非那雄胺对大鼠前列腺增生组织血管内皮生长因子和微血管密度的影响

目的 探讨非那雄胺对大鼠前列腺增生组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和微血管密度(MVD)的影响. 方法 雄性SD大鼠40只,隔日于颈部皮下注射丙酸睾丸酮(连续28 d),建立大鼠前列腺增生模型,之后将大鼠随机分为5组:A组灌胃给予安慰剂,B、C、D、E组灌胃给予非那雄胺,持续时间分别1周,2周,3周,4周.采用免疫组化法检测大鼠前列腺组织中VEGF和MVD的表达. 结果 A组前列腺组织中VEGF的表达和MVD明显高于B、C、D、E组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组前列腺组织中VEGF的表达和MVD高于D、E组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组前列腺组织VEGF的表达和MVD高于D、E组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组前列腺组织中VEGF的表达和MVD与C组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);D组前列腺组织中VEGF的表达和MVD与E组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 非那雄胺可以抑制大鼠前列腺组织中VEGF的表达,降低腺体内微血管密度,并且其抑制程度与非那雄胺的作用时间有关.     

柴胡总皂甙对对戊四氮慢性点燃大鼠海马 GFAP表达的影响

目的 研究柴胡总皂甙对戊四氮（PTZ）慢性点燃癫痫模型大鼠海马区星形胶质细胞的胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）表达的影响。方法48只健康SD大鼠被随机均分为6组,即空白组（A组）、生理盐水组（B组）、丙戊酸钠（VPA）组（C组）和柴胡总皂甙高、中、低3种剂量组（D组、E组、F组）,除A组不做处理外,其他各组采用腹腔注射盯z慢性点燃造模,造模同时给予VPA、柴胡总皂甙等不同处理因素,连续4周后取脑组织切片进行免疫组化染色,从阳性细胞数、截面积、灰度值分析结果。结果B组海马各区的阳性细胞数、阳性细胞截面积高于其他各组（P〈0．01）。B组海马各区阳性细胞灰度值低于其他各组,经统计分析CAI区与A组、C组、D组差异显著（P〈01）,CA2区与A组、C组、D组、E组差异显著（P〈．05）,而在DG区与F组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,与A组、C组、D组、E组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论柴胡总皂甙可以抑制PTZ点燃大鼠海马GFAP的过度表达．柴胡总皂甙存在抑制点燃大鼠海马星形胶质细胞的异常激活的作用。     

癌痛消颗粒调节大鼠移植性肝癌VEGF和MVD表达的实验研究

目的：用大鼠walker-256移植性肝癌模型研究癌痛消颗粒对肿瘤血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和微血管密度（MVD）的影响，以探讨该药癌痛消颗粒抗肝癌作用的机制。方法：将40只大鼠移植性肝癌模型随机分为4组，即癌痛消颗粒高剂量组（A组）、癌痛消颗粒低剂量组（B组）、5-Fu组（c组）、生理盐水组（D组），于造模后第8天对癌痛消治疗组及生理盐水组灌胃给药，5-Fu组腹腔注射给药，连续用药14天后停药24h，处死大鼠，取出瘤块，用免疫组化法检测瘤块中vEGF和MVD的表达情况。另设正常饲养组（E组）大鼠10只，不进行造模及给药，供实验结束时作空白对照用。结果：造模各组（A、B、C、D组）VEGF及MVD的表达水平均明显高于正常组（E组）（P〈0．01）；两者的表达均以D组最高；和D组比较，A、B、C组均可明显降低VEGF及MvD的表达（P〈0．01），A组比B组作用更为明显（P〈0．05）.结论：癌痛消颗粒可下调大鼠移植性肝癌VEGF和MVD的表达，以高剂量组作用更为明显。     

加味桂枝茯苓颗粒对大鼠前列腺增生组织血管内皮生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子表达水平的影响

目的 通过加味桂枝茯苓颗粒对大鼠前列腺增生组织中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）表达水平影响的研究,探讨加味桂枝茯苓颗粒对良性前列腺增生症（BPH）的作用机制。方法 2013年1月-2015年6月,选取90只雄性SD大鼠,采用随机数字表法将其分成正常组（A组,25只）和模型组（65只）,A组随机取20只,模型组在验证造模成功后随机取60只,模型组采用随机数字表进一步分为对照组（B组,20只）、加味桂枝茯苓颗粒组（C组,20只）、非那雄胺片组（D组,20只）。A组大鼠正常饲养,模型组造模,之后B组大鼠0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃,C组大鼠加味桂枝茯苓颗粒溶液灌胃,D组大鼠非那雄胺片溶液灌胃。于末次灌胃治疗结束24 h后进行前列腺组织标本采集。记录各组大鼠前列腺体积、前列腺增生指数,采用免疫组化SP法检测VEGF、bFGF表达水平。结果 B组前列腺体积、前列腺增生指数大于A组（P＜0.05）;C组、D组前列腺体积、前列腺增生指数小于B组（P＜0.05）。B组、C组、D组VEGF、bFGF表达水平高于A组（P＜0.05）;C组、D组VEGF、bFGF表达水平低于B组（P＜0.05）。结论 加味桂枝茯苓颗粒通过降低大鼠前列腺增生腺体组织中VEGF、bFGF表达水平,进而缩小前列腺体积,降低前列腺增生指数,从而达到治疗BPH的效果。     

超声破坏微泡联合G-CSF促进心肌梗死大鼠血管新生

目的：探讨超声破坏微泡联合粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）刺激大鼠梗死心肌血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）分泌、促进血管新生的有效性．方法：心肌梗死模型Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为：超声＋微泡造影剂＋G—CSF（A组）;超声＋微泡造影剂组（B组）;单纯G—CSF组（C组）;单纯手术（SA）组（D组）．于治疗后2wk处死大鼠取材,采用免疫组化法检测心肌组织CD34的表达,并在显微镜下计数心肌内新生血管密度（MVD）．采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测心肌组织内VEGF蛋白表达情况．结果：免疫组化显示A组心肌组织中有大量CD34表达,新生血管最多,MVD计数为（231±24）个／高倍镜视野,明显高于B组（148±19）,C组（100±12）,D组（86±8）个／高倍镜视野,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．ELISA检测结果显示A组心肌组织中VEGF蛋白表达量为（3．14±0．21）ng／g,明显高于B组（2．56±0．17）,C组（1．91±0．14）,D组（0．97±0．11）ng／g,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．结论：超声破坏微泡可刺激缺血心肌内源性VEGF分泌,促进心肌血管新生,联合G—CSF能明显增强其血管新生作用．     

术前应用地佐辛对瑞芬太尼诱发早期痛觉过敏大鼠模型的抑制效应

目的在瑞芬太尼诱发术后2h痛觉过敏大鼠模型中,探讨术前应用地佐辛抑制痛觉过敏的效果及机理。方法制备瑞芬太尼痛觉过敏模型：将大鼠分为切口组（I）和切口加瑞芬太尼组（IR）,分别泵人生理盐水和瑞芬太尼（1．3μg·kg。·min-1）,同时行切口手术。模型成功后将大鼠随机分为A、B、C、D、E5组,分别给予生理盐水、x受体激动剂U50488、小剂量”受体拮抗剂CTOP、U50488加小剂量CTOP和地佐辛,建立痛觉过敏模型。于术前、术后2h测量各组大鼠热缩足反射潜伏期（PWTL）,检测脊髓强啡肽表达。结果（1）PWTL：与I组相比,IR组明显缩短（P〈0．05）;与A组相比,B、C、D、E组延长（P〈0．05）;与B、C组相比,D、E组延长（P〈0．05）;D、E组无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。（2）强啡肽：与A、C组相比,B、D、E组均增加（P〈0．05）;I、IR组之间,A、c组之间,B、D、E组之间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论持续泵人瑞芬太尼在术后2h诱发了痛觉过敏;地佐辛通过两方面协同抑制痛觉过敏：一方面拮抗部分”受体,另一方面激动x受体促进内源性强啡肽表达增加。     

大黄四君子汤对重症胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用

目的：研究大黄四君子汤对重症胰腺炎（SAP）大鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用。方法：采用胰管逆行注射牛磺胆酸钠建立大鼠SAP模型。60只大鼠随机分为空白对照组（A组）,SAP组（B组）,SAP＋肠外营养（TPN）组（C组）,SAP＋TPN＋谷氨酰胺（Gln）组（D组）,SAP＋肠内营养（EN）组（E组）,SAP＋TPN＋中药组（F组）;分别给予相应处理：肠内和肠外营养液等热卡为250kcal·kg^-1·d^-1,氮热卡比值为1：100,Gln浓度为2g／100ml,大黄四君子汤浓度为1g／ml。术后第5天处死大鼠,检测胰腺、空肠黏膜形态学变化,观察肝脾及肠系膜淋巴结细菌培养结果。结果：B、C组黏膜厚度、绒毛高度及隐窝深度较D、E、F组均明显降低（P〈0．01）;E组高于D、F组（P〈0．05）;D组与F组比较,无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。B、C组脏器细菌培养阳性率明显高于D、E、F组（P〈0．05）,以肠系膜淋巴结培养阳性率最高;检出细菌多数为革兰阴性肠道杆菌。结论：大黄四君子汤可减少SAP大鼠肠源性细菌移位,起到保护肠黏膜屏障的作用。     

淫羊藿黄酮对被动吸烟大鼠骨量与骨代谢生化指标的影响及其相关性研究

目的 探讨淫羊藿黄酮干预对被动吸烟大鼠骨量与骨代谢生化指标的影响及其相关性。方法选用2月龄Sprague—Dawley（SD）大鼠60只,随机分为6组,每组10只,各组雌雄各半,雌雄分笼饲养。A组：空白对照组,常规方法饲养,不给予被动吸烟;B组：被动吸烟组,不给予灌服药物;C组：被动吸烟＋钙组,灌服高效钙（75mg·ks^-1·d^-1）＋维生素D321IU·kg^-1-d^-1;D组：被动吸烟＋低剂量[灌服淫羊藿黄酮（75mg·kg^-1·d^-1）];E组：被动吸烟＋中剂量[灌服淫羊藿黄酮（150mg·kg^-1·d^-1）];F组：被动吸烟＋高剂量[灌服淫羊藿黄酮（300mg·kg^-1·d^-1）]。按“密室熏烟法”给予实验的（B、C、D、E、F组）大鼠被动吸烟4个月。实验动物干预8周和4个月时测定血Ca、血P、血ALP、尿Ca、尿P、血清骨钙素、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶、尿脱氧吡啶啉、股骨和腰椎骨密度,并分析骨密度与骨代谢生化指标之间的相关性。结果（1）股骨和腰椎骨密度、BGP在第8周和在4个月末时血ALP指标A、C、D、E、F组较B组为高,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;D、E、F组随淫羊藿黄酮剂量的增加而增加,但其相互之间差异元统计学意义（P〉0．05）;其它各组之间相互比较其差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。TRACP的活性、Dpd浓度、在第8周和在4个月末时尿Ca、尿Hop指标A、C、D、E、F组较B组为低,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;D、E、F组随淫羊藿黄酮剂量的增加而降低,但其相互之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;其它各组之间相互比较其差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）在第8周及在4个月末时尿Ca、尿Hop和TRACP及Dpd／Cr指标A、C、D、E、F组较B组为低,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;D、E、F组随淫羊藿黄酮剂量的增加而降低,但其相互之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;其它各组之间相互比较其差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。股骨和腰椎骨密度与BGP、ALP呈明显正相关（r=0．784及0．816,P〈0．05;r=0．743及0．807,P〈0．05）。股骨和腰椎骨密度与TRACP的活性、Dpd浓度、尿Ca、尿Hop呈明显负相关（r分别=-0．617、-0．608、-0．587、-0．611,P〈0．05;r分别=-0．614、-0．621、-0．583、-0．617,P〈0．05）。结论淫羊藿黄酮干预可明显改善被动吸烟大鼠的骨密度和骨生化指标,且骨密度与骨生化指标之间存在明显的相关性。     

超低频经颅磁刺激对脑缺血大鼠认知功能的影响及机制

目的：研究超低频经颅磁刺激（TMS）对脑缺血大鼠认知功能的影响并探讨其机制。方法将60只健康大鼠分为4组（各15只）：A组（假手术组）,B组（模型组）,C组（TMS组）和D组（TMS＋H89组）。比较各组大鼠的逃避潜伏时间、跨越原平台次数及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和巢蛋白（nestin）的表达水平。结果A组大鼠逃避潜伏期为（16．31±2．33）s,跨越原平台次数为（8．02±1．76）次;B组大鼠逃避潜伏期为（57．14±2．89）s,跨越原平台次数为（3．15±0．88）次;C组大鼠逃避潜伏期为（29．18±1．95）s,跨越原平台次数为（5．44±0．75）次;D组大鼠逃避潜伏期为（45．87±2．06）s,跨越原平台次数为（4．16±1．02）次。与A组比较,B、C、D组大鼠的逃避潜伏期明显延长,且B组长于D组及C组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;大鼠的跨越原平台次数明显减少,且B组少于D组及C组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。各组大鼠VECF、BDNF和nestin表达水平比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论低频TMS可以明显改善脑缺血大鼠的认知功能,其作用与环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白及其下游基因（VEGF、BDNF）的表达有关。     

栝楼薤白半夏汤对MIRI大鼠VEGF蛋白、基因表达及MVD影响的实验研究

目的 探讨栝楼薤白半夏汤(GXBD)对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤后心肌组织中VEGF蛋白、基因表达及MVD的影响.方法 随机将50只雄性SD大鼠分为假手术组(A组)、模型组(B组)、缺血预处理组(C组)、GXBD低剂量预处理组[D组,4.6 g/(kg· d)]、GXBD高剂量预处理组[E组,18.4 g/(kg·d)].免疫组化方法检测VEGF蛋白表达、MVD,RT-PCR方法检测VEGF mRNA的表达.结果 与A组比较,B、C、D、E组VEGF蛋白与基因表达、MVD增加(P＜0.05);与B组比较,C、D、E组VEGF蛋白与基因表达、MVD增加(P＜0.05);与C组比较,D组VEGF蛋白与基因表达、MVD明显增加(P＜0.01),而E组差异没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 GXBD能通过上调VEGF蛋白和基因的表达、升高MVD,促进大鼠MIRI后心肌组织的血管新生,形成冠脉侧支,改善血液循环,减轻再灌注损伤.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.