超声乳化术中后囊膜破裂的后房型人工晶体植入术

目的：对超声乳化术中后囊膜破裂的后房型人工晶体植入术进行分析，总结出一套较好的处理方法。方法：对我院过去3年中，术中发生后囊膜破裂后，经过妥善处理后成功植入后房型人工晶体的20例病例进行分析发现。术中能及时发现破孔，并充分利用粘障剂的作用，加上前段玻璃体切割器的作用，20例病例全部100%植入了后房型人工晶体。结果：二襻植入囊袋内人工晶状体5眼，一襻植入囊袋内另一襻在睫状沟内或二襻在睫状沟内者12眼，人工晶体2襻缝线固定于巩膜上者3眼，术后随访6个月。视力≥0.5者18眼，占90%，0.3者1眼，占5%，0.2者1眼，占5%。结论：在白内障超声乳化术中，如果发生后囊膜破裂，只要及时早期发现，并妥善处理。仍然能安全植入后房型人工晶体。且术后视力较好，随访无远期并发症。     

透明晶状体置换术治疗高度近视的临床研究

目的 探讨透明晶状体超声乳化吸出术联合人工晶状体植入术矫治高度近视的有效性及安全性。方法 对48例（60眼）高度近视行透明晶状体超声乳化术联合低度数或负度数后房人工晶状体植入术。观察术后视力,术中和术后并发症。结果 所有病例术后裸眼视力均优于或等于术前最好矫正视力,术前最好矫正视力≥0.5者28眼（46.67%）;术后裸眼视力≥0.5者40眼（66.67%）。术中除1例发生后囊破裂,人工晶状体植入睫状沟外,其余均植入囊袋内。术后观察6-18月无角膜水肿失代偿、视网膜脱离等严重的远期并发症。结论 透明晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房人工晶状体植入术矫治高度近视,是1种安全、有效的手术方法。具有术后视力恢复好,屈光状态稳定,并发症少,远期疗效可靠的优点。     

白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂后的人工晶状体植入

目的　对白内障超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术中后囊膜破裂后处理进行分析。方法　在 2 2 8例老年性白内障、并发性白内障、先天性白内障者施行不同切口的超声乳化吸除 ,通过 3.2 mm切口植入折叠式人工晶状体 ,通过 5 .5 mm切口植入 PMMA人工晶状体。在术中后囊膜破裂 16眼 (6 .5 8% ) ,并发玻璃体外溢 6只眼 (2 .6 3% )。结果　术中人工晶状体植入的情况 :人工晶状体两袢均植入在囊袋内者有 9眼 ,其中人工晶状体一袢在睫状沟内的而另一袢在囊袋内的有 3眼 ,人工晶状体的两袢均植入在睫状沟的有 4眼。在随访平均 12 m o时 ,裸眼视力≥ 0 .5者有 13眼 ,占 81.2 % .裸眼视力≥ 1.0者有 8眼 ,占 5 0 % .与正常组对照无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　在白内障超声乳化吸除术中发生后囊膜破裂时 ,只要早期发现、沉着稳妥处理也能按预期植入后房型人工晶状体 ,且经随访观察无远期并发症     

晶状体不全脱位的人工晶状体植入手术方法-晶状体囊缝合固定法

目的探讨晶状体不全脱位的超声乳化人工晶状体植入手术方法。方法对39例42眼晶状体不全脱位,均采用常规连续环形撕囊晶状体超声乳化吸出及囊袋内植入后房型人工晶状体(IOL)的手术方法。对脱位范围120°~270°者,先将晶状体囊缝合1针固定于睫状沟处,然后行撕囊、超声乳化及IOL囊袋内植入;对脱位范围>270°者,则需缝合固定囊2针;脱离范围<120°者则不需缝合固定。结果39例42眼,术后随访3~18月,平均8月,术后裸眼视力<0.05者3眼,占7.14%;0.05~0.25者9眼,占21.43%;0.3~0.5者10眼,占23.81%;0.6~1.0者14眼,占33.33%;1.2~1.5者6眼,占14.29%。结论根据晶状体不全脱位的程度缝合固定晶状体囊后进行超声乳化,囊袋内IOL植入,是恢复视力的有效方法。     

超乳术中后囊破裂行Ⅰ期后房人工晶状体植入

目的：探讨基层医院开展白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂行Ⅰ期后房人工 晶状体的可行性和疗效。方法：在297眼白内障患者行超声乳化术，其中19例在术中发现后囊破裂，15眼合并玻璃体脱出而行前段玻璃体切除，均植入后房人工晶状体。结果：在19眼中，7眼囊袋内植入人工晶状体，12眼睫状沟植入。平均随访6月，裸眼视力≥0．3有19眼，≥0．5有14眼，≥1．0有5眼。8眼出现前房玻璃体渗出。结论：在超乳术中，若出现后囊破裂，只要处理得当，完全可以植入后房型人工晶状体，术后视力恢复较好。     

虹膜缝线固定后房型折叠人工晶状体的手术探讨

目的 探讨采用虹膜缝线固定术植入折叠人工晶状体的手术方法及效果.方法 无晶状体眼、晶状体脱位或后囊破裂无法行睫状沟或囊袋内植入人工晶状体者13例(14眼),植入三件式折叠人工晶状体,将晶状体两襻置于虹膜后,光学面置于虹膜表面,10 -0聚丙烯缝线缝合人工晶体袢于虹膜中周部.双襻相同方法缝线固定,再将人工晶状体光学面放入后房.结果 随访3 ～12个月,术后最佳矫正视力0.6～1.0者8眼(53.8％),0.3 ～0.5者5眼(38.5％),＜0.2者1眼(7.7％).UBM提示人工晶状体正位无偏斜,随访中无出血、人工晶状体襻滑脱、慢性葡萄膜炎或继发性青光眼等并发症出现.结论 折叠人工晶状体虹膜缝线固定术操作简单、创伤小、并发症少,是无法行睫状沟或囊袋内植入情况下人工晶状体者又一有效方法.     

高度近视白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术

目的　分析高度近视白内障超声乳化吸出及后房人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法　对 5 0例 ( 5 8眼 )高度近视白内障行巩膜隧道切口晶状体超声乳化吸出及后房人工晶状体植入。眼轴长 2 7～ 3 3 5 6mm ,平均 2 9 3 5mm。其中眼轴长≤ 3 0mm者 40眼 ,眼轴长 >3 0mm者 18眼。植入折叠式人工晶状体 ,观察术中术后并发症及术后视力。结果　眼轴长≤ 3 0mm的40眼中术后视力≥ 0 4者 3 5眼 ( 87 5 %) ;眼轴长 >3 0mm的 18眼中术后视力≥ 0 4者 9眼 ( 5 0 0 %)。术中后囊破裂 1例 ,行前部玻璃体切除及人工晶状体睫状沟植入术。结论　高度近视白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入能改善视力 ,但眼轴长 >3 0mm者术后视力恢复较差     

后囊破裂的外伤性白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入的临床观察

目的 探讨后囊破裂的外伤性白内障的手术时机和技巧。方法 对２８例（２８眼）后囊破裂的外伤性白内障施行巩膜隧道切口白内障超声乳化Ⅰ期后房人工晶状体植入。结果 术中玻璃体脱出前房４眼。术后矫正视力〈０．１者３眼,０．１－０．４者９眼≥０．５者１６眼。人工晶状体植入囊袋内１７眼,植入睫状沟内１１眼。术后４眼出现瞳孔区纤维蛋白渗出,１眼人工晶状体脱位。结论 后囊破裂的外伤国性白内障可行超声乳化Ⅰ期后房人工     

后囊膜破裂行后房型人工晶状体一期植入

后囊膜破裂是白内障摘出术中严重并发症之一 ,本文选择 1998年 6月～ 1999年 12月后囊膜破裂而行后房型人工晶状体一期植入者进行临床分析 ,现报告如下。1　资料和方法1.1　临床资料　本文 46 0眼中超声乳化摘出术 32 6眼 ,现代囊外摘出术 134眼 ;后囊破裂 31眼 (包括超声乳化术 2 2眼 ,现代囊外 6眼 ,外伤 3眼 ) ,其中囊袋内植入 12眼 ,前囊膜支撑睫状沟植入 16眼 ,缝线固定术 3眼。1.2　手术方法1.2 .1　囊袋内植入术　后囊膜破孔≤ 5 mm者 ,若破孔位于中央 ,则襻植入水平位 ,否则 ,襻应保持在与破孔子午线方向垂直的位置。1.2 .2　前囊膜…     

人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术的临床探讨

目的探讨人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定的手术技巧和临床疗效。方法对白内障囊外摘除术或超声乳化术中后囊膜破裂超过2个象限或晶状体悬韧带断裂范围>90°、白内障囊内摘除术后、外伤致晶状体全脱位或伴眼内异物行玻璃体切除术后无晶状体囊膜的患者43例(43只眼),采用人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定法植入后房型人工晶状体。结果随访4～24个月,平均随访15个月,复查时最佳矫正视力1.0,最低0.2,视力在0.5以上者22只眼(占51.1%)。36只眼术后无并发症。结论人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术是无晶状体囊膜及晶状体后囊膜破裂或晶状体悬韧带大范围断裂的首选手术方法。     

后极性白内障超声乳化吸除及折叠型人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的：探讨小切口超声乳化治疗后极性白内障的手术技术以及术中、术后并发症的处理方法。方法：46例患者(61只眼)，年龄38-78岁，平均57岁。在表麻下行颈侧透明角膜隧道切口的超声乳化，并对后囊下混浊斑块行剥离吸除、环形撕后囊或剪除混浊的后囊及折叠型人工晶状体植入术。结果：51只眼后囊膜完整，其中6只眼有后囊膜混浊；在10只后囊膜破裂眼中，4只眼有玻璃体脱出需行前段玻璃体切割术，并有1只眼晶状体皮质软壳沉入玻璃体腔引起葡萄膜炎及继发性青光眼需再次行后段玻璃体切割。58只眼人工晶状体囊袋内固定，3只眼睫状沟固定。结论：对后极性白内障行超声乳化手术时，谨慎处理后囊下混浊斑块，可以减少术中、术后的并发症，明显提高患者的术后视力。眼科学报2003；19：92-94     

Sulcus implantation of a 3-piece, 6.0 mm optic,hydrophobic foldable acrylic intraocular lens in phacoemulsification complicated by posterior capsule rupture

To evaluate the safety of implanting a 3-piece, 6.0 mm optic, foldable acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) in cases of posterior capsule rupture during phacoemulsification.Department of Ophthalmology, Ahepa Hospital, Aristotle University Medical School, and Interbalkan Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.This prospective noncomparative case series included 28 eyes (28 patients) having phacoemulsification complicated by extensive posterior capsule rupture with or without vitreous loss. In all eyes, a 3-piece, 6.0 mm optic, foldable acrylic IOL (AcrySof MA60BM, Alcon) was implanted in the sulcus. Postoperative examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior segment biomicroscopy, IOL centralization and position, intraocular pressure (IOP), and fundus biomicroscopy. The follow-up was 6 months.The most common postoperative complications were transient corneal edema in 12 eyes and increased IOP in 11 eyes. Slight asymptomatic decentralization from the center of the pupil (1.0 to 2.0 mm) and pseudophacodonesis were observed in 5 eyes each. Friction of the IOL with the iris occurred in 1 eye. Clinically significant cystoid macular edema occurred in 3 eyes. The final BCVA was between 20/15 and 20/25 in 18 patients, 20/30 in 2, between 20/40 and 20/50 in 4, and between 20/60 and 20/200 in 4.AcrySof IOL implantation in the sulcus during phacoemulsification complicated by posterior capsule rupture preserved the advantages of small-incision surgery. The postoperative behavior and centralization of the IOLs resembled those of poly(methyl methacrylate) lenses.     

Akreos Adapt人工晶状体十字形袋／沟固定法在后囊大破孔时的应用

目的 观察Akreos Adapt亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠式人工晶状体（IOL）十字形袋/沟固定法植入在外伤后或白内障术中出现的后囊大破孔时应用的临床效果.方法 对31例（31眼）后囊大破孔者采用十字形袋/沟固定法植入Akreos Adapt亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠式IOL.随访期内观察其术后视力及视觉症状、术后炎症反应、IOL位置及固定状态、囊膜混浊程度、瞳孔和眼压等情况.结果 术后所有眼视力均较术前提高,最佳矫正视力0.1～0.2者4眼,0.3～0.4者5眼,≥0.5者22眼.所有术眼的IOL均在位,基本居中、无移位,视轴透明,未见严重的术后炎症反应或IOL相关并发症,瞳孔及眼压正常.结论 在后囊大破孔但连续环形撕囊完整时可采用十字形袋/沟固定法植入Akreos Adapt亲水性丙烯酸酯折叠式IOL,该法简便、快捷、安全,植入后IOL位置稳定居中,并有良好的生物相容性和眼内稳定性.     

白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂原因分析及其对视力的影响

目的:总结分析白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂的原因及其对视力的影响,以便采取预防措施。方法:选择200例220眼年龄相关性白内障患者,常规实行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术。结果:术中发生后囊破裂21眼(9.5%),其中发生于水分离时1眼(0.5%),超声乳化时15眼(6.8%),注吸皮质时3眼(1.3%),植入人工晶状体时2眼(0.9%)。结论:白内障超声乳化中后囊破裂与患者状况、术者的操作技术及经验密切相关,其发生直接影响术后患者的视力恢复,及时发现并妥善处理是提高手术效果的关键。     

Phacoemulsification in posterior polar cataract: does size of lens opacity affect surgical outcome?

Background: To study the effect of size of the posterior polar opacity on surgical and visual outcome of phacoemulsification in posterior polar cataract. Setting: Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Methods: Consecutive patients with posterior polar cataract who underwent phacoemulsification were analysed for intraoperative complications and postoperative outcome. The continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis size was kept approximately 5.5 mm, and hydrodelineation was done instead of hydrodissection. Results: There were 58 eyes of 51 patients who underwent phacoemulsification for posterior polar cataract. The mean follow‐up time was 15.4 months (range 12–40 months). Twenty‐three eyes had size of polar opacities 4 mm or more in diameter whereas 35 eyes had less than 4 mm. Posterior capsule rupture occurred in nine eyes (15.51%). In eyes with polar opacities 4 mm or more, seven (30.43%) had posterior capsule rupture whereas in eyes with less than 4 mm size, only two (5.71%) had posterior capsule rupture. Capsular bag placement of intraocular lens (IOL) was achieved in 50 eyes and sulcus‐sulcus in eight eyes. Three‐piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL was implanted in 47 eyes and all polymethylmethacrylate IOL in 11 eyes. Postoperatively best‐corrected visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 55 eyes (94.8%) and three eyes achieved 6/24 or less. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification in eyes with larger size of polar opacity has significant risk of posterior capsule rupture.     

Single-piece foldable acrylic intraocular lens implantation in the sulcus in eyes with posterior capsule tear during phacoemulsification

PURPOSE: To evaluate early and late period results of the implantation of single-piece foldable acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) in the sulcus in eyes developing a posterior capsule tear (PCT) during phacoemulsification (PE). SETTING: S.S.K. Vakif Gureba Training Hospital Eye Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: This prospective and noncomparative study consisted of 89 eyes of 88 patients in which PCT developed, with or without vitreous loss, and that were followed up for at least 1 year. The IOL was implanted in the sulcus in all eyes with sufficient capsule support. Postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior segment biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP), IOL centralization, and fundus were analyzed. RESULTS: Temporary corneal edema, the most frequently observed cause of reduced vision in the early period, appeared in 33 eyes; high IOP in 17 eyes; anterior chamber inflammatory reaction in 5 eyes; clinical cystoid macular edema in 7 eyes; and retinal detachment in 1 eye. The IOL was decentered in 4 eyes and dislocated in 1 eye. Repositioning was performed in 2 eyes. No IOL was removed. In the early period, BCVA was 5/10 and above in 41 eyes; the final BCVA was 4/10 and below in 16 eyes and of 5/10 and above in 73 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of foldable acrylic IOL in the sulcus in eyes developing posterior capsule tear during phacoemulsification surgery maintains the advantages of a small incision. Postoperative visual results were good, complications were few, and IOLs were centered.     

Perioperative complications of intraocular lens exchange in patients with opacified Aqua-Sense lenses

PURPOSE: To evaluate the perioperative complications of intraocular lens (IOL) exchange in 25 eyes of 22 patients with opacified Aqua-Sense IOLs (Ophthalmic Innovations International). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, United Kingdom. METHODS: The study comprised 22 patients (25 eyes) who had previous phacoemulsification and implantation of Aqua-Sense single-piece hydrophilic acrylic IOLs in the capsular bag and developed severe late opacification of the IOL. All patients reported glare and deterioration in vision. The IOLs were explanted and replaced with new lenses. The perioperative complications were evaluated. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after surgery was compared. RESULTS: In 24 eyes, the opacification was complete, involving the optic, haptics, and substance of the IOLs. Uneventful IOL exchange and placement of a new IOL in the bag was achieved in 13 eyes (52%). Complications occurred in the remaining 12 eyes (48%). Ten eyes (40%) developed zonular dehiscence, 4 (16%) of which were managed with anterior chamber IOL implantation. One eye (4%) developed posterior capsule rupture and 1 eye (4%), posterior capsule rupture and zonular dehiscence. The cornea decompensated in 2 eyes (8%). One eye (4%) developed Pseudomonas keratitis. The mean BCVA (decimal scale) before and after IOL exchange was 0.57 +/- 0.24 and 0.60 +/- 0.28, respectively. There was no significant difference in visual acuity between before and after IOL exchange (P=.782, paired t test). CONCLUSIONS: Explantation of Aqua-Sense IOLs was challenging because of the tight adherence of the optic and haptics to the capsule. Long-term follow-up of patients with Aqua-Sense IOLs should be maintained.     

后极性白内障的超声乳化手术治疗

目的:探讨后极性白内障的临床特点及超声乳化手术的手术技巧。方法:连续收集2009-10/2011-03在本院诊治的后极性白内障患者12例17眼,所有病例均接受详尽的病史采集,以及视力、裂隙灯显微镜检查,B型超声波及间接检眼镜检查,所有患眼在球周浸润麻醉下行超声乳化白内障摘除及折叠人工晶状体植入,总结手术技巧、术前术后视力及术中并发症。结果:所有患眼均植入折叠人工晶状体。术中11眼后囊膜完整透明,2眼后囊膜破裂,其中1眼发生在分核时,另1眼发生在核周壳吸除时;4眼术中发现后囊膜混浊需后期行YAG激光后囊膜切开术。15眼折叠人工晶状体植入囊袋内,2眼植入睫状沟。术后1mo最佳矫正视力≥0.5者16眼,0.4者1眼。结论:超声乳化联合折叠型人工晶状体植入是治疗后极性白内障安全有效的方法。应用连续环形撕囊、轻柔谨慎的水分层而不做水分离,低能量、低吸力、低流量的超声乳化参数设置,手动吸除核周壳和皮质等手术技巧,可以减少手术并发症。     

两种软性材质可折叠IOL在剥脱综合征性白内障患者中临床应用

目的:研讨剥脱综合征性白内障植入Acrysof Natural和硅胶人工晶状体的效果。方法:选择无青光眼发作史的剥脱综合征性白内障65例70眼行超声乳化吸出白内障,无术中并发症60例63眼。其中30例33眼用植入器植入Acrysof Natural人工晶状体;另30例30眼用植入器植入硅胶(silicone)人工晶状体。统计植入术中并发症;术后1d,1wk,3mo,1a的视力、眼压、前房情况、人工晶状体稳定性。结果:Acrysof Natural在植入过程中展开慢,可控性好,在剥脱综合征患者瞳孔不易散大情况下仍能顺利植入,无并发症。对照组硅胶人工晶状体展开时弹射快,有7眼植入过程中发生翻转,在部分悬韧带不健全的病例同时因瞳孔缩小不易观察和控制,造成5眼植入时袢划破后囊膜(16.6%)。1枚弹入玻璃体,取出后改睫状沟植入。术后视力对后囊破裂者不列入正常统计。结论:选择Acrysof Natural人工晶状体单体、袢宽软、植入过程中展开慢、好控制、可避免植入过程并发症。其光学部分相对薄、稳定性好、前房相对较深。组织相容性好,术后反应轻。     

高度近視眼合并白内障超聲乳化摘除術

目的觀察高度近視合并白内障超聲乳化摘除及人工晶狀體植入術的療效.方法對72例(79眼)高度近視白内障患者術前檢查眼軸長,計算人工晶狀體屈光度,經鞏膜隧道切口行超聲乳化摘除及人工晶狀體植入術,對術后視力及并發症進行觀察.結果 79眼術后視力不同程度提高,術后1月視力≥0.5者48眼,＜0.3者13眼,高度近視合并眼底病變是白内障術后視力不佳的原因.結論白内障超聲乳化摘除聯合人工晶狀體植入術是高度近視合并白内障較理想的手術方式,及早抓住手術時機,可以减少手術并發症的發生,獲得良好的手術效果.