糖尿病与非糖尿病性脑梗死的临床表现及预后比较

目的：探讨糖尿病与非糖尿病性脑梗死的临床表现及预后比较。方法103例脑梗死患者资料，根据患者病情分为糖尿病组（57例）和非糖尿病组（46例）通过分析比较糖尿病性脑梗死与非糖尿病性脑梗死的临床表现及预后比较。结果通过统计分析两组脑梗死患者在血脂异常、肢体偏瘫、重残率、基底节区梗死、治愈率等方面相比差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05），其中两组患者的高血压比较差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论糖尿病性脑梗死患者的临床疗效及预后明显较非糖尿病性脑梗死患者差。     

2型糖尿病合并脑梗死治疗的临床观察

目的 观察2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者的临床治疗效果及预后.方法 选择62例2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者为糖尿病脑梗死组,另选取62例同期住院治疗的非合并脑梗死的糖尿病患者为糖尿病组.2组患者入院后均给予改善脑血供、控制血压、调整血脂、营养脑神经细胞、抗血小板聚集、解除血管痉挛、降低颅内压、防治并发症及对症支持等常规基础治疗.观察2组临床疗效及神经功能缺损程度.结果 糖尿病脑梗死组总有效率83.9%低于糖尿病组95.2%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).糖尿病脑梗死组神经功能缺损程度较糖尿病组严重,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 控制好血糖水平是提高糖尿病合并脑梗死患者生存质量和生活质量的重要环节.     

大面积脑梗死预后相关因素临床分析

目的 探讨大面积脑梗死患者预后相关因素.方法 选择大面积脑梗死患者共60例,其中恶化患者24例,非恶化患者36例.分析年龄、并发症、是否为大脑中动脉主干阻塞、是否合并糖尿病等对病情的影响;分析不同梗死面积对预后的影响.结果 恶化组存在大脑中动脉主干阻塞所占比例、年龄大于60岁所占比例、合并并发症所占比例、合并糖尿病所占比例大于非恶化组（P＜0.05）;恶化组实施早期治疗患者所占比例低于非恶化组（P＜0.05）.脑梗死20～40 cm2患者基本治愈和好转所占比例高于其他脑梗死面积患者,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 大面积脑梗死患者病情恶化与年龄、合并并发症、合并糖尿病、是否早期治疗、大脑中动脉主干阻塞等因素有关,脑梗死面积越大患者的预后越差.     

120例2型糖尿病并发脑梗死临床表现及急性预后期分析

目的 了解糖尿病并发脑梗死的临床、CT特点及其急性期预后关系.方法 将476例脑梗死患者分为治疗组120例患有糖尿病的脑梗死,对照组356例非糖尿病的脑梗死患者,比较两组的发病临床表现、CT特点与急性期预后及病死率的关系.结果 糖尿病性脑梗死较非糖尿病性脑梗死患者急性期预后差,好转率低.结论 控制好糖尿病患者血糖水平可减少脑梗死的发生率.     

糖尿病性脑梗死30例临床分析

目的了解糖尿病并发脑梗死的临床、CT特点及其急性期预后关系。方法将119例脑梗死病人分为治疗组30例患有糖尿病的脑梗死,对照组89例非糖尿病的脑梗死患者,比较两组的发病临床表现,CT特点与急性期预后及病死率的关系。结果糖尿病性脑梗死较非糖尿病性脑梗死患者急性期预后差,好转率低。结论控制好糖尿病患者血糖水平可减少脑梗死的发生率。     

入院高血糖与急性脑梗死预后的相关性研究

目的 探讨入院高血糖与急性脑梗死患者预后的相关性.方法 急性脑梗死患者456例根据入院血糖水平分为高血糖组（≥7.8 mmol/L）和正常血糖组（＜7.8 mmol/L）.对2组基线,治疗后24 h、14 d美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分（NIHSS）,90 d改良Rankin评分（mRS）,病死率,出血转化率进行统计学分析.结果 2组治疗前基本资料除糖尿病史差异有统计学意义（P=0.002）外,余差异均无统计学意义;高血糖组治疗后24 h、14 d NIHSS总评分改善、90 d mRS临床转归良好的比率均较正常血糖组差（30.0% vs 46.4%,P＜0.05）;高血糖组病死率高于正常血糖组（26.0% vs 10.3%,P＜0.05）;高血糖组症状性出血转化率高于正常血糖组（4.9% vs 1.7%,P＜0.05）.结论 入院高血糖与急性脑梗死患者预后不良相关,与病死率及症状性出血转化的增加有关. 关     

脑梗死合并糖尿病42例临床分析

目的:研究糖尿痛对脑梗死患者的发病、临床表现、预后的影响.方法:糖尿病组为急性脑梗死合并糖尿病患者42例,与非糖尿病组急性脑梗死患者61例对比,比较其梗死病灶大小、临床表现以及临床疗效.结果:糖尿病组较非糖尿病组患者脑梗死病情重、预后差(P＜0.01).结论:糖尿病是脑梗死的危险因素,合并糖尿病的脑梗死患者病情重、预后差.     

氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林治疗进展性脑梗死疗效观察

目的 观察氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林治疗进展性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 68例进展性脑梗死患者随机分为两组各34例,观察组采用氯比格雷和阿司匹林治疗,对照组采用常规治疗.观察两组治疗前后患侧肢体体征及神经症状的改善及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块B超征像等变化.结果 观察组总有效率(82.4％)明显高于对照组(67.7％)(x2=4.01,P＜0.05).两组治疗后颈动脉斑块形态及回声、卒中评分量表评分、Barthel生活能力指数、中国卒中量表评分、颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度、颈动脉狭窄程度等均较治疗前明显改善(均P＜0.05),观察组较对照组改善更明显(均P＜0.05).结论 氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林治疗进展性脑梗死,可明显改善临床症状,提高临床治疗效果.     

低温在急性脑梗死治疗中的应用

目的 探讨低温在急性脑梗死治疗中的作用.方法 选择急性脑梗死患者40例,随机分为低温治疗组及常温治疗组,两组患者除低温组给予低温干预外,余治疗方案均相同.所有患者均随访1个月,比较两组患者在预后、脑梗死面积及血管再通率方面的差别.结果 低温治疗组较常温治疗组具有更好的预后（P＜0.05）,其缩小梗死灶面积的效果比常温治疗组显著（P＜0.05）,两组血管再通率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 低温治疗可减小急性脑梗死患者局部梗死灶面积,对于改善患者预后具有重要意义.     

2型糖尿病合并脑梗死治疗的临床观察

目的 观察2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者的临床治疗效果及预后.方法 选择62例2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者为糖尿病脑梗死组,另选取62例同期住院治疗的非合并脑梗死的糖尿病患者为糖尿病组.2组患者入院后均给予改善脑血供、控制血压、调整血脂、营养脑神经细胞、抗血小板聚集、解除血管痉挛、降低颅内压、防治并发症及对症支持等常规基础治疗.观察2组临床疗效及神经功能缺损程度.结果 糖尿病脑梗死组总有效率83.9%低于糖尿病组95.2%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.糖尿病脑梗死组神经功能缺损程度较糖尿病组严重,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 控制好血糖水平是提高糖尿病合并脑梗死患者生存质量和生活质量的重要环节.     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.