卵巢癌组织中TCF4蛋白表达与肿瘤发生和发展的关系研究

目的探讨上皮性卵巢癌组织中TCF4蛋白表达与肿瘤发生、发展的关系,为临床提供参考依据。方法选取2017年1月—2020年2月浙江金华广福医院病理科收集的84例经病理学检查确诊的上皮性卵巢癌组织标本为卵巢癌组,同期收集的卵巢良性肿瘤术后组织标本80例为对照组。采用免疫组化染色和Western blot法检测两组标本中的TCF4蛋白表达,分析不同病理学特征卵巢癌组织中的TCF4蛋白表达差异。结果卵巢癌组TCF4蛋白相对表达量为(0.884±0.209),对照组TCF4蛋白相对表达量为(0.227±0.080),卵巢癌组TCF4蛋白相对表达量显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=26.336,P<0.05)。卵巢癌组的TCF4蛋白阳性表达率为71.43%,对照组的TCF4蛋白阳性表达率为27.50%,卵巢癌组的TCF4蛋白阳性表达率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=31.629,P<0.05)。TCF4阳性患者中,FIGO分期Ⅰ+Ⅱ期33例(62.26%),Ⅲ+Ⅳ期27例(87.10%);组织学分化高+中分化38例(67.86%),低分化22例(78.57%);淋巴结转移33例(84.62%),无淋巴结转移27例(60.00%);病理学类型浆液性46例(76.67%),非浆液性14例(58.33%)。TCF4阴性患者中,FIGO分期Ⅰ+Ⅱ期20例(37.74%),Ⅲ+Ⅳ期4例(12.90%);组织学分化高+中分化18例(32.14%),低分化6例(21.43%);淋巴结转移6例(15.38%),无淋巴结转移18例(40.00%);病理学类型浆液性14例(23.33%),非浆液性10例(41.67%)。Ⅲ+Ⅳ期卵巢癌组织中TCF4蛋白阳性表达率高于Ⅰ+Ⅱ期患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);发生淋巴结转移的卵巢癌组织中TCF4蛋白阳性表达率高于未发生淋巴结转移的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同组织学分化程度、不同病理学类型的卵巢癌组织中的TCF4蛋白阳性表达率组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论上皮性卵巢癌组织中TCF4蛋白表达上调可能与卵巢癌的发生、发展关系密切。     

泛素连接酶E3C在卵巢癌中的表达及与患者临床病理特征、蛋白酶表达和远期预后的相关性

目的探讨卵巢癌中泛素连接酶E3C (UBE3C)的表达情况及其与临床病理特征、蛋白酶表达和远期预后的相关性。方法选取2013年3-12月在该院接受手术切除治疗的卵巢癌患者和卵巢良性肿瘤患者为研究对象,检测其检测UBE3C、蛋白酶的表达情况,随访总生存期及无进展生存期。结果卵巢癌组织中UBE3C的阳性表达率明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤组织,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),且FIGO分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、肿瘤分级G2+G3、淋巴结转移的卵巢癌中UBE3C的阳性表达率明显高于FIGO分期Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、肿瘤分级G1、无淋巴结转移的卵巢癌,差异均有统计学意义(均P0. 05)。UBE3C阳性的卵巢癌组织中MMP-2、MMP-9的mRNA表达水平明显高于UBE3C阴性的卵巢癌组织,TIMP-1、TIMP-2的mRNA表达水平明显低于UBE3C阴性的卵巢癌组织,差异均有统计学意义(均P0. 05);卵巢癌组织中UBE3C阳性表达患者的无进展生存期、总生存期均明显短于卵巢癌组织中UBE3C阴性表达的患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P0. 05)。结论卵巢癌中UBE3C的表达明显升高,且与肿瘤分期分级发展、蛋白酶表达增多及远期预后变差密切相关。     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后ER、PR、Ki-67和Her-2变化

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗前后雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、Ki-67抗原(Ki-67)、人表皮生长因子受体-2(Her-2)表达的变化及意义.方法 回顾性分析99例接受新辅助化疗的乳腺癌患者临床资料,观察化疗近期疗效,免疫组化检测化疗前后乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、Ki-67、Her-2的表达,分析化疗前四者的相关性,疗效与其化疗前表达的关系以及化疗对其表达的影响.结果 新辅助化疗前ER与PR呈显著正相关(r=0.731,P=0.000),与Ki-67呈显著负相关(r=-0.298,P=0.003),PR也与Ki-67呈显著负相关(r=-0.265,P=0.014);化疗结束后16例获得PCR,PCR率为16.16%,ER、PR阴性表达的患者病理完全缓解(PCR)率高于阳性表达患者,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为12.038、10.834,均P<0.05);化疗前激素受体、Ki-67和Her-2阳性/阴性表达或过表达/非过表达间总有效率的比较差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.38、0.17、0.13、0.04,均P>0.05);除去16例获得PCR患者,剩余83例患者新辅助化疗后Ki-67阳性率显著降低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.923,P<0.05),ER、PR阳性率、Her-2过表达率均无显著变化,差异均无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.965、1.364、0.392,均P>0.05).结论 ER、PR阴性表达的乳腺癌患者Ki-67表达增加,提示增殖能力较强,而新辅助化疗可以下调Ki-67表达,降低肿瘤的增殖活性,ER、PR阴性患者对新辅助化疗更为敏感.乳腺癌组织ER、PR和Ki-67表达的变化可以有效预测新辅助化疗的疗效.     

PTEN与VEGF蛋白在原发性卵巢癌中的表达及临床病理学意义

目的:探讨PTEN、VEGF蛋白表达在原发性上皮性卵巢癌发生、发展、转移中的作用及临床病理学意义。方法:利用SP法对正常卵巢(32例)、卵巢良性肿瘤(31例)、上皮性卵巢癌(74例)PTEN、VEGF基因蛋白的表达进行检测。结果:①PTEN在上皮性卵巢癌表达缺失率及VEGF表达率分别高于对照组,P0.01;②PTEN在浆液性囊腺癌表达缺失率高于黏液性囊腺癌,P0.05,晚期表达缺失率高于早期,P0.01,G3表达缺失率高于G1+G2,P0.05;③VEGF晚期的阳性率高于早期,P0.05,淋巴结转移阳性组高于阴性组,P0.05;④PTEN蛋白表达与VEGF表达不相关。结论:PTEN表达缺失、VEGF蛋白表达在上皮性卵巢癌的发生、发展、侵袭中有重要作用;PTEN、VEGF同时发生异常可作为评估卵巢癌恶性程度的重要生物学指标。     

上皮性卵巢癌中AIB1蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的研究AIB1蛋白在卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3，上皮性卵巢癌组织中的表达，探讨其在卵巢肿瘤发生发展中的作用及临床意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3。检测本组20例正常卵巢组织、30例卵巢良性肿瘤及74例上皮性卵巢癌中AIB1蛋白的表达情况，并与临床病理特征相比较。结果卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3中，AIB1蛋白呈高表达状态。卵巢癌组织中，AIB1蛋白的阳性表达率明显高于正常卵巢和卵巢良性肿瘤。随着肿瘤分化程度的逐渐降低，AIB1蛋白的阳性表达率呈不断升高的趋势（P=0．018）。随着肿瘤临床分期逐渐升高，AIB1的表达亦明显升高（P=0．006）。结论AIB1蛋白的表达与上皮性卵巢癌的发生发展、细胞分化程度、临床分期密切相关。     

卵巢上皮性肿瘤中WT1与Ki67的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨肾母细胞瘤基因(Wilm's tumor gene,WT1)和Ki67在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达、临床意义及二者的相关性。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测40例恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织(恶性组)、30例良性卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织(良性组)和20例正常卵巢组织(正常组)中WT1和Ki67的表达。结果:上皮性卵巢癌与卵巢良性肿瘤、正常卵巢组织相比,WT1和Ki67阳性表达率都增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。WT1阳性表达与上皮性卵巢癌的病理分级及FIGO分期相关(P0.05),而与年龄、淋巴结转移和病理类型无关(P0.05)。Ki67阳性表达与上皮性卵巢癌FIGO分期和病理分级相关(P0.05),与淋巴结转移、年龄和病理类型无关(P0.05)。在上皮性卵巢癌中,WT1和Ki67阳性表达呈正相关(r=0.765,P0.05)。结论:WT1异常高表达可能是诊断卵巢癌的分子标志物。WT1和Ki67共同参与上皮性卵巢癌的肿瘤细胞的过度增殖,二者结合检测对恶性卵巢肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗有一定价值。     

宫颈癌组织中Id-1、Ki-67蛋白的表达及意义

目的探讨宫颈癌组织中细胞分化抑制因子-1(Id-1)、细胞核增殖抗原(Ki-67)蛋白的表达及临床意义。方法应用免疫组化SP法对2014年1月-2016年12月北京市华府妇儿医院切除的宫颈癌组织48例(宫颈癌组)、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)组织50例(CIN组),及正常宫颈组织46例(对照组)中的Id-1、Ki-67蛋白表达进行检测,并分析两者与宫颈癌组患者临床病理特征的关系。结果宫颈癌组组织内Id-1、Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达率均高于其他两组(P0.05);CIN组组织内Id-1、Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达率高于对照组(P0.05)。宫颈癌组织中Id-1蛋白与Ki-67蛋白表达与FIGO分期、淋巴结转移有关(P0.05),与年龄、组织类型无关(P0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,宫颈癌组织中Id-1蛋白、Ki-67蛋白表达水平呈正相关(R_s=0.442,P0.05)。结论宫颈癌组织中存在Id-1、Ki-6蛋白的异常高表达,其水平与FIGO分期、淋巴结转移有关,通过检测Id-1、Ki-6蛋白的表达利于检测宫颈癌组织的恶性转化与预后。     

卵巢浆液性癌临床病理特征及Ki-67、CyclinB1、CUEDC2和NAC1的表达

目的探讨卵巢浆液性癌临床病理特征及Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1表达,为建立早期有效的临床诊断和治疗卵巢浆液性癌方法提供参考。方法选择2015年3月-2017年10月在台州市第一人民医院病理诊断为卵巢浆液性癌患者79例作为研究对象,采用免疫组化法检测患者的Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1阳性表达,观察卵巢浆液性癌临床病理特征,比较不同病理分级、不同分期和淋巴结转移Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1阳性表达情况。结果卵巢浆液性癌79例患者中以腹部胀痛和包块为主要症状,病理分级中以高级别为主占75.95%,FIGO分期中以Ⅲ~Ⅳ期为主占70.89%,淋巴结转移中以无淋巴结转移为主占65.82%。高级别Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1阳性率高于低级别,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Ⅲ~Ⅳ期Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1阳性率高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。淋巴结转移Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1阳性率高于无淋巴结转移,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论卵巢浆液性癌临床病理特征以高级别、Ⅲ~Ⅳ期和无淋巴结转移为主,且Ki-67、Cyclin B1、CUEDC2和NAC1呈高表达,随着病情进展阳性表达率越高,值得临床研究。     

CD147在卵巢浆液性和黏液性腺癌中的表达

目的探讨CD147在卵巢浆液性和黏液性腺癌中的表达。方法采用免疫组织组化学方法检测石蜡包埋的40例卵巢浆液性腺癌、40例黏液性腺癌和10例正常的卵巢组织的标本中CD147的表达,应用实时荧光定量RT-PCR的方法检测CD147mRAN的相对含量。结果 CD147在正常卵巢组织中不表达,浆液性腺癌中的阳性表率为75%,与正常卵巢组织相比差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.76,P﹤0.05),在黏液腺癌中的阳性表达率为85%,与正常卵巢组织相比差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.79,P﹤0.05),CD147在浆液性腺癌中和黏液腺癌中的表达差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.25,P﹥0.05),CD147的表达程度与卵巢癌的临床分期及病理分级有关。CD147mRNA的相对含量在卵巢浆液性和黏液性腺癌中分别为0.45和0.58。结论 CD147可能是卵巢癌诊断的标志物和治疗的新靶点。     

上皮性卵巢癌中基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制剂的表达及意义分析

目的检测上皮性卵巢癌中基质金属蛋白酶-2(matrix metalloproteinase-2,MMP-2)及金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-2(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2,TIMP-2)的表达水平,并分析其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化染色法检测MMP-2、TIMP-2在上皮性卵巢癌、上皮性良性卵巢肿瘤及正常卵巢组织3组对象卵巢组织中的阳性表达率,分析上皮性卵巢癌患者不同临床病理特征下MMP-2及TIMP-2的阳性表达水平。结果上皮性卵巢癌组卵巢组织MMP-2及TIMP-2的阳性表达率明显高于良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤组和正常卵巢组织组(P0.05)。MMP-2及TIMP-2在上皮性卵巢癌Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期患者中的阳性表达率明显高于Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期患者(P0.05);在低分化(G3)患者中的阳性表达率明显高于高、中分化(G1+G2)患者(P0.05);在有淋巴结转移患者中的阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移患者(P0.05)。结论 MMP-2和TIMP-2的检测是否可作为早期诊断上皮性卵巢癌的生物指标,尚需进一步研究,但MMP-2及TIMP-2的表达水平与上皮性卵巢癌的临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移有关,可作为判断上皮性卵巢癌预后的辅助指标。     

Lunasin is prevalent in barley and is bioavailable and bioactive in in vivo and in vitro studies

Lunasin, a unique 43-amino acid peptide found in a number of seeds, has been shown to be chemopreventive in mammalian cells and in a skin cancer mouse model. To elucidate the role of cereals in cancer prevention, we report here the prevalence, bioavailability, and bioactivity of lunasin from barley. Lunasin is present in all cultivars of barley analyzed. The liver and kidney of rats fed with lunasin-enriched barley (LEB) show the presence of lunasin in Western blot. Lunasin extracted from the kidney and liver inhibits the activities of HATs (histone acetyl transferases), yGCN5 by 20% and 18% at 100 nM, and PCAF activity by 25% and 24% at 100 nM, confirming that the peptide is intact and bioactive. Purified barley lunasin localizes in the nuclei of NIH 3T3 cells. Barley lunasin added to NIH 3T3 cells in the presence of the chemical carcinogen MCA activates the expression of tumor suppressors p21 and p15 by 45% and 47%, decreases cyclin D1 by 98%, and inhibits Rb hyperphosphorylation by 45% compared with the MCA treatment alone. We conclude that lunasin is prevalent in barley, bioavailable, and bioactive and that consumption of barley could play an important role of cancer prevention in barley-consuming populations.     

Salmonellas in pigs and animal feeding stuffs in England and Wales and in Denmark

A comparison has been made between the incidence of salmonellas in pigs and feeding stuffs in England and Wales and in Denmark. In Denmark there is veterinary legislation requiring the sterilization of imported and home produced feed ingredients of animal origin. There is no such legislation in England and Wales. In Denmark 0·3% of resterilized imported meat and bone meal was contaminated with salmonellas. This compared with 23% of meat and bone meal in England and Wales and 20-27% of other ingredients of animal origin. In England and Wales salmonellas were isolated from 7% of caecal samples and 6% of lymph node samples, while in Denmark they were isolated from 3% of caecal samples and 4% of lymph node samples. In England and Wales 25 serotypes were found in both pigs and feeds and these included nearly all the most prevalent human pathogens. In Denmark four of the six serotypes in pigs had been found in resterilized feed. One notable difference between the two studies was the very wide range of serotypes found in pigs in England and Wales and the narrow range in Denmark. A second was that Salmonella typhimurium formed 15% of all Salmonella strains isolated from pigs in England and Wales, and 60% of those in Denmark.     

Lead and cadmium in soil and Isopoda woodlice in Croatia

The aim of the study was to determine lead and cadmium concentrations in Isopoda woodlice and soil and to estimate their relation in the environment and the possibility of the use of isopods as biological indicators of pollution. Samples of isopods and soil were collected at two locations in Northern Croatia and analyzed for lead and cadmium. One location was in the forest, and another in the meadow near the road. Isopods were dry- ashed and soil was extracted with nitric acid. Elements were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results revealed that the two locations were significantly different in lead and cadmium in extracted soil and isopods. Lead concentration in extracted soil was 34.6 mg/kg dry weight in the forest and 43.3 mg/kg dry weight in the meadow near the road. Respective cadmium values were 0.147 and 0.180 mg/kg. Lead concentrations in isopods were 2.40 and 4.22 mg/kg dry weights, and cadmium 0.757 and 0.411 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. Correlation of lead or cadmium between isopods and soil irrespective of location gave significant and linear relations for both elements.     

环孢素A及其在产科和生殖领域应用的研究

环孢素A(Cyclosporin A,CsA)是一种大环内酯类免疫抑制剂,广泛应用于器官移植后排斥反应和自身免疫性疾病的防治.近年对CsA在产科和生殖领域的应用展开了一系列研究,CsA不仅能从多方面诱导母胎免疫耐受,还能促进滋养细胞增殖、抑制凋亡,增强其运动、迁移和侵袭能力,从而对妊娠起到双重调节作用,有望成为原因不明...     

Prevalence and Trends in Overweight in Mexican-American Adults and Children

Overweight and obesity have been increasing in many countries. Our objective is to describe the trends in overweight and obesity occurring in the Mexican-American population in the United States. Data on measured height and weight for Mexican Americans come from the following surveys: the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES, 1982–84), the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988–94), and NHANES 1999–2002. In 1999–2002, 73% of Mexican-American adults were overweight and 33% were obese. Obesity increased between NHANES III and NHANES 1999–2002, from 24% to 27% for men and from 35% to 38% for women. Increases were also seen for children and adolescents. The Mexican-American population in the United States, both children and adults, is showing trends in overweight and obesity over time that are similar to those seen in other segments of the U.S. population and indeed in many countries     

Management of pregnancy and childbirth in England and Wales and in France

This paper reviews national data on obstetric and neonatal practices in England and Wales, and in France between 1970 and 1980. The data have been derived from national statistics and surveys on national samples of births in 1970, 1975 and 1980 in England and Wales, and 1972, 1976 and 1981 in France. The analysis shows that there was no major difference in pregnancy outcome, but wide variations in medical practices, and their trend over time. The main differences were: in England and Wales a higher number of antenatal visits, a higher percentage of inpatient admissions during pregnancy, a higher rate of induction, more episiotomies, a higher rate of resuscitation at birth, and admission to neonatal special care units; in France, a higher rate of caesarean sections before and during labour, some evidence of a more active management of labour, and a longer hospital post-natal stay. These differences in practice reflect differences in objectives and assessment of the effectiveness of care between the two countries: they point out the need for better monitoring and evaluation of obstetric and neonatal practices.     

Research and teaching in social and preventive medicine and in public health

Summary Both public health and social and preventive medicine are characterised by the common goal of promoting, maintaining and improving health and preventing disease, and both are concerned with a population-related, preventive and environmental perspective. But whereas public health is interdisciplinary and goes far beyond the medical focus, social and preventive medicine is medically based and forms a bridge between public health and medical practice. Research in a department of social and preventive medicine serves to support preventive and medico-social activities in medical practice as well as in public health. This is illustrated by results from research conducted at the author's department during the last twenty years. Examples are research in support of smoking cessation activities, and research used for the planning of care for the elderly. Both the research and the teaching activities of the department take into account the population focus of public health as well as the focus on individual medicine in clinical practice.

---

Forschung und Lehre in Sozial-und Präventivmedizin und öffentlicher Gesundheit

Zusammenfassung Sowohl das Gebiet der öffentlichen Gesundheit als auch dasjenige der Sozial-und Präventivmedizin sind durch das Ziel der Förderung, Erhaltung und Verbesserung der Gesundheit sowie der Krankheitsvorbeugung gekennzeichnet, und beide beschäftigen sich mit einer bevölkerungsbezogenen, präventiven und umweltbezogenen Perspektive. Aber während die öffentliche Gesundheit stark interdisziplinär ist und weit über den medizinischen Fokus hinausreicht, ist die Sozial-und Präventivmedizin ein medizinisches Fach und stellt eine Brücke zwischen der öffentlichen Gesundheit und der ärztlichen Praxis dar. Die Forschung in einem Institut für Sozial-und Präventivmedizin dient der Förderung präventiver und sozialmedizinischer Tätigkeiten in der ärztlichen Praxis wie auch in der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Dies wird durch die Forschungstätigkeit des Instituts des Autors aus den letzten 20 Jahren illustriert, wobei Beispiele aus den Gebieten der Förderung der Raucherentwöhnung und der Betreuung behinderter Betagter dargestellt werden. Sowohl in den Forschungs-als auch in den Lehrtätigkeiten des Instituts finden der Bevölkerungsbezug der öffentlichen Gesundheit wie auch der individualmedizinische Ansatz der ärztlichen Praxis ihren Ausdruck.

---

La recherche et l'ensignement en médecine sociale et préventive et en santé publique

Résumé La santé publique aussi bien que la médecine sociale et préventive sont caractérisées par le but commun de promouvoir, maintenir et améliorer l'état de santé et de prévenir les maladies, et elles s'orientent vers une perspective de population, de prévention et environnementale. Mais la santé publique est interdisciplinaire et va loin au-delà de la médecine, tandis que la médecine sociale et préventive est basée sur la médecine et représente le lien entre la santé publique et la pratique médicale. La recherche d'un institut de médecine sociale et préventive sert à appuyer les activités préventives et médico-sociales au cabinet médical aussi bien qu'en santé publique. Cela est illustré par des résultats de recherches conduites dans les vingt années passées à l'institut de l'auteur, et les exemples sont tirés de la recherche en appui de la promotion de la cessation de fumée et de la planification de la prise en charge des personnes âgées et handicapées. Les activités de recherche et de l'enseignement de l'institut tiennent compte de la perspective de population cacactéristique de la santé publique, aussi bien que de la dimension de médecine individuelle caractéristique de la pratique clinique.

---

---

Paper presented at a symposium on The Public Health Perspective of Social and Preventive Medicine, in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Berne, 25 June 1992 in Berne.