人前列腺癌组织中解脲支原体的检测

目的:检测人前列腺癌组织中解脲支原体感染的情况,探讨解脲支原体感染与前列腺癌发生的关系.方法:应用解脲支原体PCR检测试剂盒对115例不同前列腺组织标本中解脲支原体感染情况进行检测,其中前列腺癌50例,癌旁正常组织30例,良性前列腺增生组织35例.结果:前列腺癌组织、癌旁正常组织,良性前列腺增生组织中解脲支原体的感染率分别为46%、16.7%和8.6%,三者之间差异有统计学意义.前列腺癌组织的解脲支原体感染阳性率明显高于其他各组.癌旁正常组织,良性前列腺增生组织中解脲支原体感染阳性率的差异无统计学意义.结论:前列腺癌组织中解脲支原体感染率较高,解脲支原体感染与前列腺癌的发生存在一定关系.     

前列腺癌生物学行为与端粒酶活性表达的相关性研究

目的：研究前列腺癌组织中端粒酶性表达与前列癌生物学行为的关系。方法：采用端粒重复序列扩增文件－－酶标法（TRAP－ELISA）测定前列腺癌组织中端料酶活性。结果：10例正常前列腺组织无端粒酶活性。15例前列腺癌组织中13例检出端粒酶活性,阳性率86．0％。端粒酶活性与肿瘤分化程度相关。12例良性前列腺增生组织中2例检出端粒酶活性,阳性率为17．0％,其水平显著低于肿瘤组织。结论：端粒酶活性与前列腺癌的生物学行为相关,能估测前列腺癌的生物恶性潜力。某些良性前列腺增生组织中检测出端粒酶活性可能提示这些前列腺增生组织中存在未能被临床检测出的肿瘤细胞。     

前列腺癌组织中p57kip2和雄激素受体的表达及其意义

目的研究p57kip2蛋白和雄激素受体在前列腺癌组织中的表达状况,探讨其与前列腺癌的发生和分化程度的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学技术(SP法)检测36例前列腺癌和10例良性前列腺增生组织中p57kip2蛋白和雄激素受体的表达状况。结果p57kip2蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的阳性表达率为52.78%,良性前列腺增生组织中为90%,两者差异有统计学意义,χ2=4.552,P<0.05。高分化癌组织中的阳性表达率为77.78%,低分化癌为28.57%,两者的差异有统计学意义,χ2=5.315,P<0.025。雄激素受体在前列腺癌组织中的阳性表达率为47.22%,良性前列腺增生组织中为90%,两者差异有统计学意义,χ2=5.828,P<0.025。不同分化程度癌组织中的雄激素受体阳性表达率差异无统计学意义,χ2值均<2.0,P值均>0.25。结论p57kip2蛋白和雄激素受体的低表达与前列腺癌的发生和分化程度降低有关。     

VEGF在前列腺癌中的表达及与肿瘤MVD的关系

目的:研究前列腺癌组织中的血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达与前列腺癌肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）的关系。方法:选取81例确诊前列腺癌患者及良性前列腺增生患者52例。采用免疫组化法进行染色,观察两种组织中VEGF、MVD的表达情况,并分析VEGF与前列腺癌患者的临床病理特征关系及与MVD之间的关系。结果:前列腺癌组织中VEGF阳性表达率（69.14%）显著的高于前列腺良性增生组（28.85%）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。前列腺癌组织中MVD计数为（36.7±8.2）显著高于前列腺良性增生组（19.3±5.8）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。前列腺癌组织中VEGF表达阳性率与患者的TNM分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度具有显著关联（P<0.05）。VEGF表达阳性的癌组织中MVD（40.3±7.5）显著多于VEGF表达阴性的癌组织（28.7±6.1）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:前列腺癌组织中VEGF高表达,MVD生成增多,VEGF与患者的临床病理特征具有一定的关系,VEGF阳性表达患者的MVD增生水平越高。     

组织激肽释放酶7在不同前列腺组织中的表达

目的通过测定组织激肽释放酶7 mRNA（KLK7）在正常前列腺、良性增生前列腺及前列腺癌组织中的表达量,探讨KLK7与前列腺良、恶性病变之间的关系,并阐明其在肿瘤发生发展中的表达状态。方法利用荧光实时定量PCR（quantitative real-time PCR）的方法,检测15例正常前列腺、25例良性增生前列腺和53例前列腺癌组织中KLK7的表达量。比较其在上述前列腺组织中表达量的差异;比较KLK在不同临床分期以及是否存在骨转移的前列腺癌组织间的表达差异。结果KLK7在前列腺癌组织中的平均表达量低于正常或良性病变的前列腺组织,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;在晚期前列腺癌组织中的表达低于局限性前列腺癌,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,在有或无骨转移的前列腺癌组织中的表达差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论KLK7在前列腺癌组织中呈低表达,在晚期前列腺癌组织中的表达低于局限性前列腺癌,提示该基因可能是潜在的诊断前列腺癌及判断预后的分子标志。     

CD24 在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨CD24 在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其与前列腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系。方法选取2016 年2 月至2019 年3 月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院泌尿外科手术切除的40 例新鲜前列腺癌组织及相应的36 例癌旁组织,46 例前列腺增生组织标本取自TURP手术患者。通过流式细胞术检测40 例前列腺癌、36 例癌旁前列腺组织、46 例前列腺增生组织标本中CD24 的表达水平;运用单因素方差分析CD24 的表达量与前列腺癌患者的年龄、肿瘤分布情况、术前血清PSA含量、术后Gleason评分、临床分期和是否远处转移之间的关系。结果: 前列腺癌中CD24 的阳性表达率及平均荧光强度（MFI）值均明显高于癌旁前列腺组织和良性前列腺增生组织（均P<0.05）;术前血清PSA≥10 ng/ml、术后Gleason 评分≥8 分（低分化）、临床分期T4 期和远处转移的前列腺癌组织中CD24 的阳性细胞率及MFI值均明显高于对应组（均P<0.05）;且CD24 的表达随着术后Gleason 评分及临床分期的进展而逐渐增加（P<0.05）。结论：CD24 在前列腺癌组织中的表达增加,检测CD24 的表达水平可协助判断前列腺癌的发生、发展及侵袭转移等情况,具有潜在的临床应用价值。     

前列腺衰老逃逸现象的实验研究

目的：了解良性前列腺增生腺体中不同组织的端粒酶阳性细胞分布情况，从端粒酶角度研究前列腺增生的机制。方法：采用TRAPHyb Kit测定端粒酶活性。实验分两步。第一步，测定正常前列腺与良性增生腺体的端粒酶阳性率。第二步，测定前列腺增生腺体中增生结节和包膜的端粒酶活性。结果：13例正常前列腺端粒酶阳性率为15．38％（2／13），35例前列腺增生组织端粒酶阳性率为25．71％（9／35）。增生结节、包膜各33管中端粒酶阳性率分别为42．42％（14／33）和3．03％（1／33）；前列腺增生组织中端粒酶阳性表达率显著高于正常前列腺组织，P〈0．01，增生结节阳性率高于包膜组织，P〈0．05。结论：前列腺增生组织中端粒酶活性升高，前列腺增生组织中端粒酶分布不均匀，增生结节含端粒酶阳性细胞高于包膜组织。提示前列腺的衰老逃逸可能与端粒酶活性有关。     

MYBL2在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨成髓细胞瘤转录因子第2亚型(MYBL2)在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法 收集2018年1月至2019年12月82例前列腺癌组织和29例良性前列腺组织。采用免疫组织化学法检测前列腺组织芯片中MYBL2的蛋白表达水平,并分析其表达水平与临床病理特征的关系。采用实时荧光定量PCR(q PCR)法检测2019年20对前列腺癌组织及癌旁组织中MYBL2 m RNA的表达。采用GEPIA数据库分析MYBL2 m RNA在前列腺癌组织中的表达及与预后的关系。结果 MYBL2蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的高表达率为92.7%(76/82),显著高于良性前列腺组织的48.3%(14/29),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001); q PCR检测结果显示,在前列腺癌组织中MYBL2 m RNA的相对表达量为1.71±0.24,在癌旁组织中为1.0±0.21,差异有统计学意义(P=0.035)。GEPIA数据库分析显示,MYBL2 m RNA在492例前列腺癌组织中的表达水平显著高于152例良性前列腺组织(P<0.05)。MYBL2蛋白表达与前列腺癌临床分期、WHO/ISUP分级分组、...     

微小病毒B19感染与甲状腺乳头状癌的关系

目的：探讨人类微小病毒B19感染（parvovirus B19，B19）与甲状腺乳头状癌（Papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC）的关系。方法：对38例手术切除的PTC患者甲状腺组织（其中30例伴有周围正常甲状腺组织）及16例甲状腺腺瘤患者腺瘤旁正常甲状腺组织，分别用巢式聚合酶链反应（nested polymerase chain reaction，nPCR）、原位杂交（in situ hybridization，ISH）和免疫组织化学（immunohistochemistu，IHC）检测B19病毒DNA和病毒蛋白的表达。结果：nPCR扩增出173bp的B19特异性目的条带。ISH和IHC检测出B19病毒DNA和蛋白分别位于肿瘤细胞胞核和胞浆内在PTC中，nPCR、ISH和IHC阳性率分别为97.4％（37／38）、78.9％（30／38）和63.2％（24／38）．而腺瘤旁正常甲状腺组织中，阳性率分别为43．8％（7／16）、12．5％（2／16）和6．25％（1／16）：两者比较差异有统计学意义（3种方法均P〈0．001）：癌旁甲状腺组织ISH和IHC阳性率分别为23.3％（7／30）和10．0％（3／30），与之相对应的30例PTC（ISH：80．0％；IHC：60．0％）相比，差异有统计学意义（两者均P〈0.001）。结论：PTC患者甲状腺肿瘤组织中B19感染率明显高于腺瘤旁和癌旁正常甲状腺组织，提示B19感染在PTC的发生中可能起重要的作用。     

肺癌端粒酶活性表达临床意义的研究

目的 探讨端粒酶活性与肺癌发生发展的关系。方法 采用ＴＲＡＰ－银染法检测４２例外科手术切除的肺癌组织，３５例癌旁正常组织，１５例肺良性病变组织的端粒酶活性。结果肺癌组织端粒酶活性的阳性率为８２．９％，癌旁正常组织和肺良性病变组织端粒酶活性均为阴性；Ｉ～Ⅱ期肺癌端粒酶活性的阳性率为８６．７％，Ⅲ～Ⅳ期阳性率为７７．８％；无淋巴结转移组肺癌端粒酶活性的阳性率为９２．３％，有淋巴结转移组的阳性率为７５％     

Haplotypes, loss of heterozygosity, and expression levels of glycine N-methyltransferase in prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) affects genetic stability by regulating DNA methylation and interacting with environmental carcinogens. In a previous study, we showed that GNMT acts as a susceptibility gene for hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we report on our efforts to characterize the haplotypes, loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and expression levels of the GNMT in prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA collected from 326 prostate cancer patients and 327 age-matched controls was used to determine GNMT haplotypes. Luciferase reporter constructs were used to compare the promoter activity of different GNMT haplotypes. GNMT LOH rates in tumorous specimens were investigated via a comparison with peripheral blood mononuclear cell genotypes. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze GNMT expression in tissue specimens collected from 5 normal individuals, 33 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients, and 45 prostate cancer patients. RESULTS: Three major GNMT haplotypes were identified in 92% of the participants: A, 16GAs/DEL/C (58%); B, 10GAs/INS/C (19.9%); and C, 10GAs/INS/T (14.5%). Haplotype C carriers had significantly lower risk for prostate cancer compared with individuals with haplotype A (odds ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.95). Results from a phenotypic analysis showed that haplotype C exhibited the highest promoter activity (P < 0.05, ANOVA test). In addition, 36.4% (8 of 22) of the prostatic tumor tissues had LOH of the GNMT gene. Immunohistochemical staining results showed abundant GNMT expression in normal prostatic and benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, whereas it was diminished in 82.2% (37 of 45) of the prostate cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that GNMT is a tumor susceptibility gene for prostate cancer.     

前列腺癌组织 p27 及 Survivin 表达的临床意义简

目的：研究凋亡相关蛋白p27、Survivin在前列腺癌（PCa）中的表达及相关性。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测68例前列腺癌组织和47例前列腺增生组织p27、Survivin蛋白的表达。结果：前列腺癌组织中p27、Survivin蛋白的阳性表达率分别为38.2%（26/68）、67.6%（46/68）,前列腺增生组织中分别为80.9%（38/47）、0（0/47）,p27和Survivin蛋白阳性表达率在前列腺癌组织和前列腺增生组织中差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。p27和Survivin蛋白表达与前列腺癌病理分级、临床分期和转移情况具有相关性（P〈0.05）,前列腺癌组织中Survivin与p27 的表达呈负相关（P〈0.01）。结论：联合检测p27和Survivin 蛋白,有助于对进展性前列腺癌细胞的侵袭力作出正确评价。     

前列腺癌组织中p27和Survivin的表达与前列腺特异性抗原的相关性

目的:通过分析蛋白p27和Survivin在前列腺癌(PCa)组织中的阳性表达与前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)的相关性,探讨前列腺癌的治疗方法.方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测75例前列腺癌和60例前列腺增生组织中p27、Survivin蛋白的表达和相应患者血浆中的PSA值.结果:前列腺癌组织中p27、Survivin蛋白的阳性表达率分别为37.3%(28/75)、68.0%(51/75),p27和Survivin蛋白在前列腺增生组织中的阳性表达率分别为63.3%(38/60)、0(0/60),在前列腺增生和前列腺癌组织中Survivin和p27蛋白的阳性表达率差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).p27和Survivin蛋白表达与前列腺癌病理分级、临床分期、转移情况和PSA值具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:临床中联合检测p27及Survivin表达与前列腺特异性抗原的关系和相互作用机制,为前列腺癌的防治和治疗提供新的思路.     

前列腺癌组织中Kindlin-2和Clusterin蛋白表达及与PSA含量的相关性

目的:探讨前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）含量和前列腺癌（PCA）组织中Clusterin、Kindlin-2蛋白阳性表达的相关性,研究前列腺癌的治疗策略。方法:45例前列腺增生和55例前列腺癌组织应用免疫组织化学方法检测凋亡蛋白Kindlin-2、Clusterin的表达并检测对应病例的血浆PSA含量。结果:Clusterin、Kindlin-2蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为50.9%(28/55)、63.6%(35/55),Clusterin和Kindlin-2蛋白在前列腺增生组织中的阳性表达率分别为0(0/45)、51.1%(23/45)。在前列腺癌和前列腺增生组织中Clusterin和Kindlin-2阳性表达率具有统计学差异(P<0.05);Clusterin和Kindlin-2蛋白表达与前列腺癌病理分级、临床分期、转移情况和PSA含量相关,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:联合检测Kindlin-2、Clusterin蛋白和PSA可为前列腺癌提供一种新的联合检查方法。     

IL-4和IL-6在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨白细胞介素-4（IL-4）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）在前列腺癌发生发展中的作用及其相关性。方法:通过免疫组化（SP）法检测IL-4和IL-6蛋白在56例前列腺癌组织及42例前列腺增生组织中的表达情况,分析IL-4和IL-6在前列腺癌组织表达与临床病理特征的相关性。结果:IL-4和IL-6在前列腺癌组织表达水平明显高于前列腺增生组织,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。IL-4和IL-6在前列腺癌中的表达水平与肿瘤的临床分期、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移等生物学行为显著相关。结论:IL-4和IL-6在前列腺癌组织中高表达,可能存在协同作用,并与前列腺癌侵袭性有关。     

Expression of 6 MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer and Its Significance

OBJECTIVE Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) are deregulated in human cancers. The experimental evidence supports that miRNAs plays a role in the initiation and progression of human malignancies.The present study was undertaken to evaluate the differential expression of 6 miRNAs as biomarker for early detection of prostate cancer, and then to determine whether the expression profiling of these miRNAs could predict the prognosis of prostate cancer.METHODS The expression profilings of these 6 miRNAs were investigated using the method of locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified oligonucleotide in situ hybridization (ISH). And the technology of tissue microarray (TMA) was employed using the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedd (FFPE) specimens taken from 52 patients with prostate carcinoma (PCa) and 38 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).RESULTS The rates of positive expression for 6 miRNAs (miR-15b, miR-16, let-7g, miR- 96,miR-182 and miR-183) were 26.92%,15.38%o, 15.38%, 67.31%, 61.54% and 71.15% in the specimens of prostate cancer, and 57.89%, 76.32%, 68.42%, 44.74%, 31.58%,47.37% in the tissues of benign prostatic hyperplasia, respectively.The expressions of all 6 miRNAs between the prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues were significantly different (P < 0.05). The positive rate of these 6 miRNAs was significantly related to the Gleason Grading of prostate cancer (P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between the expression of these miRNAs and age and the concentration of serum PSA of the patient (P > 0.05). We also found that the expression of miR-15b, miR-96 and miR-182 correlated with clinical stages of tumor (P <0.05). The expression of miR-96 correlated with lobus prostatae of tumor invasion (P < 0.01), but the expressions of the remaining five miRNAs were not correlated with that (P > 0.05). In addition, the expression of miR-15b was negatively related to that of miR-96,miR-182 and miR-183, respectively (P < 0.01, r < 0.00).There was a positive correlation among the expressions of miR-96, miR-182 and miR-183 in prostate cancer (P < 0.01, r > 0.00). The expression of miR-16 was positively related to that of miR-let-7g (P < 0.01, r >0.00).CONCLUSION The results suggest that miRNA expression profiling could have relevance to the biological and clinical behavior of prostate cancer, and they might be important biomarkers for early detection and prognostic assessment of prostate cancer.     

Differential expression of the mismatch repair gene hMSH2 in malignant prostate tissue is associated with cancer recurrence

BACKGROUND: Mismatch repair (MMR) genes are responsible for coordinated correction of misincorporated nucleotides formed during DNA replication. Inactivating mutations in MMR genes have been described in sporadic cancers and a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome. Mismatch repair deficiency causes instability at microsatellites and increased mutation rates. Although microsatellite instability (MSI) has been described in high-grade and lymph node positive prostate carcinoma specimens, an analysis comparing hMSH2 expression, MSI, and outcome in clinically organ confined prostate carcinoma has not been reported. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis of benign and malignant prostate tissue from 101 patients was performed using a monoclonal antibody specific for the hMSH2 protein. Expression was correlated with MSI using dinucleotide repeat markers and laser-captured microdissected DNA from normal and tumor cells. hMSH2 protein expression and MSI were assessed with respect to pathologic stage, Gleason score, and time to detectable serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) after prostatectomy in patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma. RESULTS: In normal glands, hMSH2 staining was minimal to low and confined to the basal cell layer. In 32% of benign prostatic hyperplasia cases, hMSH2 staining was increased in the basal and luminal cell layers whereas 71% of cancer specimens had uniform moderate to high staining. Microsatellite instability was detected in 60% of absent to low staining and 26% of moderate to high staining prostate carcinoma specimens. Differential staining in benign versus malignant prostate tissues was statistically significant (P < 0.001) as was the correlation between absent to low hMSH2 staining and presence of MSI (P = 0.028). Decreased risk for PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy correlated with absent to low hMSH2 staining in malignant prostate tissue but was only marginally significant (P = 0.05 for 24 month recurrence and P = 0.08 for overall time to PSA recurrence). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study demonstrate differential hMSH2 expression in benign and malignant prostate tissue. Moreover, hMSH2 expression is altered in a subset of clinically localized prostate carcinoma specimens independent of pathologic stage and Gleason pattern. A statistically significant correlation between hMSH2 immunohistochemical staining intensity and MSI also was identified in prostate carcinoma specimens. Furthermore, the time to cancer recurrence as determined by detectable serum PSA after prostatectomy was associated with hMSH2 staining intensity. Taken together, our results suggest that hMSH2 gene expression in prostate carcinoma may be a useful prognostic marker for outcome in men with clinically organ confined prostate carcinoma.     

Frequency and Type Distribution of Human Papilloma Virus in Patients with Prostate Cancer,Kerman, Southeast of Iran

Prostatic cancer is the second cause of cancer-related death among men worldwide. The human papilloma viruses (HPVs) are a family of sexually transmitted viruses which have may have roles in the ethiology of in ammation in prostate leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we evaluated the frequency of different HPV types in prostatic cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Kerman province, southeast of Iran, using real-time PCR techniques. The aim of the present research was to clarify any association with prostatic carcinogenesis. Real Time PCR showed that HPV DNA was found in 20% of 200 PCa samples, 80 percent of these with high-risk HPV types, 40% with type-16,18, 30 % type-31,33 and 10% type 54. High risk HPV DNA was detected in only 2% of BPH samples. Values for low risk types were much higher. Our study provided a support for the role of high risk HPV infection in prostatic disease in Iranian patients, and association between presence of HPV DNA and prostate carcinoma. In particular, HPV 16 and18 might have an important role in prostate cancer.