Correlation between pre-miR-146a C/G polymorphism and gastric cancer risk in Chinese population

AIM:To investigate the association between pre-miR- 146a C/G polymorphism and gastric cancer risk. METHODS:We performed a hospital-based,case-control study using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method in 608 individuals(304 gastric cancer patients and 304 age and sex matched cancer-free controls).RESULTS:The frequencies of pre-miR-146a C/G genotypes in the case group were significantly different from those in the control groups(P=0.037).Compared with CC genotype carriers,s...     

XRCC1 genetic polymorphism Arg399GIn and gastric cancer risk： A meta-analysis

AIM： To evaluate the association between X-ray crosscomplementing gene 1 （XRCCl） genetic polymorphism Arg399Gln and gastric cancer risk by means of metaanalysis. METHODS： We searched PubMed and NCBI up to June 1, 2008. A total of 16 clinical trials and reports were identified, but only 8 trials qualified under our selection criteria. Statistical analysis was performed with the software program Review Manage, version 4.2.8. RESULTS： Of the 8 case-control studies selected for this meta-analysis, a total of 1334 gastric cancer cases and 2194 controls were included. For Arg399GIn, the Gin/Gin genotype carriers did not have a decreased cancer risk compared with those individuals with the Arg/Arg genotype （OR = 0.92, 95% CI, 0.71-1.19; P = 0.51）. Similarly, no associations were found in the recessive and dominant modeling （Gin/Gin vs Arg/GIn ＋ Arg/Arg： OR = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77-1.19; P = 0.70 and Gin/Gin ＋ Arg/GIn vs Arg/Arg： OR = 0.90, 95% CI, 0.77-1.05; P = 0.18）. CONCLUSION： No association is found between the XRCC1 polymorphism Arg399GIn and gastric cancer risk.     

XRCC1 genetic polymorphism Arg399Gln and gastric cancer risk:A meta-analysis

AIM:TO evaluate the association between X-ray cross- complementing gene 1 (XRCC1) genetic polymorphism Arg399GIn and gastric cancer risk by means of meta- analysis. METHODS:We searched PubMed and NCBI up to June 1,2008.A total of 16 clinical trials and reports were identified,but only 8 trials qualified under our selection criteria.Statistical analysis was performed with the software program Review Manage,version 4.2.8. RESULTS:Of the 8 case-control studies selected for this meta-analysis,a total of 1334...     

Dairy product consumption and gastric cancer risk: A meta-analysis

AIM: To investigate whether dairy product consumption is a risk factor for gastric cancer.METHODS: We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for English-language studies on dairy product consumption and gastric cancer risk that were published between October 1980 and September 2013. One author independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Based on the heterogeneity results, we used either the fixed effects model or the random effects model to compute the summary relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also analyzed subgroups according to the study design, geographic region, sex, and whether there were adjustments for confounders (smoking and drinking) with respect to the sources of heterogeneity.RESULTS: We found 39 studies that were potentially eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis, including 10 cohort studies and 29 case-control studies. The summary relative risk for gastric cancer, comparing the highest and lowest dairy product consumption categories, was 1.06 (95%CI: 0.95-1.18). Specific analyses for milk, butter, and margarine yielded similar results, but the results for cheese and yogurt were different. There was significant heterogeneity for all studies (Q = 112.61; P = 0.000; I² = 67.1%). No publication bias was observed (Egger’s test: P = 0.135; Begg’s test: P = 0.365). There was a nonsignificant association between dairy product consumption and gastric cancer risk in the subgroup analysis for the study design, sex, geographic region, and whether there were adjustments for confounders (smoking and drinking).CONCLUSION: In our meta-analysis, dairy product consumption was associated with a nonsignificantly increased risk of gastric cancer. However, this result should be verified using large, well-designed prospective studies.     

CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism contributes to colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis

AIM:To study the relation between CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk by meta-analysis. METHODS:A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the relation between CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk by reviewing the related studies until September 2010.Data were extracted and analyzed.Crude odds ratio(OR) with 95% confidence interval(CI) was used to assess the strength of relation between CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk. RESULTS:Thirteen publ...     

A p53 genetic polymorphism of gastric cancer： Difference between early gastric cancer and advanced gastric cancer

INTRODUCTIONGastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide,although the overall incidence of gastric cancer has been decreasing over the past few decades.Chronic H pylori infection and dietary factors,such as those high in salt or nitrate…     

miRNA polymorphisms and risk of gastric cancer in Asian population

miRNAs are endogenous 19-to 25-nt noncoding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression by directly cleaving target mRNA or by inhibiting its translation.Recent studies have revealed that miRNA plays a significant role in gastric cancer development either as a tumor suppressor gene or oncogene.miRNA-singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),as a novel class of functional SNPs/polymorphisms,have been identified as candidate biomarkers for gastric cancer susceptibility.On the basis of recent data,the present review summarizes current knowledge of the functional effects of miRNA-SNPs and their importance as candidate gastric cancer biomarkers.Additionally,this review also includes a meta-analysis of the most frequently studied miRNA-SNPs in gastric cancer.     

Correlation of miR-146a-5p plasma levels and rs2910164 polymorphism with left ventricle outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: a meta-analysis

AIM:To study the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for advanced gastric cancer by performing a meta-analysis of the published studies.METHODS:All published controlled trials of NAC for advanced gastric cancer vs no therapy before surgery were searched.Studies that included patients with metastases at enrollment were excluded.Databases included Cochrane Library of Clinical Comparative Trials,MEDLINE,Embase,and American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting abstracts from 1978 to 2010.The censor date was...     

E-cadherin gene C-160A promoter polymorphism and risk of non-cardia gastric cancer in a Chinese population

AIM: To test the hypothesis that E-cadherin gene (CDH1) C-160A promoter variant genotype is associated with an increased risk for developing gastric cancer. METHODS: In this population-based case-control study of gastric cancer in Jiangsu Province, China, we performed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to genotype the C-160A polymorphism of CDH1 promoter in 206 non-cardia gastric cancer patients and 261 age- and sex-matched but unrelated cancer-free controls. RESULTS: The frequencies of genotypes CC, CA and AA were 57.8%, 36.4% and 5.8% in gasfric cancer cases, respectively, and 58.2%, 34.9% and 6.9% in controls respectively. The distributions of CDH1 genotypes were not significantly different between gastric cancer cases and controls (P=0.87 for genotype frequency and P=0.92 for allele frequency). Compared with the CC genotype, the CA and AA genotypes were not associated with an increased risk for non-cardia gastric cancer (adjusted odds ratios (OR)=1.15, and 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=0.78-1.72 for CA genotype, and OR = 0.90 and 95% CI = 0.42-2.01 for AA genotype). CONCLUSION: E-cadherin gene C-160A promoter polymorphism may not play a major role in the etiology of non-cardia gastric cancer in Chinese population.     

TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is associated with esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis

AIM:To investigate the association between TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and esophageal cancer(EC)risk using meta-analysis. METHODS:All eligible studies published before March 1,2010 were selected by searching PubMed using keywordsp53orTP53,polymorphismorvariation, esophagealandcancerorcarcinoma.Crude odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were assessed for EC risk associated with TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism using fixed-and random-effects models. RESULTS:Nine case-control studies involving 5545 subjec...     

Diabetes mellitus carries a risk of gastric cancer:A metaanalysis

AIM:To investigate the association and quantify the relationship between diabetes mellitus(DM) and gastric cancer(GC) by an updated meta-analysis.METHODS:The initial PubMed search identified 1233publications. Studies not reporting GC or those not reporting actual number of GC were excluded. Twelve pertinent studies were retrieved from the PubMed database or from a manual search and considered for the meta-analysis. Pooled risk ratios and 95%CI were estimated by a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed according to gender or geographical regions. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated by I2and funnel plot analysis,respectively.RESULTS:DM was significantly associated with GC with a RR of 1.41(P = 0.006)(95%CI:1.10-1.81).Subgroup analyses revealed that both sexes showed a significant association with GC,with a greater magnitude of risk in females(RR = 1.90; 95%CI:1.27-2.85;P = 0.002) than in males(RR = 1.24; 95%CI:1.08-1.43;P = 0.002). In addition,the link between DM and GC was significant in East Asian DM patients(RR = 1.77;95%CI:1.38-2.26; P < 0.00001) but not in Western DM patients(RR = 1.23; 95%CI:0.90-1.68; P = 0.2).There was no evidence of publication bias,but the results indicated significant heterogeneity.CONCLUSION:This updated meta-analysis has provided evidence of positive DM-GC associations. The limited information on potentially important clinical confounding factors in each study deserves further investigation.     

IL-1基因多态性与Hp感染后胃癌易感性的研究

目的 研究白细胞介素1B基因（IL-1B）启动子区域-31位点和-511位点及白细胞介素1受体拮抗剂基因（IL-1RN）多态性在我国北方人群胃癌患者与胃炎患者中的分布，探讨各基因型与胃癌的相关性。方法 收集126例胃癌患者与125例慢性胃炎患者（对照组）的外周血标本和流行病学资料，提取基因组DNA；IL-1RN基因采用PCR方法直接测定，IL-1B-31基因采用PCR-CTPP方法，IL-1B-511基因采用PCR-RFLP的方法进行基因分型。通过快速尿素酶、^14C呼气试验及Hp血清IgG抗体的方法检测Hp感染。结果 IL-1RN有5种基因型，分别为1／1、1／3、1／4、1／2和2／2型，其出现频率在胃癌组中分别为76．19％、4．76％、6．35％、11．90％和0．79％；在对照组分别为76．00％、4．00％、4．80％、13．60％和1．60％。各基因型在胃癌组和对照组中分布差异无统计学意义。IL-1B-31位点有3种基因型C／C、C／T和T／T型，在胃癌组中的频率分别为12．70％、47．62％和39．68％；在对照组中的频率分别为28．00％、48．80％和23．20％。与C／C型相比较，携带T／T基因型者胃癌发生的风险增加，OR=3．772（95％CI=1．786-7．966）。IL-1B-511位点有3种基因型C／C、C／T和T／T型，在胃癌组中的频率分别为19．20％、56．80％和24．00％；在对照组中的频率分别为23．38％、49．19％和27．42％。各基因型在胃癌组和对照组中分布差异无统计学意义。结论 IL-1B基因启动子区域-31位点的基因多态性可能与国人胃癌易感性相关；尚未有证据表明IL-1RN和IL-1B-511位点的基因多态性与国人胃癌易感性相关。     

MiR-146a as marker of senescence-associated pro-inflammatory status in cells involved in vascular remodelling

In order to identify new markers of vascular cell senescence with potential in vivo implications, primary cultured endothelial cells, including human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) and ex vivo circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), were analysed for microRNA (miR) expression. Among the 367 profiled miRs in HUVECs, miR-146a, miR-9, miR-204 and miR-367 showed the highest up-regulation in senescent cells. Their predicted target genes belong to nine common pathways, including Toll-like receptor signalling (TLR) that plays a pivotal role in inflammatory response, a key feature of senescence (inflammaging). MiR-146a was the most up-regulated miR in the validation analysis (>10-fold). Mimic and antagomir transfection confirmed TLR’s IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK1) protein modulation in both young and senescent cells. Significant correlations were observed among miR-146a expression and β-galactosidase expression, telomere length and telomerase activity. MiR-146a hyper-expression was also validated in senescent HAECs (>4-fold) and HCAECs (>30-fold). We recently showed that CACs from patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) presented a distinguishing feature of senescence. Therefore, we also included miR-146a expression determination in CACs from 37 CHF patients and 35 healthy control subjects (CTR) for this study. Interestingly, a 1,000-fold increased expression of miR-146a was observed in CACs of CHF patients compared to CTR, along with decreased expression of IRAK1 protein. Moreover, significant correlations among miR-146a expression, telomere length and telomerase activity were observed. Overall, our findings indicate that miR-146a is a marker of a senescence-associated pro-inflammatory status in vascular remodelling cells.     

Cigarette smoking and the risk of endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis

Objective

Epidemiologic findings are inconsistent concerning the association of endometrial cancer risk with cigarette smoking. We conducted a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies to examine this relation.

Methods

A systematic literature search up to June of 2007 was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE. Study-specific risk estimates were pooled using a random-effects model.

Results

Ten prospective and 24 case-control studies were included in the analysis of the effect of ever smoking. Ever smoking was statistically significantly associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer among prospective studies (relative risk 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74-0.88) and case-control studies (odds ratio 0.72; 95% CI, 0.66-0.79). The inverse association was significant among current and former smokers. Six prospective and 6 case-control studies were included in the quantitative analysis. We noted that an increase in smoking of 20 cigarettes per day was statistically significantly associated with 16% and 27% reduced risks of endometrial cancer in prospective and case-control studies, respectively. We also found that cigarette smoking was significantly associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer among postmenopausal women (relative risk 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65-0.78) but not among premenopausal women. In addition, the risk reduction seemed to be stronger among hormone replacement therapy users than nonusers.

Conclusion

Cigarette smoking was found to be significantly associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer, especially among postmenopausal women.