PCR—谱酶法检测小儿肝炎综合征人疱疹解毒DNA的研究

为探讨婴儿肝炎综合征（ＮＨＳ）与疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）感染的关系。在疱疹病毒高度同源序列ＤＮＡ聚合酶基因中设计一对引物，能对ＨＳＶ－Ｉ、ＨＳＶ－Ⅱ、ＥＢＶ和ＣＭＶ四种疱疹病毒ＤＮＡ进行扩增，继而用凝胶电泳和限制性内切酶ＢａｍＨⅠ或ＳｍａⅠ酶切分析扩增产物进行鉴别，建立了能一次性分型检测上述四种病毒的ＰＣＲ－酶谱法。灵敏度可测到１ｆｇＤＮＡ，且该引物仅对四种疱疹病毒扩增。用建立的ＰＣＲ－酶谱法检测３０例     

2.2.15细胞中HBV DNA前C和C区PCR扩增及其产物测序

应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）及其扩增产物的直接测序技术对２．２．１５细胞中乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）基因前Ｃ和Ｃ区进行测序。结果表明，根据ａｙｗ亚型ＨＢＶ基因设计的引物能够扩增２．２．１５细胞中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ扩增产物位于２２１－２９８碱基对之间，而对ａｄｒ亚型ＨＢＶＤＮＡ无扩增作用，说明ＰＣＲ扩增是特异性的，所测到的１３２个碱基序列与ａｗｙ１亚型ＨＢＶＤＮＡ完全符合，提示２．２．１５细胞中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ属ａ     

PCR法在疱疹病毒性脑炎诊断及疗效观察中的应用

选择疱疹病毒科病毒ＤＮＡ多聚酶基因高保守区中的一对引物，一次ＰＣＲ可同时扩增疱疹病毒科的４种病毒［单纯疱疹病毒Ｉ型（ＨＳＶ１）、单纯疱疹病毒Ｉ型（ＨＳＶ２）、ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ）、及巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）］相应的ＤＮＡ片段。根据扩增产物分子的大小及对扩增产物酶切分析，可将标本中的４种病毒准确分型。用该法检测临床疑为病毒脑炎患者和其他中枢神经系统疾病患者（对照组）的脑脊液（ＣＳＦ），脑炎组ＣＳＦ阳性率３０％（９／３０），对照组ＣＳＦ阳性率６．７％（２／３０）；其中８例为ＨＳＶ１阳性，２例为ＣＭＶ阳性，１例为ＨＳＶ２阳性。２例病毒脑炎患者经用无环鸟苷抗病毒治疗７～１０ｄ后其ＣＳＦ中的ＨＳＶ１ＤＮＡ由阳转阴。由此说明ＰＣＲ法不仅可早期诊断疱疹病毒性脑炎，还可显示抗病毒药物的疗效。     

单纯疱疹病毒I型糖蛋白D核酸疫苗的构建及初步研究

目的构建、制备Ⅰ型单纯疱疹病毒糖蛋白Ｄ重组质粒ＤＮＡ疫苗，初步检测其诱导机体产生体液免疫应答的效果，为研制ＨＳＶ－１新型疫苗奠定基础。方法用ＰＣＲ的方法从ＨＳＶ－１病毒基因组中扩增糖蛋白Ｄ（ｇｌｙｃｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ　Ｄ，ｇＤ）基因，利用基因重组技术构建重组质粒；将重组质粒体外转染真核细胞ＣＯＳ－７，Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ检测表达产物；于ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠后腿胫前肌注射免疫，０、２周各免疫１次，１００μｇ／次。初次免疫后０、２、４、６周眼眶采血，ＥＬＩＳＡ间接法检测抗体。结果重组质粒酶切出相应大小片段，经测序证实为ＨＳＶ－１ｇＤ序列。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ证实能够在体外真核细胞中表达。免疫小鼠后，产生特异性抗体，抗体滴度１∶２０００。结论ＨＳＶ－１ｇＤ重组质粒ＤＮＡ有可能作为ＨＳＶ－１的ＤＮＡ疫苗，用于防治ＨＳＶ－１感染及其相关疾病。关键词单纯疱疹病毒角膜炎ＤＮＡ疫苗糖蛋白Ｄ     

正常人肝细胞中HBV-PHSA受体基因表达的研究

作者根据乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）ａｄｒ型ＰｒｅＳ２基因序列设计合成一对聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）引物，经特异性试验后，用于扩增正常人肝细胞中多聚人白蛋白受体（ＰＨＳＡｒ）基因转录产物。结果：ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ及ＲＮＡ－ＰＣＲ扩增结果均为阳性，而相应骨骼肌总ＲＮＡ扩增结果呈阴性，提示乙型肝炎病毒ＰｒｅＳ２区与ＰＨＳＡｒ基因外显子序列具有一定程度的同源性；同时表明ＰＨＳＡｒ基因在肝组织中处于表达状态，而对ＨＢＶ不敏感的组织如骨骼肌则不表达。该研究结果与其它ＨＢＶ－ＰＨＳＡｒ研究相比，进一步证实了ＰＨＳＡｒ在ＨＢＶ感染肝细胞的作用。     

病毒与人类基因组同源性实探

探讨病毒与人类基因组同源性问题。选用ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ），肠道病毒（ＥＶｓ）、单纯疱疹病毒－１型（ＨＳＶ－１），丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）特异性引的，以６份健康成人外周血ＤＮＡ为模板，分别进行酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）。初步结果表明，有５份ＤＮＡ样品可通过ＥＢＶ、ＨＣＶ特异性引物扩增，ＥＢＶ引物扩增后的片段大小在１５４－２３４ｂｐ之间；ＨＣＶ引物扩增的片段大小约２００ｂｐ和１２０ｂｐ。提示病毒某些基因可能存在     

正常人肝细胞中HBV—PHSA受体基因表达的研究

作者根据乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）ａｄｒ型ＰｒｄＳ２基因序列设计合成一对聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）引物，经特异性试验后，用于扩增正常人肝细胞中多聚人白蛋白受体（ＰＨＳＡｒ）基因转录产物。结果：ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ及ＲＮＡ－ＰＣＲ扩增结果均为阳性，而相应骨骼肌总ＲＮＡ扩增结果呈阴性，提示乙型肝炎病毒ＰｒｅＳ２区与ＰＨＳＡｒ基因外显子序列具有一定程度的同源性；同时表明ＰＨＳＡｒ基因在肝组织中处于表达状态，而对ＨＢＶ不     

乙肝病毒PCR产物的鉴定及单项抗HBc阳性血清的HBV基因扩增

本文报道ＨＢＶ基因扩增产物的限制性酶切分析和寡核苷酸探针杂交鉴定、应用血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的ＰＣＲ扩增产物制备基因探针和单项抗ＨＢｃ阳性血清的ＨＢＶ基因扩增。ＰＣＲ用ａｄｒ、ａｄｗ、ａｙｗ３种亚型ＨＢＶ的Ｃ基因区共有序列为内外两对引物分单次或套式扩增，产物为６６ａｂｐ或４２８ｂｐ，两者序列中段共含－ＢｇＩⅡ酶切点并与一寡核苷酸探针同源。４２８ｂｐ产物被用以缺口平移标记３２Ｐ探针作斑点和转印杂交检测。结合分子杂交的ＰＣＲ结果从单项抗ＨＢｃ阳性的８／４２例慢性肝炎和２／１２例无症状受测者血清中检出ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，证实病毒低度复制和传染性。     

乙型肝炎病毒前S1／S2功能区变化与临床转归的可能联系

目的 研究乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）前Ｓ１／Ｓ２基因变异规律及其与ＨＢＶ感染临床转归的关系。方法 选择急性自限性乙型肝炎患者,慢性ＨＢＶ携带者及慢性重型乙型肝炎患者各３例,用半巢式ＰＣＲ法从此９例ＨＢＶ感染者血清中扩增出前Ｓ１／Ｓ２片段,并用标准分子生物学方法对ＰＣＲ产物进行克隆和序列分析．每个感染者随机选择１０个克隆,总共测定了９０个克隆。通过核苷酸、氨基酸序列同源性比较分析前Ｓ１／Ｓ２区内肝细胞结     

病毒与人类基因组同源性初探

探讨病毒与人类基因组同源性问题。选用ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ），肠道病毒（ＥＶｓ）、单纯疱疹病毒－１型（ＨＳＶ－１），丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）特异性引物，以６份健康成人外周血ＤＮＡ为模板，分别进行聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）。初步结果表明：有５份ＤＮＡ样品可通过ＥＢＶ、ＨＣＶ特异性引物扩增。ＥＢＶ引物扩增后的片段大小在１５４～２３４ｂｐ之间；ＨＣＶ引物扩增后的片段大小约２００ｂｐ和１２０ｂｐ。提示病毒某些基因可能存在人类基因组中或两者具有很高的同源性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.