Memory clinics

Memory clinics were first described in the 1980s. They have become accepted worldwide as useful vehicles for improving practice in the identification, investigation, and treatment of memory disorders, including dementia. They are provided in various settings, the setting determining clientele and practice. All aim to facilitate referral from GPs, other specialists, or by self referral, in the early stages of impairment, and to avoid the stigma associated with psychiatric services. They bring together professionals with a range of skills for the benefit of patients, carers, and colleagues, and contribute to health promotion, health education, audit, and research, as well as service to patients.     

谈谈记忆方法在教学中的应用

近年来,进入高等或中等职业学校学习的学生,大多数是未考上高中的初中毕业生。这些学生的学习基础差,没有良好的学习习惯,不会运用正确的学习方法,对学习没兴趣。这给教学工作带来了很大难度。为了增强这些学生在学习上的自信心,提高他们的学习积极性,教师就要想办法让学生记住和掌握课堂上所讲的内容,并且要多提问,给学生表现的机会,及时给予鼓励。     

二项必选数字记忆测验与临床记忆量表成绩的相关分析

目的:探讨以二项必选数字记忆测验(BFDMT)的得分来反映临床记忆量表检测记忆商数真实程度的可能性. 方法:对242例脑外伤后精神损伤与伤残鉴定患者进行BFDMT及临床记忆量表的检测,据BFDMT的划界分、按两种要求分别分为有无伪装的2组、不同程度伪装的5组,比较组间记忆商数差异及与BFDMT得分的相关性.结果:①伪装组的记忆商数低于非伪装组(P＜0.01);②不同伪装程度组间记忆商数差异显著(P＜0.01);③BFDMT的总分、容易条目分与困难条目分与临床记忆量表检测所得记忆商数均呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),两个测验总分的相关系数为0.493.结论:BFDMT得分高低在一定程度上能够反映被试者临床记忆量表检测所得记忆商数的真实程度.     

脑动脉硬化症患者记忆功能的评价——Rivermead行为记忆测验的应用

用Rivermoad行为记忆测验检查142例脑动脉硬化症患者和70例健康对照者对行为活动的记忆功能,结果发现疾病组筛选分异常率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。两组间除图片再认和人面再认积分无显著差异外,其余各个项目的测验成绩均有显著差别(P<0.01～0.05)。将疾病组总筛选分与颅脑CT结果进行比较,可见CT异常者的测验成绩明显低于CT正常者(P<0.05)。以上结果表明脑动脉硬化症患者对日常行为活动的记忆力有障碍。     

基底节梗塞对记忆的影响：记忆量表测试

采用中国科学院心理研究所等编制的《临床记忆量表》之乙套测验,对30例基底神经节梗塞患者与30例健康人进行了对照测试。结果:(1)与对照组比较,基底节梗塞可引起较明显的记忆障碍(P<0.001);(2)左侧梗塞与右侧梗塞记忆障碍呈均势现象;(3)单侧梗塞与双侧梗塞记忆障碍无显著差异。作者等认为,基底节梗塞对短时记忆有明显影响,左、右基底节在记忆活动中具有同等重要作用。     

医学生巧记方法

众所周知 ,医科学生课程多 ,学制长 ,要记忆的材料很多。把大量的时间花在死记硬背上 ,是许多医学生深感苦恼的事。所以 ,开发医学生的记忆 ,在记忆中找出“死中求活”的科学规律 ,是完全必要的。记忆是过去经历过的事物在人脑中的反应。包括识记、保持、再认和回忆。识记和保持是“记”的过程 ,再认和回忆是“忆”的过程。因此 ,可以说“记”是“忆”的前提。没有“记”就不会有“忆” ,“忆”是“记”的结果和验证 ,“忆”不出来 ,也就是“记”得不好。所以 ,必须抓住“记”的过程。记忆的方法多种多样 ,不胜枚举 ,下面略举几种常用的记忆…     

Occupational hearing loss

Occupational hearing loss is a common work related problem that can be attributed to an offending agent in the workplace. This paper describes the different causes of occupational hearing loss and its compensation. Physicians should be aware of this preventable medical condition.     

Non-organic visual loss

Visual complaints without a physical basis are not uncommon presentations to the general physician, the neurologist, or the ophthalmologist. These alleged visual disturbances may be psychogenic or feigned. The diagnosis is made when all possible contributory pathology of the visual system is excluded, and reassurance remains the cornerstone of management.     

Recurrent pregnancy loss

Recurrent abortions are hisheartening to the couple and also to the treating clinicians. Miscarriage is the loss of pregnancy weighing 500 g or less. Recurrent miscarriage or habitual abortion is defined as three or more consective abortions. Important factors involved in recurrent early pregnancy loss are genetic factors, endocrine factors, anatomic factors, immunologic factors, infectious factors and environmental factors. The factors are described in a nutshell in the text. Any severe infection that leads to bacteraemia orviraemia can cause sporadic miscarriage. Congenital uterine abnormalities have been associated most often with second-trimestar pregnancy loss. As regarding management of recurrent pregnancy loss the clinician has limited options. The use of aspiration in low dose (75 mg) and heparin is beneficial in APS positive patients. Multivitamins and folic acid assume importance in thrombophilic disorders. Tender live care with regular antenatal check-ups go a great way in achieving live term pregnancy.