓代谢减慢,副作用明显增加,同时抗肿瘤作用也可能增强。     

替吉奥联合草酸铂治疗胃癌52例

目的：探讨替吉奥联合草酸铂治疗胃癌的疗效、生存质量和毒副反应。方法：将104例晚期胃癌患者随机分为两组,对照组52例,采用5-氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙加草酸铂化疗,治疗组采用替吉奥＋草酸铂化疗。治疗2个周期后,对其近期有效率、疾病控制率、疾病进展时间、中位生存时间、1年生存率和毒副反应进行评价。结果：治疗组和对照组治疗有效率和疾病控制率分别为63.46%、82.69%和42.31%、69.23%。与对照组相比,治疗组生活质量明显改善,毒副反应轻。结论：替吉奥胶囊联合草酸铂方案治疗胃癌近期疗效较好,不良反应可以耐受。     

结直肠癌术后FOLFOX化疗神经毒性的防治

FOLFOX方案化疗即奥沙利铂、亚叶酸和氟尿嘧啶的联合化疗，临床证明具有较高疗效。该方案已成为结直肠癌术后化疗的标准方案和姑息治疗的重要手段。但其毒副反应较大，主要为神经毒副反应，一种是用药后较快出现的急性神经毒性，另一种是多周期用药后出现的剂量累积性慢性神经毒性。FOLFOX化疗的神经毒性常影响患者完成预定的治疗计划。笔者近年根据其可能的毒理机制，     

奥沙利铂联合5-FU、LV方案治疗结直肠癌52例的临床观察

目的观察奥沙利铂（L-OPH）联合氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）及亚叶酸钙（LV）用于52例结直肠癌术后患者化疗疗效和不良反应。方法52例结直肠癌术后患者,采用奥沙利铂（L-OPH）联合氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）及亚叶酸钙（Lv）方案治疗,每月重复1次,治疗3个周期后评价疗效。结果52例患者中完全缓解6例（11．5％）;部分缓解28例（53．8％）;近期有效率64．4％。主要不良反应为感觉神经毒性、骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应。无化疗相关死亡。结论奥沙利铂（L-OPH）联合氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）及亚叶酸钙（LV）方案治疗结直肠癌疗效显著,安全性高。结论不良反应经处理后均可耐受,无严重不良反应发生,可作为一种供选择方案。     

开普拓联合5-FU治疗5-FU耐药的晚期大肠癌

目的　观察开普拓 (CPT 11)联合 5 -氟尿嘧啶 (5 FU )治疗 5 FU耐药晚期大肠癌的效果。方法　随机将 3 0例经 5 FU治疗失败的晚期大肠癌的患者随机分为开CPT 11和CPT 11 5 FU组各15例 ,观察两组的近期疗效及不良反应。结果　CPT 11 5 FU组有效率为 5 3 .3 3 % ,CPT 11组为3 3 .4% ,有显著性差异 (P 0 .0 5 ) ,且患者的生活质量提高。结论　CPT 11对 5 FU化疗耐药晚期大肠癌患者有效 ;CPT 11联合 5 FU化疗可进一步提高疗效。CCPT 11 5 FU可成为一种治疗晚期大肠癌的联合方案。     

74例Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者术后放疗、化疗或联合放化疗的疗效比较

目的观察和评价Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung carcinoma,NSCLC）患者术后放疗、化疗和放化疗同步综合治疗的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法将在我院住院治疗的74例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者随机分成：A组（单纯术后放疗）24例、B组（单纯术后化疗）24例、C组（术后放化疗综合治疗）26例,A组采取60Coγ射线或者8MV．X射线常规分割治疗;B组采用以顺铂（cis-diamminedichloro．platinum,DDP）为主的化疗方案;C组采用NP方案联合放射治疗方案,比较三组近期疗效、中位生存时间及毒副反应。结果总有效率A组54．2％,B组62．5％,C组80．8％。结果显示C组明显高于A、B组（P〈0．05）。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制、消化道反应、放射性肺炎、放射性食管炎,经对症治疗后好转。结论化疗综合治疗Ⅲ期NSCLC可提高有效率,减少远处转移率,从而提高远期生存率。     

甲酰四氢叶酸钙漱口时机对甲氨蝶呤化疗患者口腔溃疡的影响

目的探讨骨肉瘤患者行大剂量甲氨蝶呤化疗时,甲酰四氢叶酸钙漱口时机对其口腔溃疡发生的影响。方法将90例大剂量甲氨蝶呤化疗的患者随机分为A、B组各45例。A组于开始输注甲氨蝶呤同时使用甲酰四氢叶酸钙漱口,B组于甲氨蝶呤输注后第2天开始使用甲酰四氢叶酸钙漱口,观察两组口腔黏膜炎分级。结果A组口腔黏膜炎分级显著轻于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论早期应用甲酰四氢叶酸钙漱口有利于保护口腔黏膜。     

Perioperative complications in patients undergoing major liver resection with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Systemic chemotherapy is used increasingly prior to resection of hepatic colorectal metastases. Previous reports have indicated an increased risk of perioperative complications associated with the use of systemic chemotherapy prior to resection. The purpose of this study was to investigate perioperative complications in patients receiving neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy consisting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) with or without CPT-11 within 6 months of major liver resection. A retrospective review of 108 patients undergoing major liver resection for colorectal metastases with curative intent from 1997 to 2002 was performed. Patient and tumor characteristics, perioperative parameters, and morbidity and mortality were measured. Forty-seven patients (44%) received no chemotherapy, 27 patients (25%) received systemic 5-FU/LV, and 34 (31%) received systemic 5-FU/LV/CPT-11. A significantly higher number of patients in the group treated with preoperative 5-FU/LV plus CPT-11 had multiple tumors. Patients in this group also tended to have smaller tumors, fewer complications, and a higher R0 margin resection rate, but these findings were not statistically significant. Median blood loss and length of hospital stay were also not significantly different. There were no perioperative deaths. We conclude that the use of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy and CPT-11 prior to major liver resection is not associated with increased morbidity or mortality. It may therefore provide a better therapeutic option, particularly in patients with multiple colorectal metastases. Presented as an abstract at the Fourth Biennial Congress of the American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (AHPBA), Miami Beach, Florida, February 27–March 2, 2003.     

伊立替康与氟嘧啶类联合治疗进展期及转移性结直肠癌的临床研究

目的探讨伊立替康(CPT11)与氟嘧啶类化合物在进展期及转移性结直肠癌治疗中的疗效与安全性。方法43例进展期或转移性结直肠癌随机分为2组,A组病例给予CPT1190～125mg/m2,持续静脉滴注10h(第1天)和四氢叶酸钙(FA)30mg·m-2·d-1+5FU425mg·m-2·d-1×2d(48h持续静脉滴注),每周给药1次,作为1个周期,连续应用不少于6个周期。B组病例则给予90～125mg/m2CPT11持续静脉滴注10h,每2周1次为1周期,同时给予卡培他滨1250mg·m-2·d-1,分2次口服,持续服用不少于6个月,亦即相当于不少于6个周期。结果全组总的有效率(ORR)44.2%,疾病控制率83.7%。A组有效率(RR)为31.3%,B组51.9%,全组平均病情缓解时间11.0个月,总生存率(OS)14.6个月,肝转移的RR为44.4%,肺转移的RR为66.7%,B组肝转移的RR为46.2%,A组为40.0%;B组肺转移的RR为83.3%,A组为33.3%。43例502周期化疗Ⅲ级副反应发生率为3.0%(15例次),无化疗相关死亡。在各种副反应中恶心呕吐的发生率最高,A组31.9%,但Ⅲ级者仅1例,B组22.7%,无Ⅲ级。B组副反应发生率中手足综合征较高(16.1%),Ⅲ级2例,A组仅1.4%,无Ⅲ级。总的副反应发生率B组明显低于A组。结论CPT11与氟嘧啶类化合物对进展期及转移性结直肠是有效的、安全的。CPT11与卡培他滨联合应用不但疗效更高,副反应明显减少,     

伊立替康联合氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸钙治疗转移性结直肠癌

目的观察伊立替康联合亚叶酸钙及氟尿嘧啶方案治疗FOLFOX4方案失败的晚期结直肠癌的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法用CPT-11联合5-FU/CF方案治疗晚期结直肠癌患者28例,采用2周方案化疗,至少2个周期,即CPT-11180mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;四氢叶酸200mg/m2静脉滴注,第1、2天;5-FU400mg/m2静脉推注,第1、2天;5-FU600mg/m2静脉滴注22h,第1、2天。按照WHO实体瘤近期客观疗效评定标准进行评价。结果全组28例患者均可评价疗效及不良反应。其中完全缓解0例,部分缓解10例,稳定9例,进展9例,有效率为35.7%。中位肿瘤进展时间TTP6.5个月,中位生存时间MST为12.5个月。不良反应主要是骨髓抑制,恶心、呕吐,脱发及延迟性腹泻。结论伊立替康联合5-FU/CF为二线治疗晚期结直肠癌安全有效的方案。     

Treatment of metastatic liver carcinoma: chemotherapy and immunotherapy

The treatment regimens that are considered to be effective against metastatic colorectal carcinoma and available in Japan are levofolinate calcium (Isovorin)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU), irinotecan hydrochloride (Topotecin, CPT-11), and repeated low-dose cisplatin/5-FU. In the USA and Europe, many randomized clinical trials of regimens combining CPT-11 or oxaliplatin (Oxa) with folinate calcium (Leucovorin, LV)/5-FU have been conducted. However, in Japan these three regimens are used sequentially based on the performance status of each patient, and the use of Oxa has not been approved. LV/UFT, and TS-1 will likely be approved soon for colorectal carcinoma. These two regimens may advance the strategy of chemotherapy for colorectal carcinoma. There is no report showing an obvious clinical effect of nonspecific immuno therapy against metastatic colorectal carcinoma. On the other hand, it has been clarified that monoclonal antibodies to the molecular targets such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) show a clear clinical effect when they are used together with chemotherapy. It is important to accumulate further evidence clarifying the best chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Furthermore, it is important that effective molecular-targeting drugs, including the monoclonal antibody to VEGF bevacizumab, become available in Japan soon.     

浆膜受侵的结直肠癌术后腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗的临床研究

目的探讨术后腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗与单纯静脉化疗对浆膜受侵的结直肠癌患者的I临床疗效。方法前瞻性非随机将332例浆膜受侵的结直肠癌根治术后患者分为联合化疗组（行腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗166例）和静脉化疗组（行单纯静脉化疗166例）,比较两组患者术后腹腔局部复发率、腹腔转移率、肝及其他远处转移率和患者3年、5年总体生存率。结果联合化疗组和静脉化疗组3年、5年总体生存率：ⅡB期两组病例比较,差异无统计学意义（X^2=0.612,P=0.434）;Ⅲ期病例两组比较,差异有统计学意义（X^2=3.989,P=0.046）。联合化疗组的腹腔局部复发率（1.9％）、腹腔转移率（3.8％）和肝转移率（3.8％）均显著低于静脉化疗组的8.2％、9.5％和10.1％（P〈0.05）,而两组其他远处（肺、骨、脑）转移率（5.1％比3.8％）比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。联合化疗组中,使用奥沙利铂组腹腔转移率和肝转移率（0.9％和0.9％）均显著低于使用顺铂组（8.8％和8.8％,P〈0.05）,两组局部复发率和远处转移率（0.9％和4.7％比3.5％和5.3％）比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论联合化疗可显著降低浆膜受侵的结直肠癌根治术后患者局部复发率、腹腔转移率与肝转移率,腹腔化疗中奥沙利铂在预防腹腔广泛转移和肝转移方面较顺铂效果更佳。     

Repeated hepatic intra-arterial chemotherapy based on results of anticancer drug sensitivity test in patients with synchronous hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer

OBJECTIVE: We determined whether hepatic intra-arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with synchronous hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, in whom the primary lesion was resectable but hepatic metastatic lesions were non-resectable helped improve survival time when administered on the basis of the results of the anticancer drug sensitivity test. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 29 patients with synchronous hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection of the primary lesion alone. Of these 29 patients, 21 received hepatic intra-arterial infusion of 5-FU postoperatively after the 5-FU sensitivity test. The remaining 8 patients underwent surgical resection of the primary lesion but neither sensitivity testing nor hepatic intra-arterial chemotherapy. Tissue fragments were cultured, with each concentration of 5-FU in the thermoreversible gelation polymer forming a three-dimensional structure at 37 degrees C. The viability of tumor cells was evaluated according to WST methods; inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) values were calculated. We considered cancer tissue to be sensitive to IC50 values that were below twice the peak plasma concentration (120 microg/ml). RESULTS: Of the 21 patients, 10 had sensitivity to 5-FU and 11 had no sensitivity. The response rates were 90.0% and 9.1%, respectively. The median survival times were 38 months and 10 months in these groups, respectively, and 7 months in patients who received no chemotherapy. This finding indicates a significantly longer survival time in the sensitive group, compared with either the insensitive group or the no chemotherapy group (P = .0014 P = .0023). The cumulative survival rate was significantly higher in the sensitive group compared with the insensitive group (P = .0001) CONCLUSIONS: Ultimately, the group with sensitivity to 5-FU showed a significantly longer median survival time than the insensitive group.     

进展期结直肠癌术后联合化疗的临床观察

目的：探讨进展期结直肠癌术后静脉联合腹腔化疗的临床疗效。方法：进展期结直肠癌根治术后102例随机分成联合化疗组（观察组）与静脉化疗组（对照组）各51例，观察两组病人化疗后不良反应、术后复发和转移情况及5年内生存率，并进行分析比较。结果：观察组的胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制和急性肾功能损害的发生率明显低于对照组，腹腔和肝转移率及局部复发率低于对照组（P〈0．05），而观察组的其他远处转移率与对照组无明显差异（P〉0．05），观察组2、3、4和5年的生存率分别为98．0％、88．2％、74．4％和62．0％，明显高于对照组（86．3％、70．4％、51．8％和31．9％。结论：术后行联合化疗，降低了化疗的毒副反应，降低了术后的复发率和转移率，延长生存期，是进展期结直肠癌术后理想的化疗方式。     

结直肠癌辅助门静脉持续灌注化疗与肠腔化疗疗效的对比研究

目的　比较结直肠癌根治术后经门静脉持续灌注 5 FU 7d与术中肠腔一次给药化疗对减少术后肝转移、提高术后远期疗效的作用。方法　行根治性手术的结直肠癌患者 16 2例 ,随机分为门静脉化疗组 (A组 ) 82例和肠腔化疗组 (B组 ) 80例 ,两组的年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、Dukes′分期等差异均无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。A组术中经大网膜静脉向门静脉插管 ,导管远端引出腹壁固定 ,术后即从门静脉导管持续给予 5 FU 1g/d ,连续 7d ,B组术中用肠腔化疗加一次性经大网膜静脉注射 5 FU。用SPSS8 0分析比较两组的近期并发症及远期疗效。结果　A组术后并发症较多 ,但平均住院时间及生存曲线等指标两组差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。全组 5年生存率 76 7% (A组74 3% ,B组 79 2 % )。用Gehan法检验两组生存曲线 ,其差异也无显著意义。全组肝转移率为19 8%。多因素分析显示 ,影响本组预后的因素为Dukes′分期 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　结直肠癌根治术后经门静脉持续灌注 5 FU 7d的辅助化疗方法与肠腔化疗对预防肝转移、提高生存率有一定的作用 ,二者疗效相当 ,但后者更简便     

Thymidine phosphorylase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in colorectal carcinoma and patients prognosis

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used for colorectal carcinoma. However, the therapeutic effect of 5-FU differs among patients. This difference may be based on the difference in sensitivity of carcinoma cells to 5-FU. The activities of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) are reported to be correlated with cancer cell sensitivity against 5-FU in vitro. We evaluated whether TP and DPD are useful markers of tumor sensitivity for 5-FU in colorectal carcinomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the TP and DPD in 189 patients with colorectal carcinoma using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in relation to patients prognosis. RESULTS: The tumors' mean TP activity was significantly higher than that of noncancerous tissues (100 vs. 47 U/mg protein), but the tumors' mean DPD activity was significantly lower than that of noncancerous tissues (58 vs. 84 U/mg protein). Tumor TP, DPD, and TP/DPD values were not correlated with tumor location or histological types of tumors. Even tumor TP and TP/DPD values in Dukes' stage A tumors were lower than those of other stages; DPD values were not correlated with tumor stages. In 100 patients who underwent intravenous adjuvant 5-FU chemotherapy, prognosis was not correlated with tumor-TP, DPD, or TP/DPD values. Moreover, in 20 patients with synchronous liver metastasis who underwent postoperative 5-FU therapy through the hepatic artery, the survival times of patients was not correlated with tumor-TP, DPD, or TP/DPD values. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that it is questionable to decide the indication of 5-FU chemotherapy according to tumor TP or DPD status in patients with colorectal cancer.     

Five cytostatic substances in animal studies for prevention and treatment of experimentally induced peritoneal carcinomatosis

High local recurrence rates within the previous tumor bed or at the peritoneum remain an unsolved problem after surgical resection of malignant gastrointestinal tumors such as gastric, colorectal or pancreatic carcinoma. Currently, there are no standardized treatment protocols available for the prevention or treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. In a basic experimental trial, mitomycin, cisplatin, 5-FU, oxaliplatin and CPT-11 were used to prevent or treat peritoneal carcinomatosis induced in rats. Experiments were performed in three groups (n = 8 each) of animals plus two control groups. In the first group, Mitomycin, Cisplatin, 5-FU, Oxaliplatin and CPT-11 (n = 24 each) were applied directly following tumor cell implantation into the peritoneal cavity. In the second group, early postoperative intraperitoneal (i. p.) chemotherapy (day [d] 5, 10, 15 following surgical intervention for tumor cell transfer) was administered, whereas in the third group, late i. p. chemotherapy (d 15, 20, 25 following surgery) was given via a port-a-cath aiming for significant reduction of a visible, already established peritoneal carcinomatosis. Mitomycin and cisplatin were highly effective to prevent peritoneal carcinomatosis (direct application immediately after tumor cell transfer - 1 (st) treatment group). Using early postoperative i. p. chemotherapy (2 (nd) group), 5-FU and CPT-11 were shown to be significantly effective to reduce the intraperitoneal tumor spread. None of the cytostatic agents was able to decrease significantly an already generated peritoneal carcinomatosis (3 (rd) treatment group). The results suggest that novel chemotherapeutic drugs should be proven for their potential to alter peritoneal metastases of GI tumors i) in comparison with established drugs and ii) depending on the application time and mode.