卡培他滨单药维持治疗晚期胃癌的临床意义探究

目的分析在晚期胃癌患者治疗中应用卡培他滨单药治疗的效果。方法选取在我院治疗的90例晚期胃癌患者,根据治疗方式分为治疗组以及常规组,每组45例,常规组患者使用常规的治疗方式,治疗组患者在常规组治疗基础上使用卡培他滨单药进行治疗,比较分析两组患者临床治疗效果。结果治疗组以及常规组中位没有疾病的进展时间是8个月、5个月,治疗组患者与常规组患者比较差异显著,存在统计学方面的意义(P<0.05);两组患者治疗1年后的生存率比较差异显著,存在统计学方面的意义(P<0.05)。结论在晚期胃癌治疗中,应用卡培他滨单药进行维持治疗,可以提高患者生存率,降低不良反应发生率,具有临床应用的价值。     

比较多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨与奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效

目的比较多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨与奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效。方法选取本院收治的78例晚期胃癌患者,根据不同化疗方案将其分为对照组(多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨治疗,n=31)和观察组(奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗,n=31),化疗2个周期后比较两组的近期疗效和不良反应发生率。结果对照组治疗有效率为48.72%,观察组为53.85%,两组的治疗有效率对比无显著差异(P> 0.05);对照组不良反应发生率为46.15%,观察组为38.46%,组间不良反应发生率对比无明显差异(P> 0.05),无化疗不耐受中途退出病例。结论多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨与奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗晚期胃癌疗效相当,安全性相近,患者均可耐受化疗。     

替吉奥与卡培他滨在老年晚期胃癌患者治疗中的药物经济学分析

目的评价替吉奥胶囊与卡培他滨片治疗老年晚期胃癌患者的成本-效果,为临床合理用药提供指导。方法选取老年晚期胃癌患者(年龄>65岁)76例(替吉奥组40例,卡培他滨组36例),比较口服用药6周期后的疗效、不良反应及治疗成本,并进行成本-效果分析。结果替吉奥组与卡培他滨组的治疗肿瘤控制率分别为53%、56%,两组间疗效无显著差异(P>0.05);成本/效果比(C/E)分别为411.91和517.24;卡培他滨组的口腔炎及手足综合征不良反应发生率较替吉奥组高(P<0.05),其他不良反应发生率无显著差异。结论替吉奥与卡培他滨用于治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效相似,替吉奥治疗老年晚期胃癌患者在药物经济学上优于卡培他滨。     

卡培他滨辅助化疗治疗老年晚期胃癌的临床疗效

目的:分析卡培他滨辅助化疗治疗老年晚期胃癌的临床疗效。方法:将2015年12月至2017年12月在我院诊治的老年晚期胃癌患者87例,随机分为观察组43和对照组42例。对照组应用顺铂联合紫杉醇化疗,观察组在对照组基础上予以卡培他滨辅助化疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效及不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组的总有效率明显高于对照组,P0.05,差异均有统计学意义。观察组的不良反应发生率和对照组比较,P0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论:复卡培他滨辅助化疗治疗老年晚期胃癌能够明显提高患者的临床治疗效果,但并未增加不良反应的发生率,可在临床推广应用。     

放疗联合奥沙利铂与卡培他滨治疗局部晚期直肠癌的临床疗效观察

目的探讨放疗联合奥沙利铂与卡培他滨治疗局部晚期直肠癌的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2009年1月至2011年12月收治的70例局部晚期直肠癌患者的资料,所有患者均经手术治疗,按照患者术后治疗方式分为观察组(30例)及对照组(40例),观察组患者采用放疗联合奥沙利铂与卡培他滨治疗,对照组患者仅采用奥沙利铂与卡培他滨联合化疗,随访3年,比较两组患者的对两组患者的3年生存率、局部复发率及远处转移率,同时对两组患者不良反应进行评价。结果观察组患者局部复发率低、远处转移率低,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者生存率比较有明显差异(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应比较无明显差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论放疗联合奥沙利铂与卡培他滨治疗局部晚期直肠癌,能提高手术成功率,不增加不良反应,可作为晚期直肠癌的标准治疗方法。     

卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂或顺铂一线治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的探讨奥沙利铂与卡培他滨联合治疗晚期胃癌的临床效果。方法以我院于2012年8月至2016年2月收治的42例晚期胃癌患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组各21例。给予对照组卡培他滨联合顺铂治疗,给予观察组卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂治疗,对比两种治疗方法的临床效果。结果两组患者的近期疗效、远期疗效无明显差异,不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),但在生活质量评分、不良反应发生率上,观察组均明显优于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对晚期胃癌患者实施奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗,不良反应较少,安全性高,值得推广和应用。     

老年晚期乳腺癌给予卡培他滨单药维持治疗的临床研究

目的探讨卡培他滨对老年晚期乳腺癌的维持治疗效果。方法抽取我院2015年3月至2016年3月收治的80例老年晚期乳腺癌患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组。对照组采用常规疗法,观察组在此基础上加用卡培他滨,比较两组患者治疗效果、疾病控制率、平均疾病进展时间和不良反应发生率。结果对照组治疗总有效率为45.0%,观察组治疗总有效率为70.0%,差异明显(P <0.05),比较两组疾病控制率和平均疾病进展时间,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组不良反应发生率相比,无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论卡培他滨治疗老年晚期乳腺癌效果好,可有效控制疾病进程,值得推广应用。     

奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨对蒽环类或紫杉醇耐药性晚期乳腺癌的治疗效果

目的探讨奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗蒽环类或紫杉醇耐药性晚期乳腺癌的临床疗效以及不良反应。方法随机选取2014年1月—2015年12月收治在笔者所在医院的80例蒽环类或紫杉醇耐药性晚期乳腺癌患者,分为对照组、观察组各40例,采用奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗观察组患者,单用卡培他滨治疗对照组。两组患者均2个疗程后进行疗效评估。结果观察组患者治疗有效率(40%);对照组患者治疗有效率(17.5%);观察组有效率大于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组较对照组患者药物不良反应降低明显。结论奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗蒽环类或紫杉醇耐药性晚期乳腺癌临床效果和生活质量明显好于卡培他滨单用治疗,而且患者的安全性更高、耐受性更好。     

探讨长春瑞滨联合卡培他滨或表阿霉素治疗晚期乳腺癌的疗效和不良反应

目的探讨长春瑞滨联合卡培他滨或表阿霉素治疗晚期乳腺癌的疗效和安全性。方法选取晚期乳腺癌患者88例,按照随机数字表法,分为对照组和观察组,各44例。对照组采用长春瑞滨联合表阿霉素进行化疗,观察组采用长春瑞滨联合卡培他滨进行化疗,比较两组临床疗效和不良反应发生情况。结果对照组治疗总有效率为59.09%,观察组治疗总有效率为63.63%,两组差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长春瑞滨联合卡培他滨治疗晚期乳腺癌时导致的不良反应少于长春瑞滨联合表阿霉素,具备更高的安全性。     

卡培他滨与草酸铂联用对晚期大肠癌患者的临床疗效评价

目的:评价卡培他滨与草酸铂联用对晚期大肠癌患者的临床疗效与安全性。方法:选取2014年4月—2015年4月收治的晚期大肠癌患者80例,将其随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组40例;对照组患者均给予口服卡培他滨治疗,治疗组患者在对照组基础上加用草酸铂治疗,比较两组患者治疗后的总有效率及不良反应的发生率。结果:治疗组患者临床治疗后的总有效率为62.50%,明显高于对照组为30.00%(P<0.05);治疗组进展率为10.00%,明显低于对照组为22.50%(P<0.05);治疗组患者用药后恶心呕吐、神经毒性、腹泻、血小板计数下降、胆红素增高等不良反应的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:采用卡培他滨与草酸铂联用治疗晚期大肠癌患者的疗效优于单用卡培他滨的临床疗效,且不良反应的发生率较低。     

Role of the liver in the disposition of intravenous nitroglycerin in the rat

Previous studies have indicated that the liver is the main site of nitroglycerin (NTG) elimination when the drug is systematically infused. To examine this hypothesis, we measured the apparent systemic clearance (Cls) of nitroglycerin in anesthesized rats receiving a constant intravenous infusion at a dose of 100 micrograms per kg per min. Animals were divided into shunt and sham groups; the former had undergone a portal vein ligation 10 days prior to the study, while the latter was subjected to a sham operation. On the study day, half of the animals of each group also received probenecid at 200 mg/kg, i.v., a drug previously reported to inhibit organic nitrate ester reductase (ONER) activity in rat liver. Arterial NTG samples were obtained at 41, 43 and 45 min of infusion in all four experimental groups; Cls was 439 +/- 32 ml per kg per min (mean +/- S.E.) in sham, 460 +/- 44 in sham and probenecid, 477 +/- 39 in shunt, and 461 +/- 34 in shunt and probenecid animals. During NTG infusion, hepatic blood flow (measured with a constant infusion of indocyanine green) was decreased markedly in shunted rats as was liver/body weight, indicating hepatic atrophy. The specific activity of hepatic ONER was similar in all four groups. In spite of marked differences in hepatic blood flow and hepatic mass, the Cls was similar in all four groups. The liver does not appear to be a major site for the elimination of systemic nitroglycerin as hitherto assumed.     

半导体激光治疗老年人压疮疗效观察

目的探讨半导体激光局部照射治疗老年人压疮疗效.方法:收集2012年1月-2015年6月48例压疮患者,分为半导体组和常规组各24例.常规组采用常规治疗,半导体组采用半导体激光加常规治疗,10 d为1个疗程,不超过3个疗程.疗程结束后比较两组疗效.结果:半导体组压疮愈显率为83.33％,创面愈合时间为(12.75±5.51)d,常规组分别为54.17％和(19.63±8.65)d,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组均未见不良反应.结论:半导体激光加常规治疗压疮效果肯定,无明显不良反应,且操作简便.     

Nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly

The effect of nifedipine monotherapy, retard tablets, 20 mg bid, was evaluated in 23 hypertensive patients, mean age, 79 +/- 2 years. Twenty-one patients completed an eight-week study. Blood pressure (BP) decreased to 160/90 mm Hg in 15 patients; in four additional patients diastolic BP dropped by 15% to 28%. In a subset of five patients with isolated systolic hypertension, a significant reduction in systolic BP was noted. Side effects were relatively mild and only two patients discontinued the study. The results suggest that nifedipine monotherapy offers an alternative, logic, therapeutic approach to hypertension in the elderly.     

HACCP在学校集体食堂卫生管理中的应用研究

目的 通过HACCP在学校集体食堂管理中的应用,提高食品卫生水平,保障学生的身体健康。方法 HACCP原则。结果 食品卫生达到较高水平,极大地减少了食物中毒的发生。结论 提示HACCP原则可在学校集体食堂的卫生管理中发挥有效作用。     

The role of the gut flora in the reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat

Sulphinpyrazone underwent both reduction to a sulphide and oxidation to a sulphone after parenteral administration to normal Wistar rats. Oral administration was associated with a bioavailability of about 75% and with a 3-fold greater formation of the sulphide. However, no sulphide was detected in the plasma after oral administration of sulphinpyrazone to germ-free (BD/X) rats or normal rats treated with oral antibiotics. In vitro studies showed that the major site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone was the contents of the hind gut with little activity detected in the liver or other tissues. The sulphide was oxidised in vivo to sulphinpyrazone and small amounts of sulphone, while the latter underwent only slight reduction to sulphinpyrazone, but did not give detectable levels of the sulphide. These data suggest that the gut microflora are the main site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat in vivo.     

Pharmacological analysis of the participation of the catecholaminergic system in the development of the abstinence syndrome in rats

The behavioural activity of rats in "the open field" was studied. It was revealed that rats alcoholized for 8 months do not practically differ in their behavioural indicators from the intact ones. After the discontinuation of alcohol marked disturbances appear in their behaviour, that are arrested by apomorphine (0,1 mg/kg). In intact animals dopamine (50 mkg into the brain ventricles) induces behavioural disorders similar to those in rats during abstinence. Noradrenaline does not induce similar disorders. A conclusion is made on the dopaminergic nature of disorders in the behaviour of rats in the state of alcohol abstinence.     

Problems in the evaluation of hypnosis in the treatment of alcoholism

Although hypnotherapy has been applied to alcoholism for over a century and is accepted by the AMA as a medically valid technique, the effectiveness of hypnosis in treating alcoholics remains controversial. Systematic evaluation has been hampered by the unique role of hypnosis as a cultural artifact, by problems in defining and verifying hypnotic intervention, by individual and situational variation in hypnotizability, and by difficulty in separating hypnosis from the therapies to which it is applied. Clinicians using hypnosis are likely to continue to base their claims for its effectiveness on intuition, especially since no study has demonstrated that hypnotherapy is contraindicated for patients requesting its use.