Nd:YAG激光光纤治疗儿童淋巴管畸形18例

目的探讨采用Nd:YAG激光光纤治疗儿童躯干及四肢部位淋巴管畸形的疗效。方法选择南京医科大学附属儿童医院2018年1月至2019年1月收住入院的18例体表淋巴管畸形患者作为研究对象,术前均行MRI及B超检查,采用光纤插入法进行激光内照射治疗。每3个月治疗一次,重复治疗3次,术后早期持续穿戴弹力裤或绷带。18例均接受3次光纤治疗,疗程结束后进行评估,疗效欠佳者可选择其他方法治疗,随访1～2年。结果 18例中3例淋巴管畸形改善不明显,选择手术治疗。其余15例经激光内照射治疗后,淋巴管畸形明显缩小甚至消失,无一例畸形范围继续增大,有效率为83.3%。6例瘤体未完全消失者每6个月到1年病灶内注射聚桂醇1次,其中4例注射2次,1例注射3次,1例注射4次。10例病灶位于肢体或腋下的患儿中,其中7例病灶位于肢体的患者肢体周径较治疗前缩小平均3.7 cm, 3例病灶位于腋下的患者胸围径较治疗前缩小平均4.03 cm。治疗前患肢与健侧平均差值为4.7 cm;经治疗后,平均差值缩减为2.23 cm。治疗前位于腋下的患侧与健侧平均差值为5.2 cm;经治疗后,平均差值缩减为1.17 cm。18例治疗过程中均无明显不良反应。结论 Nd:YAG激光光纤治疗儿童躯干及四肢部位淋巴管畸形安全可行,有较大的临床应用价值。     

超声引导下聚多卡醇注射治疗儿童四肢静脉畸形的疗效分析

目的探讨超声引导下聚多卡醇注射治疗儿童四肢静脉畸形的治疗效果及并发症。方法回顾性收集2013年1月至2018年5月于电子科技大学附属四川省人民医院儿童医学中心收治的53例仅行超声引导下聚多卡醇注射治疗的四肢静脉畸形患儿作为研究对象,比较不同病灶部位和形态的治疗效果,观察记录病变体积变化、症状改善及并发症等情况。结果 53例患儿接受治疗时平均年龄为(3. 8±3. 1)岁。静脉畸形病灶位于上肢31例,下肢22例;局灶性41例,散发性12例。共进行了96人次注射治疗,每个患儿平均接受(1. 8±0. 9)次注射治疗。治疗完成后,10例疗效为优,29例为良,11例为中,3例为差。从不同病灶部位来看,31例上肢组患儿经治疗后有22例(70. 97%)治疗效果为优良,22例下肢组患儿治疗后有17例(77. 27%)治疗效果为优良,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0. 263,P=0. 608);从病灶形态来看,41例局灶组中治疗效果为优良的34例(82. 93%),12例散发组中治疗效果为优良的5例(41. 67%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6. 146,P=0. 013)。治疗期间及术后出现心率下降3人次;血压降低2人次,局部疼痛31人次,红肿87人次,发热30人次,暂时性感觉麻木5人次。所有患儿平均随访时间为(9. 4±6. 5)个月,未见复发病例。结论超声引导下经皮穿刺聚多卡醇注射治疗对于儿童四肢的表浅及中小型静脉畸形,是一种疗效较好、简便易行、经济安全、微创无辐射且并发症少的方法。     

彩色超声引导联合聚桂醇灌注治疗小儿单纯性肾囊肿

目的 探讨彩色超声引导联合聚桂醇灌注治疗小儿单纯性肾囊肿临床疗效,寻找小儿单纯性肾囊肿有效的治疗方法及合适的应用药物.方法 回顾2011年5月至2014年10月我院经彩色超声、CTU明确诊断为单纯性肾囊肿患儿51例,其中28例为聚桂醇治疗组,采用彩色超声引导下经皮穿刺并注入聚桂醇,无水乙醇灌洗法23例设为对照组,对比两组不良反应发生情况及治疗后1年两组疗效情况.结果 51例患儿均穿刺注药成功,治疗后3个月、6个月、1年均获彩色超声随访,聚桂醇治疗组治愈率为85.7％,有效率为92.9％,均高于无水乙醇组的60.9％和65.2％,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);聚桂醇治疗组患儿异常哭闹及面红例数均明显较对照组少,差异有统计学意义;聚桂醇治疗组无一例肉眼血尿发生,对照组有6例治疗后出现肉眼血尿,辅助应用止血药物后,均在3d之内消失,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);聚桂醇治疗组患儿仅1例出现穿刺后发热,对照组治疗后9例出现发热,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组患儿穿刺点渗血及呕吐例数均较对照组少,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).聚桂醇治疗组二次穿刺例数及手术例数均较无水乙醇组少.结论 彩色超声引导联合聚桂醇灌注治疗小儿单纯性肾囊肿疗效确切、副作用小,应作为小儿单纯性肾囊肿首选治疗方案.     

聚桂醇瘤腔内注射治疗小儿囊性淋巴管瘤

目的 探索聚桂醇瘤腔内注射治疗小儿囊性淋巴管瘤的方法和经验.方法 回顾性分析2010年9月至2014年8月采用聚桂醇瘤腔内注射治疗小儿囊性淋巴管瘤39例的临床资料.39例术前均经彩色超声、CT或MRI检查确诊,治疗时在彩色超声引导下经皮穿刺抽尽囊液后注入药物,对多囊性患儿由深到浅依次抽液后分别注入药物.根据瘤腔位置和大小不同,对眼眶周、口腔、颌下及瘤体容积超过100 ml的18例采用聚桂醇泡沫进行注射,其余21例采用聚桂醇原液进行注射.观察瘤体大小变化、治疗次数和并发症.疗效以瘤体消失,1年后无复发为显效;瘤体缩小50％以上,1年后无增大为有效;瘤体缩小50％以下或治疗后1年内复发为无效.结果 39例治疗1～5次,平均(2.85±0.87)次.显效36例(92.3％),有效2例(5.1％),无效1例(2.6％),总有效率为97.4％(38/39).其中,采用聚桂醇泡沫治疗的次数为(2.72±0.75)次,采用聚桂醇原液治疗的次数为(2.95±0.97)次,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.26,P＞0.05).有3例第一次注射治疗后当天轻度发热,经物理降温后缓解;5例治疗后局部肿胀,轻微疼痛,观察1～3 d后消失.其余未发现明显并发症.结论 聚桂醇瘤腔内注射治疗小儿囊性淋巴管瘤是一种微创、安全、有效的方法.     

以右下肢皮疹及便血为表现的儿童Klippel-Trenaunay综合征一例

Klippel-Trenaunay综合征是一种先天性周围血管疾病,病因及发病机制与尚不明确,表现主要以葡萄酒色斑痣、毛细血管畸形或者静脉畸形及肢体肥大三联征为主要表现[1],但并发消化道出血的比较罕见。现将我院收治的1例右下肢皮疹、便血为表现的儿童Klippel-Trenaunay综合征进行报告。     

超声定位A型肉毒毒素治疗脑性瘫痪患儿下肢肌肉痉挛的疗效

目的 观察超声定位A型肉毒毒素(BTX-A)注射治疗脑性瘫痪患儿下肢肌肉痉挛的疗效.方法 选择下肢肌肉痉挛的脑性瘫痪患儿75例,分为超声定位BTX-A注射治疗组37例(注射组)和单纯康复治疗组38例(对照组).其中注射组在超声定位后予BTX-A注射患儿下肢痉挛肌群,注射后次日开始进行康复训练.所有患儿在治疗前及治疗2周、1个月、3个月、6个月分别采用改良Ashworth量表(MAS)和粗大运动功能量表(GMFM)行相关评价.结果 注射组在注射2周、1个月、3个月、6个月肌肉痉挛的改善及GMFM评分均优于注射前(P均＜0.01),且痉挛程度在注射2周、1个月改善最明显.注射组治疗效果明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).注射组3个月和6个月MAS评分差异无统计学意义,BTX-A注射有时效性,6个月后可重复注射.结论 采用超声定位BTX-A注射治疗脑性瘫痪患儿下肢肌肉痉挛,定位准确、安全,患儿依从性好,疗效优于单纯康复治疗.     

硬化剂治疗食管静脉曲张破裂出血的远期疗效分析

目的 探讨经硬化剂治疗食管静脉曲张破裂出血后的远期疗效。方法 1996-2003年在内镜下用硬化剂(1％乙氧硬化醇)注射治疗15例食管静脉曲张破裂出血患儿,年龄3—14岁,采用静脉内和静脉旁联合注射。注射后长期临床与内镜随访,观察再出血率及曲张静脉消失率与并发症发生率。结果 15例共作了43次硬化剂注射治疗,依治疗时间先后不同,随访时间从3年4个月到7年2个月不等,平均5年6个月。10例经2次治疗,5例经3次治疗,曲张静脉基本消退,内镜随访发现曲张静脉平均消退时间为3-6个月。15例长期随访发现仅3例曲张静脉复发。再出血率明显减少,15例中仅3例发生再出血,其中2例因长期失访,直至再出血来院检查,发现1例系十二指肠溃疡,1例为静脉曲张出血,而治疗前几乎每1-2个月出血1次。此外未见一例食管穿孔、食管狭窄的并发症。结论 食管静脉曲张硬化剂疗法治疗儿童食管静脉曲张安全有效,尤其是肝外血管畸形所致的门脉高压症效果显著,是挽救患儿生命,提高患儿生命质量的有效内科治疗方法。     

序贯疗法治疗肥厚性幽门狭窄的临床研究

目的探讨序贯疗法治疗肥厚性幽门狭窄(HPS)的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2010年1月至2013年6月本院儿外科收治的先接受静脉注射后接受口服阿托品序贯给药治疗的HPS患儿,观察阿托品序贯疗法的临床疗效和不良反应。结果 26例HPS患儿中23例呕吐缓解并完成阿托品序贯疗法治疗,呕吐缓解率88.5%(23/26);2例中途放弃药物治疗,1例药物无效,3例均转手术治疗。阿托品序贯疗法治疗期间无明显药物不良反应。治疗前患儿超声检查幽门肌层厚度3.5~6.2 mm,平均(4.8±0.3)mm;治疗结束后6~8个月,超声检查幽门肌层厚1.4~2.1 mm,平均(1.8±0.2)mm。结论阿托品序贯疗法治疗HPS疗效高,安全无创,但少数患儿仍需要手术治疗。     

儿童系统性红斑狼疮12例序贯治疗疗效观察

目的应用系统性红斑狼疮活动指数(SLEDAI)和系统性红斑狼疮国际临床合作组与美国风湿病学会损害指数(DI)的方法指导儿童系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患儿序贯疗法.方法12例儿童SLE采用序贯疗法.治疗前进行SLEDAI和DI评估.对SLEDAI和DI均存在肾脏损伤和(或)神经系统损伤的5例(Ⅰ组)采用大剂量甲基泼尼松龙(MP)冲击诱导[15～30(mg/kg)],连续或隔日,共3次,结束时口服泼尼松1mg/(kg·d)(平均40mg/d)3～4周后,予以环磷酰胺(CTX)静脉冲击治疗[8～12mg/(kg·d)],连续2d,每2周重复Ⅰ组,累计剂量≤150mg/kg,以后每3个月重复1组,全部重复剂量≤50mg/kg;同时给予羟基氯喹(HCQ)≤5mg/(kg·d).CTX维持治疗结束6～10个月后,口服雷公藤多甙(Tw)1～2mg/(kg·d)3～6个月.此间,泼尼松逐渐减量,以最小有效控制量长期维持.无肾脏损伤和(或)神经系统损伤的7例(Ⅱ组)均采用口服泼尼松1.5～2.0mg/(kg·d),临床症状控制后1个月逐渐减量,剂量减至1.0mg/(kg·d)时,加Tw(剂量同Ⅰ组,连续口服4～9个月),同时给予HCQ(同Ⅰ组),当泼尼松减量至0.5mg/(kg·d)时,可重复应用Tw3～4个月.随访期间进行DI评估.随访结束时年龄14～19岁,平均随访时间≥5年.结果Ⅰ组患儿SLEDAI＞25分,5例均表现为严重的肾炎综合征或肾病综合征,其中2例同时伴中枢神经系统损伤(癫样发作和器质性脑综合征).Ⅱ组7例SLEDA17～16分.序贯治疗后,两组患儿SLEDAI明显改善,DI无增加.结论根据SLEDAI和DI结果,用不同的药物序贯疗法有较好的近期临床效果,远期疗效有待观察.     

聚桂醇硬化疗法与腹腔镜减压术治疗儿童单纯性肾囊肿的疗效比较

目的比较超声引导下聚桂醇硬化疗法和腹腔镜去顶减压术治疗儿童单纯肾囊肿的有效性和安全性。方法总结分析2013年5月至2020年4月深圳市儿童医院经超声和CT尿路成像诊断单纯性肾囊肿(囊肿直径>4 cm或囊肿伴有症状者)且接受超声引导下聚桂醇硬化治疗或腹腔镜去顶减压术的48例患儿的临床资料, 记录其临床表现、检查结果、手术细节和随访等资料。根据既往手术方法, 将研究对象分为聚桂醇治疗组(21例)和腹腔镜去顶减压组(27例), 对比两种干预方法的术后不良反应及长期疗效。在治疗后的第1、6、12个月及每年复查1次, 通过最后复诊时超声测量囊肿体积与治疗前囊肿体积的比较来评估治疗效果。采用t检验或χ2检验进行组间差异的两两比较。结果单纯性肾囊肿引起的症状以腰腹部疼痛与包块为主。聚桂醇治疗组的手术时间、术后住院时间和住院费用均少于腹腔镜去顶减压组, (36.1±8.5)min比(94.7±17.2)min、(29.2±12.3)h比(81.9±12.8)h、(8193.8±1305.4)元比(13905.7±2089.9)元, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。聚桂醇治疗组术后无感...     

Klippel-Trenaunay-Syndrom

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare, congenital angiodysplasia characterized by the clinical triad of vascular malformation, unilateral soft tissue and bone hypertrophy and venous varicosis. Thromboembolic events are rare but potentially life-threatening. We report a case of a 15-year-old girl with sudden loss of consciousness, hemiparesis and dyspnoea. We diagnosed pulmonary embolism and ischaemic stroke due to paradoxical brain embolism through a patent foramen ovale. Obviously, a venous malformation of the lower extremity was the source of these thromboembolic events. We discuss the diagnostic challenges of this case and review the literature regarding the rare combination of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, pulmonary embolism and paradoxical brain embolism among paediatric patients. To our knowledge, we describe the third case of stroke associated with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome.     

他克莫司联合小剂量激素治疗儿童激素抵抗型肾病综合征21例临床分析

目的 分析评估他克莫司对治疗儿童激素抵抗型肾病综合征的疗效及其安全性.方法 采用回顾性纵向研究分析21例激素抵抗型肾病综合征患儿,他克莫司初始剂量0.10 ～0.15 mg/(kg·d),每12小时1次,定期监测血药浓度、尿常规、血常规及肝肾功能等指标.同时口服小剂量泼尼松0.20 ～0.75 rmg/( kg·d).结果 1～3个月后观察近期疗效,完全缓解者14例,部分缓解者7例,完全缓解率66.7％.16例患儿接受了肾活检,其中6例微小病变型肾病患儿中3例完全缓解,3例部分缓解;4例局灶节段性肾小球硬化患儿中2例完全缓解,2例部分缓解;5例lgM肾病及1例系膜增生性肾小球肾炎患儿均完全缓解.服药期间6例患儿出现一过性不良反应,经对症处理后均缓解.20例患儿获随访,1年内共4例复发,第2年共4例6次出现复发.结论 他克莫司对儿童激素抵抗型肾病综合征有较好的疗效,不良反应较少,大多可耐受,但服药1～2年内复发率较高,因此其长期疗效仍有待于进一步随访观察.     

Vigabatrin associated retinal dysfunction in children with epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Recent reports have established that eye changes occur in patients treated with vigabatrin. AIM: To identify the eye changes associated with vigabatrin, based on a prospective study of children treated for seizures. METHODS: Twenty nine children on vigabatrin (mainly as add on therapy) were followed up for 6.5 years. Ophthalmic examination was performed before starting treatment and then six monthly in the outpatient clinic. RESULTS: Twenty one children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Most had epileptic syndromes with infantile spasms-namely West syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and partial seizures. Vigabatrin dose was 25-114 mg/kg/day (mean 55.8); duration of therapy was 6-85 months (mean 35.7). Four children (19%) developed eye changes (retinal pigmentation, hypopigmented retinal spots, vascular sheathing, and optic atrophy). Visual evoked potentials were abnormal in 16 children. Electroretinography and electro-oculography, which could have picked up eye changes in early stages, were not performed, as this facility was not available. CONCLUSIONS: Vigabatrin causes eye damage. Most children with epileptic syndromes on vigabatrin cannot complain of their eye problems, hence 3-6 monthly ophthalmic follow up is strongly advised, along with regular electroretinography, electro-oculography, and visual evoked potentials if possible.     

隐性脊柱裂对儿童原发性夜间遗尿症治疗的影响

目的 探讨隐性脊柱裂(spina bifida occulta,SBO)对儿童原发性夜间遗尿症(primary nocturnal enuresis,PNE)治疗效果的影响.方法 收集2011年7月至2013年12月门诊PNE患儿163例,年龄(9.2±2.1)岁,男98例,女65例,这些患儿每周至少出现1次夜间遗尿,均有觉醒困难,无其他泌尿系疾病或脊柱裂引起的临床症状.记录患儿有无SBO体征(背部多毛、色素沉着、潜毛窦等).常规拍摄腰骶椎X线正位片、尿常规.治疗前均记录排尿日记,治疗开始后每月记录1次排尿日记,统计功能性膀胱容量(functional bladder capacity,FBC).根据有无SBO分为非SBO组和SBO组,给予相同的治疗方案,每周记录遗尿次数,每月随访一次,至少随访半年.通过比较非SBO组和SBO组遗尿次数来比较治疗效果.结果 发现SBO 122例(占74.8％),男69例(56.6％),平均年龄(9.8±2.3)岁,伴有隐性脊柱裂阳性体征者55例(45.1％).非SBO者41例,平均年龄(9.5±2.5)岁,男24例(58.5％),女17例(41.5％).两组年龄差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗前SBO组FBC为(216.5±49.6)ml,非SBO组为(217.4±47.3)ml,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义.治疗后FBC增加量SBO组为(11.9±4.4)ml,非SBO组为(24.1±6.6)ml,P＜0.001,差异有统计学意义.治疗前SBO组每周遗尿次数为(3.4±1.2)次,非SBO组为(3.1±1.0)次,P＞0.05,差异无统计学意义.治疗后SBO组完全有效25例(20.5％),有效25例(20.5％),部分有效34例(27.9％),无效38例(31.1％);非SBO组完全有效20例(48.8％),有效10例(24.4％),部分有效9例(22.0％),无效2例(4.8％).SBO组和非SBO组治疗效果差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001),非SBO组完全有效率明显高于SBO组(P＜0.001).结论 SBO显著影响儿童PNE的治疗效果.     

Obliteration of a metameric spinal arteriovenous malformation (Cobb syndrome) using combined endovascular embolization and surgical excision

Cobb syndrome represents the concurrent findings of a metameric spinal vascular malformation and a cutaneous vascular malformation within several dermatomes of each other. This rare entity engenders many difficult decisions with respect to appropriate therapeutic management. Historically, surgical excision carried a high morbidity, and conservative management without intervention was preferred. More recently, several cases of endovascular embolization have been reported with good success. The authors describe the case of a 17-year-old boy who presented with a right gluteal angioma and was found to have a spinal arteriovenous malformation. Multiple embolizations failed to prevent neurological deterioration, and the patient eventually became wheelchair dependent. Surgical excision of the malformation led to partial recovery of neurological function, and at the latest follow-up, 52 months postoperatively, the patient was able to ambulate independently. This case demonstrates the successful treatment of a patient with Cobb syndrome with surgical excision after multiple refractory embolizations. A multidisciplinary approach, which balances the patient's current neurological function against the risks and potential gains from any interventional and surgical procedure, is recommended.     

钢板内固定治疗严重移位的儿童陈旧性股骨干骨折

目的 探讨使用切开复位、钢板内固定治疗严重移位的儿童股骨干陈旧性骨折的手术适应证、手术技术及临床疗效.方法 回顾性研究了我院2002年5月至2006年12月收治的有严重移位的陈旧性儿童股骨干骨折患儿15例,男9例,女6例,年龄7～12岁,平均10.5岁,所有患儿均采用手术治疗,采用全麻或连续硬膜外麻醉,后侧或后外侧手术切口,手术中彻底清除断端周围骨痂,充分显露骨折端,在反牵引带的帮助下,采用折顶法反复、逐次的松解神经、血管、肌肉的张力,观察牵引状态下患肢末梢的血运情况作为反映血管神经张力的一个指标,待软组织可以逐渐适应高张力的情况下,对骨折进行复位、自体松质骨植骨、钢板内固定.术后给予抗炎、抗凝、早期功能锻炼.随访时对患儿的骨折愈合情况、畸形矫正情况及手术后的并发症进行评价.结果 所有病例均随访1～3年.手术后3、6、12、20个月常规拍摄患肢的X线片.随访期结束时,所有病例骨折均达骨性愈合、畸形完全得到矫正,无血管、神经并发症的发生.患儿已完全负重、下地行走,患肢缩短1～2cm,平均1.2 cm,行走时正常步态,骨折邻近的膝、髋关节活动范围正常.结论 对于具有合适手术适应证的、伴有严重移位畸形的儿童股骨干陈旧性骨折采用手术切开复位、钢板内固定治疗可以获得良好的临床疗效,手术中应注意病例的选择、轻柔操作,采用逐次折顶复位,避免血管、神经的损伤.手术后给予于适当的辅助治疗及功能锻炼.     

Gastric angiodysplasia in a child with Bernard-Soulier syndrome: efficacy of octreotide in long-term management

Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia in association with Bernard-Soulier syndrome has been previously described in adults. The authors report on a 14-year-old boy presenting with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to a large gastric angiodysplasia, in whom medical history and laboratory investigations were consistent with Bernard-Soulier syndrome. The vascular lesion was so widespread that surgical or endoscopic therapy was not considered. Therefore, treatment with octreotide, a somatostatin analog, was commenced, following a short course of tranexamic acid and proton pump inhibitor. During the 16-month follow-up with octreotide therapy, no occult or gross bleeding occurred. This case illustrates the utility of using octreotide for the long-term treatment of children with bleeding disorders and angiodysplasia.     

Angiomyomatous hamartoma of the popliteal lymph nodes in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: case report

We present a case of angiomyomatous hamartoma (AMH) in the popliteal region of a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. A 14-year-old boy with a right popliteal mass and recurrent edema of the right leg was admitted to a local hospital where a diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome was made. Three lymph nodes in the right popliteal fossa were removed. Histopathologic examination showed angiomyomatous hamartomas. Postoperatively, the patient was followed for 6 years. He had occasional mild edema of the right leg, but no signs of inflammation or recurrence of the angiomyomas. Our case is the first reported case of angiomyomatous hamartoma in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay (KT) syndrome.     

Vigabatrin associated retinal dysfunction in children with epilepsy

BACKGROUND—Recent reports have established that eye changes occur in patients treated with vigabatrin.AIM—To identify the eye changes associated with vigabatrin, based on a prospective study of children treated for seizures.METHODS—Twenty nine children on vigabatrin (mainly as add on therapy) were followed up for 6.5 years. Ophthalmic examination was performed before starting treatment and then six monthly in the outpatient clinic.RESULTS—Twenty one children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Most had epileptic syndromes with infantile spasms—namely West syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and partial seizures. Vigabatrin dose was 25-114 mg/kg/day (mean 55.8); duration of therapy was 6-85 months (mean 35.7). Four children (19%) developed eye changes (retinal pigmentation, hypopigmented retinal spots, vascular sheathing, and optic atrophy). Visual evoked potentials were abnormal in 16 children. Electroretinography and electro-oculography, which could have picked up eye changes in early stages, were not performed, as this facility was not available.CONCLUSIONS—Vigabatrin causes eye damage. Most children with epileptic syndromes on vigabatrin cannot complain of their eye problems, hence 3-6 monthly ophthalmic follow up is strongly advised, along with regular electroretinography, electro-oculography, and visual evoked potentials if possible.