欧盟医疗器械上市后风险趋势分析方法研究

目的研究医疗器械上市后风险评估的统计学方法,提高风险管理的科学水平。方法参考欧盟医疗器械新法规中即将实施的趋势报告要求,探索趋势分析方法在医疗器械上市后风险评估中的实践运用,举例说明通过历史数据确定控制限和持续趋势监测的过程,讨论实践中面临的问题。结果趋势分析是科学评估医疗器械上市后风险的方法之一,适于在国内推行。结论企业可运用真实世界风险数据开展趋势分析,提升上市后风险预警能力。     

Proactive safety surveillance

Growth in health information systems presents opportunities to enhance postmarketing safety surveillance of medical products. Spontaneous suspected side effect reports provide the foundation, but we need to 'proactively' improve their quality and our strategies to seek signals. In our more familiar 'reactive' mode, we examine hypotheses from inquiries or publicity. Such responsive evaluations remain essential but may miss latent information on unsuspected risks. Efficient techniques to disclose hidden clusters and associations may emerge through adaptation of approaches from industrial quality control and other disciplines. Data-driven techniques like exploratory analysis, control charts, and time series modeling may help in sifting through accumulated data and in screening consecutive submissions to discern hints of new product hazards or of more specific understanding about previously identified potential side effects. We also need to cultivate non-spontaneous data for hypothesis generation as well as testing, the systematic epidemiologic evaluation of questions and concerns. This hypothesis testing function will assume greater importance if proactive safety surveillance methods yield larger numbers of putatively positive findings. Whether from spontaneous reports or other sources, signals that could have arisen by chance alone usually represent only clues to potential hazards until or unless they can be verified through independent studies.     

基于真实世界数据的高风险植入类无源医疗器械上市后风险监测技术专家共识

高风险植入类无源医疗器械的上市后监测是医疗器械风险管理的重要环节,通过对高风险医疗器械上市后安全性信号的监测和评价,最大限度地控制医疗器械潜在的风险,保证医疗器械安全、有效地使用,避免发生群体性严重后果,是医疗器械生产、经营、使用机构和技术监测部门的共同职责.为了更好地促进和辅助高风险植入类无源医疗器械的上市后监测,本...     

生物源性医疗器械的病毒安全性研究

目的 针对生物源性医疗器械的病毒安全性进行分析、研究.方法 文献检索并分析生物源性医疗器械的病毒安全性.结果 总结出生物源性医疗器械病毒安全性的控制、效果验证及检测方法.结论 我国生物源性医疗器械存在病毒安全性控制问题,其质量标准有待完善.     

Current status of the regulation for medical devices

In the light of escalating use of medical devices, stringent regulatory standards are required to ensure that the devices are safe, well studied and have least adverse reactions. Recently introduced guidelines and the amendment in the law will provide adequate guidance for both the manufacturers and competent authorities to manage cases efficiently and appropriately. India has emerged as one of the leaders in pharmaceutical industry. Like many other amendments in Drugs and Cosmetics Act that have boosted the global confidence in pharmaceutical industry in India, guidelines for devices will encourage the much needed research in medical devices. Pharmacy personnel can certainly play an important role in the regulation of medical devices. Safety, risks, effectiveness and performance of the medial devices need to be well established and regulated properly. It is hoped that the guidelines are implemented and regulated properly with effective outcome.     

含药医疗器械产品检验方法的探讨

目的:本文简要介绍了药械组合产品的界定原则、含药医疗器械的定义和分类,分析了针对含药医疗器械产品评价的特殊性。结合含药医疗器械的发展,对其检验标准、检验项目和检验方法逐一进行阐述,并对含药器械检验的规范化提出一些可供参考的方案。     

欧美药品上市后安全性监测体系发展趋势分析及其启示

近年来,欧盟和美国对于监测上市后药品的安全性愈加重视,在加强各自的药品上市后安全性监测体系方面采取了不少新举措。本文分析了欧美药品上市后安全性监测体系的发展趋势,并探讨了对于我国的借鉴意义。     

临床试验的伦理审查:医疗器械

国家对医疗器械实行分类管理,第一类医疗器械无需临床试验,第二类、第三类医疗器械生产注册之前应当通过临床试验(临床试用或临床验证)。医疗器械临床试验的伦理审查要点主要包括试验的科学设计;试验的风险和受益评估,区分重大风险临床试验和非重大风险临床试验;知情同意;受试人群的选择;受试者的医疗和保护等。医疗器械临床试验的批准标准和医疗器械紧急使用都应该符合相应的标准。     

安徽省2005年医疗器械不良事件报告分析

目的 结合安徽省医疗器械不良事件监测工作，为开展医疗器械不良事件监测提供技术参考。方法 利用国家药品不良反应监测中心数据库软件，对2005年全省39例医疗器械不良事件报告进行统计分析，对目前存在的问题和应对措施进行了初步探讨。结果 骨科植入物、宫内节育器等不良事件发生率较高。结论 应强化医疗器械不良事件报告制度，为保障公众用械安全服务。