药物涂层球囊在冠状动脉分叉病变边支介入治疗中的临床应用

目的探讨药物涂层球囊应用于冠状动脉分叉病变边支血管保护的可行性分析。方法选择2015年3月~2016年3月在解放军总医院经冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉分叉病变患者20例,Medina分型1,1,1;1,0,1;0,1,1,分别为11、5、4例。行PCI,于主支血管置入药物洗脱支架,边支血管用药物涂层球囊主动保护技术处理,术后即刻冠状动脉造影检查。术后6个月临床随访,统计患者主要心脑血管不良事件。结果20例患者PCI成功率为100%。20例患者主支置入药物洗脱支架,边支血管用药物涂层球囊主动保护技术处理,主支血管最小管腔直径由术前(1.49±0.46)mm增加至术后(3.20±0.53)mm(P=0.001),分支血管由术前(1.36±0.66)mm增加至术后(1.78±0.61)mm(P=0.048)。术后6个月患者无主要心脑血管不良事件发生。结论药物涂层球囊主动保护技术应用于冠状动脉分叉病变边支血管保护安全、有效。     

应用切割球囊联合单支架置入治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的临床观察

目的:评价应用切割球囊联合主支血管单支架置入术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的安全性及有效性。方法:入选自2012-01至2014-01我院心内科113例住院患者,共121处冠状动脉分叉病变,应用切割球囊对主支血管和分支血管分别进行预扩张处理后,再对主支血管进行药物洗脱支架置入术,观察手术成功率、分支血管血流情况及并发症发生率,9个月后随访主要心血管不良事件(MACE)情况。结果:应用冠状动脉造影定量分析软件测量支架置入前、后主支血管最小管径分别为(2.12±1.07)mm和(3.24±0.87)mm,分支血管最小管径分别为(1.44±0.73)mm和(1.82±0.64)mm,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05~0.01)。手术成功率为100%。入选患者中11处(9.1%)分叉病变发生分支血管近端夹层,5处(4.1%)分叉病变出现分支血管心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验(TIMI)血流2级,其中1处(0.8%)分叉病变发生分支血管闭塞。平均随访时间(8.3±3.1)个月,其中1例(0.8%)靶病变再次血运重建治疗,无心原性死亡及心肌梗死事件发生。结论:应用切割球囊联合主支血管单支架置入对治疗分支血管存在明确病变的冠状动脉分叉病变是安全有效的。     

分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术在分叉病变中的应用探讨

目的探讨分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术在冠状动脉分叉病变单支架置入术中的有效性与安全性。方法顺序入选2015年1月至2016年5月于北京大学人民医院行分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术的患者32例,共涉及分叉病变32处,均为Medina分型分支开口病变,其中Medina 1,1,1有25例(78.1%)、Medina 0,1,1有5例(15.6%)、Medina 1,0,1有2例(6.2%);分支血管直径≥2.5 mm,采用的切割球囊与分支血管直径比为1∶1。观察患者采取该方法治疗后,主支置入支架过程中分支保护的造影成功率、围术期并发症及主要不良心血管事件发生情况。结果术前血管造影检查示:主支血管直径为(2.9±0.3)mm,狭窄程度为(82.5±8.0)%,病变长度为(19.8±12.8)mm;分支血管直径为(2.5±0.1)mm,开口狭窄程度为(84.5±7.8)%,开口病变长度(4.6±1.1)mm。32例分叉病变患者介入手术造影成功率为100%,未见心肌梗死、分支导丝或球囊断裂、分支夹层和分支丢失等围术期并发症发生,住院期间未见主要不良心血管事件发生。结论在冠状动脉分叉病变单支架策略中,应用分支切割球囊预扩张联合分支球囊保护技术可有效保护分支血管,且操作相对安全。     

应用切割球囊与普通球囊治疗分叉病变的安全有效性分析

目的:对比简单策略治疗分叉病变过程中,应用切割球囊或普通球囊预扩张及血管成形术的有效性及安全性,为分叉病变治疗策略提供依据。方法:入选2009年至2013年期间,我院心内科218例冠心病患者233个分叉病变,分叉病变分型均为Duke D或Duke F型,边支血管直径>2.0mm,有明显血流动力学意义,主支病变经切割球囊预处理(CB组)或普通球囊预扩张(PB组)后置入支架,分支病变仅行切割球囊(CB组)或普通球囊预扩张(PB组),观察手术成功率、边支受累情况、并发症及随访主要心血管不良事件(MACEs)情况。结果:218例患者233个分叉病变位于前降支/第一对角支占73.4%(171例),回旋支/钝缘支占12.0%(28例),右冠状动脉/后降支或左心室后支占14.6%(50例)。CB组患者122例,PB组患者96例,两组患者临床基线资料与分叉病变特点比较,差异无统计学意义。CB组与PB组主支血管PCI成功率相似(98.1%vs.100%,P>0.05),但CB组患者分支血管PTCA成功率较高(92.1%vs.78.3%,P<0.05)。CB组患者围手术期心肌梗死发生情况亦少于PB组患者(4.1%vs.12.5%,P<0.05)。术后随访12个月结果表明,MACEs发生比率CB组少于PB组患者(5.31%vs.14.0%,P<0.05)。结论:简单策略治疗分叉病变过程中,应用切割球囊行预扩张及血管成形术对比普通球囊安全、有效,其成功率高,并发症较少,是临床实践中治疗冠状动脉分叉病变安全、有效、可行的方法。     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的临床疗效评价

目的:评价雷帕霉素洗脱支架(CYPHERTM支架)治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的近、远期疗效。方法:76例冠状动脉分叉病变且有临床缺血症状的患者接受了主支CYPHERTM支架及分支血管球囊扩张术,术后对患者进行临床随访及冠状动脉造影复查,回顾性分析其结果。结果:76例中有35例行吻合球囊扩张术,主支无残余狭窄或残余狭窄<10%,分支残余狭窄<50%,住院期间无严重并发症如支架内血栓形成、急性心肌梗死、紧急外科冠状动脉搭桥术或死亡等。患者平均随访时间(8.3±1.9)个月,有1例患者心绞痛复发,无心肌梗死或死亡。冠状动脉造影的随访率81.6%,主支平均晚期管腔丢失(0.08±0.02)mm,分支血管晚期管腔丢失(0.20±0.05)mm。靶血管血运重建率5.26%。结论:应用主支CYPHERTM支架和分支血管球囊扩张的方法治疗分叉病变安全、可行,并可有效防止主支血管再狭窄。     

冠心病分叉病变不同处理方法疗效研究

目的 探讨应用药物支架治疗冠心病分叉病变时对开口狭窄的分支血管不同处理方法的疗效.方法 入选66例主支血管药物支架置入术后引起直径≥2.0mm且＜2.5mm分支血管开口狭窄大于50%的、于术后6～12个月间接受冠状动脉造影随访的患者,根据分支血管采取的不同治疗方法分成2组,即主支置入支架、分支血管单纯球囊扩张组(球囊扩张组)和主支置入支架、分支未处理组(未处理组).观察分支血管开口狭窄程度变化及主要不良心血管事件发生情况.结果 于术后6～12个月接受冠状动脉造影复查随访时,虽然分支开口狭窄程度在球囊扩张组优于未处理组,但两组间主支血管再狭窄率和主要不良心血管事件发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对支架置入后开口狭窄的分支血管采取单纯球囊扩张治疗并没有改善远期临床预后.     

拘禁闭陷球囊技术在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中的应用效果研究

目的探讨拘禁闭陷球囊技术(JBT)在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中的应用效果。方法选取2014年8月—2015年12月湖南省马王堆医院收治的冠状动脉分叉病变患者70例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。两组患者术中均行主支血管单支架植入术,对照组患者行分支血管球囊对吻术,而观察组患者行分支血管JBT。比较两组患者术后分支血管心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、并发症发生情况、手术相关指标及术后6个月随访情况。结果两组患者术后分支血管TIMI血流分级及血流动力学改变引起的临床症状、血清肌钙蛋白/心肌酶水平升高、分支血管闭塞或夹层发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者手术时间、X线暴露时间短于对照组,造影剂用量小于对照组,药物洗脱支架(DES)置入数量、手术费用少于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者不良心血管事件发生率、再入院率低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者主支血管最大狭窄程度、再狭窄发生率、分支血管开口狭窄程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 JBT在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中的应用效果较好,且其操作简便,有利于缩短患者手术时间,降低不良心血管事件发生率。     

经桡动脉途径行改良球囊挤压支架术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变

目的 分析经桡动脉途径应用改良球囊挤压支架术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的可行性及成功率。方法 经桡动脉途径造影证实血管病变处有直径>2.5 mm分支,分支起始部有>70%狭窄的患者17例,应用改良球囊挤压支架术治疗分叉病变,观察病变血管狭窄程度、斑块移位及球囊对吻扩张成功率和随访效果。结果 分叉病变中均成功植入雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架,15例患者行同步对吻球囊技术进行后扩张, 术后前向血流均为TIMI Ⅲ级,所有患者未发生边支急性闭塞、支架内血栓、心源性休克、死亡等并发症。结论 冠心病分叉病变介入治疗中,经桡动脉途径通过6F或7F指引管完成改良球囊挤压支架术可获得满意结果,支架间隙小或无,再狭窄率低。     

分叉病变不同处理方法的疗效观察

目的观察比较应用药物支架治疗分叉病变时对开口狭窄的分支血管的不同处理方法(即支架治疗、单纯球囊扩张和不处理分支)的疗效。方法入选93例主支血管药物支架置入术后引起直径≥2.0mm分支血管开口狭窄大于50%的、于术后6~12个月间接受冠状动脉造影随访的患者,根据分支血管采取的不同治疗方法分成3组,即主支和分支血管均置入支架组(简称支架组)、主支置入支架、分支血管单纯球囊扩张组(简称球囊扩张组)和主支置入支架、分支未处理组(简称未处理组)。观察分支血管开口狭窄程度变化及主要不良心血管事件发生情况。结果于术后6~12个月接受冠状动脉造影复查随访时,虽然分支开口狭窄程度在支架组和球囊扩张组仍优于未处理组(三组分别为40.21%,40.76%和80.23%;P<0.001),但三组间主支血管再狭窄率和主要不良心血管事件发生率差异无统计学意义(三组主支血管再狭窄率分别为33.33%,25.00%和12.50%;P=0.085;主要不良心血管事件发生率分别为38.10%,29.17%和25.00%;P=0.523)。结论对支架置入后开口狭窄的分支血管采取积极的处理方法(如支架置入、单纯球囊扩张)同未处理组相比,并没有改善远期临床预后。     

Crush及Culotte术式治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的主要不良心脏事件风险比较

目的研究Culotte techniques(DK-Mini-Culotte)双支架术及Crush techniques(DKMini-Crush)双支架术式治疗冠状动脉分叉病变主要不良心脏事件发生情况。方法纳入2015年7月至2019年1月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院收治的221例冠状动脉分叉病变患者,按照手术方式分两组,其中观察组行DK-Mini-Crush术(154例),对照组接受DK-Mini-Culotte术(67例)。比较两组造影特征及经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)情况(包括主支病变长度、分支病变长度、主支支架长度、分支支架长度、平均支架植入数、手术时间、造影剂总量、住院天数及病变分布特点、手术成功率、最终对吻球囊扩张成功率、主支即刻造影成功率、分支即刻造影成功率),分析两组术后主要不良临床事件发生情况。结果两组主支病变长度、分支病变长度、主支支架长度、分支支架长度、平均支架植入数、手术时间、造影剂总量、住院天数及病变分布情况、手术成功率、最终对吻球囊扩张成功率、主支即刻造影成功率、分支即刻造影成功率比较差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。观察组术后支架内再狭窄率为1.30%,显著低于对照组的7.46%(χ2=3.948,P <0.05),出血、再发心绞痛、心源性死亡、病变血运重建所占比例较对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 DK-Mini-Crush术与DK-Mini-Culotte术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变最终对吻球囊扩张成功率均较高,均具有良好的临床及造影结果,但后者支架内再狭窄率相对较高,临床应引起足够重视。     

国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架[DE(SFirebirdTM)]在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中应用的安全性和有效性。方法对47例冠心病患者的53处冠状动脉分叉病变行介入治疗,共置入FirebirdTM68枚。结果46例介入治疗成功,失败1例。分叉病变部位:左主干远端前降支和回旋支分叉病变2处,前降支和对角支分叉病变23处,回旋支和钝缘支分叉病变17处,左心室后侧支和后降支11处。术中发生边支血管闭塞4例,边支血管狭窄加重6例,边支血管发生慢血流3例。住院期间发生急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死3例,ST段抬高型心肌梗死1例,心绞痛5例,1例于术后2天死于心源性休克。随访6个月,7例复发心绞痛而再次住院治疗,无其余主要不良心脏事件发生。结论DE(SFirebirdTM)在冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗中应用是可行、安全有效的。     

Acute and long-term outcomes of the novel side access (SLK-View) stent for bifurcation coronary lesions: a multicenter nonrandomized feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate technical feasibility and procedural safety of SLK-View stent for treating bifurcation lesions. BACKGROUND: Percutaneous treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions represents a technical challenge. Several stenting techniques and dedicated devices have proven unsuccessful, with high rates of side branch occlusion at index procedure and follow-up. METHODS: Eighty one patients with 84 de novo coronary artery lesions involving a major side branch underwent SLK-View (Advanced Stent Technologies, Inc., Pleasanton, CA) stent implantation with subsequent kissing balloon post dilatation. SLK-View stent is a new scaffolding device incorporating a side aperture that allows access to the side-branch of a bifurcation after deployment of the stent in main vessel. All patients underwent angiographic follow-up at 6 months. Procedural, in-hospital, and 6-month follow-up outcomes were examined. RESULTS: The lesions were located in left main (n = 11), left anterior descending (n = 50), left circumflex (n = 8), right coronary artery (n = 7), and 1 ramus intermedius. The most frequent lesions (44.1%) were true bifurcations. Successful stent delivery to bifurcation was accomplished in 82/84 of the cases (97.6%). Technical success was obtained in 99 and 94% of main vessel and side branches, respectively. Stenting in side-branch was performed in 21 lesions (25%). Side-branches were accessed effectively in 100% of bifurcations postprocedurally. Binary restenosis rate at 6-month follow-up was 28.3% and 37.7% for main vessel and side-branch, respectively. TLR rate at 6-month follow-up was 21% and CABG rate of 6%. CONCLUSION: In this consecutive multicenter series of patients with coronary bifurcation lesions, this novel side-branch access stent proved feasible, with a high procedural success rate, while maintaining side-branch access.     

SafeCut球囊处理分叉病变分支血管的疗效和安全性观察

目的评价SafeCut球囊成形术治疗冠脉分叉处分支血管中病变的安全性及疗效方法。方法42例冠心病患者46个分叉病变主支病变置入支架,分支病变单行SafeCut,球囊扩张而不置入支架,观察其手术过程,手术成功率,并发症和近期随访结果。结果42例患者46个分叉病变中位于前降支/第一对角支占62%,回旋支/钝圆支占29%,右冠脉/后降支或后侧支占10%。对分支血管行SafeCut球囊扩张后有2例因内膜严重撕裂而置入支架,其余病变残余狭窄为10%～50%,成功率达100%,无急性心肌梗死等严重并发症。术后临床随访6～20个月,无死亡及心肌梗死等心脏事件发生。结论SafeCut球囊成形术治疗冠脉分叉处分支血管病变安全,有效,其成功率高,并发症少,近期疗效满意。     

Simple and complex stent strategies for bifurcated coronary arterial stenosis involving the side branch origin

Coronary lesions located in major bifurcations constitute a challenge for the use of stents. Although the occlusion of a side branch covered by a stent is infrequent, the maintenance of a patent, stenosis-free bifurcation may result in a complex procedure. Between September 1994 and April 1998, 70 patients were treated by stent implantation for coronary bifurcation stenosis. The side branch always had a diameter >2 mm. The pairs of treated arteries were: left anterior descending (LAD)/diagonal artery in 32 patients, circumflex/obtuse marginal in 26, right coronary/posterior descending artery in 5, and LAD/circumflex in 7. We applied 2 different techniques of stent implantation: (1) deployment of 1 stent in the parent vessel covering the takeoff of the side branch and subsequent angioplasty of the side branch across the metallic structure (group A, n = 47 patients), and (2) implantation of 1 stent at the ostium of the side branch and complete reconstruction of the entire bifurcation with additional implantation of 1 or 2 stents at the parent vessel (group B, n = 23 patients). There were no significant differences between groups at baseline variables. Procedural success was similar in both groups: 42 (89%) in group A versus 21 (91%) in group B. However, major cardiac events at 18 months follow-up were higher in group B (event-free probability 44% vs 75%, p <0.05). Selected patients with coronary stenosis at major bifurcations can be treated with an acceptable rate of primary and late success. Complex techniques providing radical stent reconstruction of the bifurcation seems to provide no advantages over the simpler stent jail followed by ostial side branch balloon dilation.     

冠状动脉分叉病变单支架术及双支架术临床疗效对比

目的探讨分叉病变单支架术和双支架术的临床疗效。方法分析冠状动脉分叉病变102例的临床资料,其中52例行单支架术（单支架植入组）、50例行双支架术（双支架植入组）。单支架植入组仅主支植人支架,边支不植入支架;双支架植入组运用mini-crushing技术行双支架植入术。观察两组分叉病变的手术即刻及术后6个月临床疗效及主要心血管事件的发生情况。结果术后即刻冠状动脉造影结果显示两组主支血管心肌梗死溶栓试验（thrombolysisinmyocardialinfarction．TIMI）血流3级、分支血管TIMI血流3级、主支血管残余狭窄〉30％、分支血管残余狭窄〉50％四个指标比较,均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。随访6个月后对两组进行冠状动脉造影后发现,分支血管残余狭窄〉50％在单支架植入组发生率高于双支架植入组,差异有统计学意义[25．0％（13／52）vs．12．0％（6／50）,P〈0．05];其余几项两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。住院期间单支架植入组1例（1．92％）发生主要心血管事件,双支架植入组2例（4．00％）发生主要心血管事件。6个月后．单支架植入组8例（15．38％）发生主要心血管事件,双支架植入组7例（14．00％）发生主要心血管事件。结论单支架术与双支架术治疗分叉病变短期观察临床疗效基本无差异,其长期疗效还需进一步研究。     

A new dedicated stent and delivery system for the treatment of bifurcation lesions: preliminary experience.

We report the first clinical experience in eight patients with a new stent and delivery system specifically designed for the treatment of bifurcational lesions. The device (AST SLK-View system) consists of a premounted stent and a delivery system. The stent has a side aperture, which orients toward the ostium of the side branch. The system allows deployment of the stent while the access to both main and side branches is maintained by two wires. We evaluated this system in nine bifurcations. The location of bifurcations was left descending artery/diagonal branch in four lesions, left circumflex/obtuse marginal branch in three lesions, and postero-lateral branch/posterior descending artery in two lesions. Predilation was performed in six lesions of the main branches and in five lesions of the side branches. The stent was effectively delivered to all bifurcations except for one, in which the target lesion was located at a distal segment and the device could not be delivered. Following stent implantation in the main branch, two lesions at the side branches were treated by stent, while the other lesions were treated by balloon angioplasty without difficulty. Final kissing balloon was performed in four bifurcation lesions. No adverse event was observed during 1 month of clinical follow-up. Treatment of bifurcation lesions with this new dedicated device appears to be feasible. This new device may introduce a new approach for the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions.     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of distal lesions: comparison of results with proximal lesions.

The results of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of 57 distal lesions were compared with 55 proximal lesions in 42 patients, aged 31 to 66 years (mean +/- SD: 51 +/- 9 yrs). Twenty nine (69%) had multivessel and 13 (31%) single vessel disease. The lesions classified as distal were located in left anterior descending (LAD) artery beyond the origin of second diagonal (D2), left circumflex (LCx) after the main obtuse marginal (OM) and right coronary artery (RCA) after the origin of acute marginal branch. Also included in this category were lesions in the second diagonal and obtuse marginal branches, two centimeters from their origin and stenosis in the posterior descending and posterolateral left ventricular branches of RCA. Out of 57 distal lesions 18 were 'complex' because of tandem location (5 patients), ulceration (6 lesions) and intraluminal thrombi (2 lesions). There was no significant difference in the mean luminal diameter stenosis between distal and proximal lesions, before and after PTCA. The primary success rate of angioplasty was 89.5% for the distal and 94.5% for the proximal lesions (P = NS). Inability to position the balloon across the lesion accounted for more failures in distal (3) compared to proximal (1) location. There were no major complications. Our results show that PTCA of distal lesions can be performed with a high rate of success, which is comparable to those with classical proximal lesions in the same patients.     

Treatment of true bifurcation stenosis by elective stent implantation in parent vessel and non-stent dilatation of side branch: immediate and follow-up results

Data of 67 consecutive patients who underwent stent implantation in the parent vessel and non-stent dilatation of the side branch of a true bifurcation stenosis was retrospectively analysed. The mean age was 53.2 +/- 9.7 years, with majority (89.6%) being males. Forty-seven (70.1%) lesions involved the bifurcation of left anterior descending artery and its major diagonal branch. The parent vessel was treated using balloon angioplasty in 50 (74.6%), rotational atherectomy in 15 (22.4%) and directional coronary atherectomy in 2 (3.0%) patients. All the patients subsequently received an intracoronary stent in the parent vessel. Depending upon the treatment strategy for the side branch, the patients were divided into two groups: (1) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty group, which included 37 patients in whom the side branch was dilated by plain balloon angioplasty, and (2) Debulking group, in which 30 patients underwent debulking of the side branch using rotablation or directional coronary atherectomy. Overall, the procedure was successful in 64 (95.6%) patients. One (1.5%) patient developed non-Q wave myocardial infarction during the hospital stay. There were no Q-wave myocardial infarction, need for emergency coronary artery bypass surgery or death. Clinical follow-up of at least six months was available in all patients with a mean duration of 9.5 +/- 3.2 months. Recurrence of symptoms developed in 19 (28.4%) patients. Fourteen (20.9%) patients required target vessel revascularisation, of which 11 (29.7%) belonged to the percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty group and 3 (10.0%) to the debulking group, the difference being statistically significant (p = 0.045). The freedom from target vessel revascularisation was 93.1 and 89.4 percent at 6 and 12 months in the debulking group, compared to 78.4 and 68.9 percent at the same time in the percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty group. This study thus demonstrates that percutaneous intervention for true bifurcation stenosis with stent implantation in the parent vessel and non-stent dilatation in the side branch provides favourable immediate and follow-up results. Debulking in comparison to plain balloon angioplasty of the side branch results in further improvement in clinical outcome and need for target vessel revascularisation on follow-up.     

应用切割球囊结合支架术治疗冠状动脉分叉处病变89例

目的 :评价经皮冠状动脉腔内切割球囊成形术 （PTCBA）结合支架术治疗冠脉分叉处病变的安全性及疗效。方法 :对 89例冠心病患者主支病变应用 PTCBA预扩张后置入支架、分支病变单行 PTCBA而不置入支架 ,观察其冠脉病变特点、手术过程相关因素、手术成功率、并发症和近、中期随访结果。结果 :89例患者中分叉处病变位于前降支 /对角支占 71% ,回旋支 /钝圆支占 2 5 % ,右冠脉 /后降支或后侧支占 4%。对分支血管行 PTCBA后 1例因残余狭窄 >5 0 %而植入支架 ,1例因并发轻度钙化且分支成角较大切割球囊未通过 ,改用常规 PTCA球囊扩张成功。病变 PTCBA成功率达 97.8% ;无院内死亡、急性心肌梗死 （AMI）、急性心包填塞及急诊冠脉搭桥术等严重并发症。对手术成功的 87例术后临床随访 3～ 2 6个月 ,无死亡及 AMI等心脏事件发生。临床心绞痛复发率 17.2 %。复查冠脉造影 （CAG）率 5 6.3 % ,示 49处分叉病变主支支架内再狭窄率 14.3 % ,分支血管再狭窄率 18.4%。结论 :PTCBA结合支架术治疗冠脉分叉处病变是一种安全、有效的介入治疗技术 ,其成功率高、并发症少 ,近、中期疗效满意     

颈动脉内-中膜厚度检测在老年冠心病患者冠状动脉病变中的预测价值

目的 采用彩色多普勒超声检测老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）患者颈动脉内-中膜厚度（intima-media thickness,IMT）,探讨其在老年患者冠状动脉病变中的预测价值.方法 选择拟诊为冠心病的老年患者121例,按冠状动脉造影结果分组.按冠状动脉狭窄程度分组：阴性对照组（冠状动脉狭窄＜50％）;50％≤冠状动脉狭窄＜70％组;冠状动脉狭窄≥70％组.按累及冠状动脉病变支数分组：阴性对照组（冠状动脉狭窄＜50％）;单支病变组（仅1支冠状动脉狭窄≥50％）;2支病变组（2支冠状动脉狭窄≥50％）;多支病变组（3支及以上的冠状动脉狭窄≥50％）.彩色多普勒超声仪测量颈动脉IMT,对不同冠状动脉病变组的颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率进行比较分析.结果 阴性对照组、50％≤冠状动脉狭窄＜70％组和冠状动脉狭窄≥70％组IMT分别为（0.80±0.22） mm、（0.98±0.17）mm和（1.01±0.25）mm;颈动脉斑块检出率分别为35.0％、94.8％和83.7％.不同冠状动脉狭窄程度组的颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率均显著高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;但不同冠状动脉狭窄程度组各组之间颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.阴性对照组、单支病变组、二支病变组和三支病变组颈动脉IMT分别为（0.80±0.22）mm、（0.96±0.15）mm、（0.98±0.17）mm和（1.00±0.15）mm;颈动脉斑块检出率分别为35.0％、84.0％、86.7％和83.9％.不同冠状动脉病变支数组的颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率均显著高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;但不同冠状动脉病变支数各组之间颈动脉IMT、斑块发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 彩色多普勒超声测量颈动脉IMT对冠心病有着重要的预测作用,可望为老年冠心病高危人群筛选提供新的临床手段.