完善医疗机构医务处实习生管理的现状分析

目的：为解决某医疗机构医务处在卫生管理实习生实习管理中存在的问题,加强医务处实习生的管理。方法：结合相关文献资料,对某医疗机构医务处近年来实习生的实习管理过程进行分析,发现问题并提出建议。结果：医务处在实习生管理方面存在缺少临床实习;科室管理理念需完善,带教模式需调整;缺少实习生监管及考核制度等问题。结论：某医疗机构医务处实习生管理中存在的问题可通过对实习内容与管理进行改善,通过加强内容的实践性,完善科室管理理念;调整带教模式,引入助理式管理;建立激励机制,落实考核制度提高实习质量。     

规范医学生临床实习管理体会

医学是一门实践性很强的科学，一名合格的临床医生不仅要求理论基础扎实，更要有过硬的实践能力。如何提高医学实习生临床实习质量，培养合格医学人才，是我们不断探索和完善的一个永恒课题，本文结合我院的具体做法，就如何规范医学生临床实习管理谈以下体会。     

消化科临床实习带教的研究与探索

临床实习是医学生培养过程中的重要环节,文章从重视入科教育、加强实习生临床思维培养和组织出科考核三方面进行研究与探索,对实习生在消化内科实习提出实践性改进,从而提高实习质量,使其更好地成为合格的临床医学人才.     

狠抓临床实习环节管理 培养实用型合格卫生人才

临床实习是医学生将理论知识与临床实践相结合的关键阶段,是实现医学理论知识向个人能力转化的关键过程,临床实习质量的高低对医学生今后的发展起着至关重要的作用。随着医学科学的发展和现代医学模式的转变,如何通过加强对临床毕业实习重要环节管理,培养实用型合格卫生人才,笔者结合自己医院在近年来的临床实习管理工作,在完善医院临床实习带教管理制度、临床实习岗前教育培训、培养良好医德学风、实习生纪律管理和安全管理、临床实习转科考核制度、重视带教信息反馈等重要环节方面做些肤浅探讨,不断总结经验,持续改进工作,强抓环节管理,提高临床实习带教质量,继续为基层医疗单位培养出一批又一批的实用型合格卫生人才。     

加强信息交流 促进学校对临床实习学生的管理

临床实习中由于存在实习生分布散、学校和医院之间的关系松散、社会对学生的影响加大等原因,致使学生、学校医院三方不能有效地进行信息交流,给学校的临床实习管理带来了难度.因而要利用电话、手机短信、网上QQ等种现代化信息传递工具,加强三方的信息交流,构建教学管理网络平台.只有充分重视并加强临床实习管理这-学环节,完善实习管理制度,才能培养合格的医学人才.     

关于加强卫生监督机构医学院校实习基地建设的几点思考

实习是医学院校毕业生的必修课,如何配合高校开展大学生的毕业实习,对于高校完善办学模式,培养合格的人才具有现实意义。作者结合泰州市卫生监督所大学生实习基地建设十年带教工作积累的经验,浅谈卫生计生监督机构如何做好大学生毕业实习安排与管理,并结合高校大学生培养目标定位,提出实习生社会实践技能和适应能力培养的新思路。     

实习生医疗安全管理的探讨

临床实习生医疗安全是教学医院管理中的重点和难点.探讨加强实习生医疗安全管理的途径与方法,完善实习生医疗安全管理机制,将医疗安全教育贯穿于临床课程教学之中,抓好进入实习前的培训,注重临床能力的培养,与医德医风教育相结合,发挥临床老师的带教作用,提高医患沟通技巧,重视医疗文件的规范书写,克服实习后期倦怠心理,强化临床实习生自我医疗安全管理意识,是教学医院实现医疗安全管理的有效策略.     

目标管理式临床带教在传染科护理实习生中的应用

传染科护理临床实习是护理实习生进行护理实习的重要阶段,更是培养护理人员综合能力的关键环节,对于护理实习生未来的护理生涯发展意义重大,而实习带教的质量也关系到医院对于护理人才的培养以及未来护理专业的发展,为了更好地提高传染科护理实习生的综合素质和临床实习带教质量,医院对护理实习生实行了目标管理,本文将对传染科护理实习生目标管理式带教在临床中的引用进行分析。     

护理临床实习环节的管理

护理临床实习是护生理论与实践相结合的必经之路,护理临床实习效果关键在于临床教学的组织和管理。我院是一所综合性二级甲等医院,近年来,我院因发展需要大量接收护理实习生,在学生实习期间将目标管理原理融入临床实习管理实践中,加强对护理临床实习教学环节的管理,规范了护理临床教学,提高了实习生的综合素质,保证了实习生的质量,为科室使用聘用护士做好了人员储备。     

消毒供应中心带教实习生的管理体会

本院是多所本专科院校的实习基地.每年接受大量实习生.如何做好带教管理工作,不断提高临床实习质量,是我们不断探索和完善的课题. 1资料与方法 1.1 资料对2009年度132名实习生进行了带教过程观察.通过对实习过程中出现的劳动纪律及清洗消毒检查包装灭菌发放等工作环节中的质量缺陷、自身防护、无菌观念及洗手依从性进行了分析和对照.     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.