双波长分光光度法测定氨氯青霉素栓含量

目的 建立氨氯青霉素栓中氨苄青霉素和邻氯青霉素钠的含量测定方法。方法 采用双波长分光光度法(UV法)。氨苄青霉素的测定波长λA=325nm，参比波长λA=361．4nm；邻氯青霉素钠的测定波长λC=344nm，参比波长λC=303．2nm。结果 北苄青霉素、邻氯青霉素钠分别在1．704～17．040μg/ml、1．672～16．720μg/ml浓度范围内与吸收度差值呈良好的线性关系(rA=0．9999，rC=0．9998)。平均回收率分别为99．5％和98．6％，RSD分别为0．95％和1．10％。结论 该法不经分离直接测定两组分各自的含量，线性关系良好，准确可靠，灵敏度高，重现性好，不受基质和直肠吸收促进剂的影响，可作为氨氯青霉素栓的含量测定方法。     

天麻有效成分制备与测定简易方法的探讨

目的探讨简单易行的天麻有效成分提取与测定的方法。方法将天麻用70％乙醇加热回流法制备天麻提取物，高效液相色谱法测定天麻素含量，并用紫外分光光度法测量，制天麻素含量-吸光度曲线。结果用70％乙醇加热回流法提取所得天麻提取物中天麻素含量为1．6mg／mL，紫外分光光度法测定天麻素含量在100μg／mL-300μg／mL范围与吸光度（A224nm）呈线性关系（天麻素含量Cμg／mL=-688．317＋286．000×A224nm，t=5．690，p〈0．05）。结论采用70％乙醇加热回流法制备天麻提取物，并用紫外分光光度法测定其中天麻，素含量，方法简单易行，成本低廉。     

替米沙坦分散片生物等效性研究

目的建立测定替米沙坦血浆浓度的高效液相-荧光检测法，考察替米沙坦在国人中的药代动力学及生物等效性。方法18名健康受试者单剂量交叉口80mg替米沙坦供试制剂或参比制剂后，用高效液相色谱法（high erformance iquid hromatography，HPLC）测定替米沙坦血药浓度并计算药动学及相对生物利用度，对主要药动学参数进行统计学分析。色谱柱为Diamonsil C18柱（5 μm，4．6mm×150mm），以乙腈一磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（77：23，磷酸调pH=3．10）为流动相，流速1．0mL／min，荧光检测波长λEx=305nm，λEm=365nm。结果替米沙坦的线性范围为2～512μg／L，r=0．9999，高、中、低浓度的提取回收率分别为：84．33％、8l.56％、87.22％。供试制剂与参比制剂的AUC0～96分别为（3439．58±1393．38）μg·h／L和（3419．85±993．25）μg·h／L。结论两种替米沙坦制剂具有生物等效性。     

喂饲补阳还五汤大鼠血清中黄芪甲甙的固相萃取-化学衍生化-荧光分光光度法测定

目的 建立一种测定黄芪甲甙的方法。方法 采用固相萃取小柱对血清样品进行预处理，利用茴香酸在硫酸介质中与黄芪甲甙反应产生强烈荧光物质的特性来测定血清中的黄芪甲甙。结果 经固相萃取处理后的血清样品无干扰，黄芪甲甙与茴香酸的反应产物的最大激发波长为λcx=310nm，最大发射波长为λcm=376nm，黄芪甲甙在1～10μg／ml浓度范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系，相关系数r=0．9999。测定样品平均回收率为97．1％，RSD=2．6％(n=5)。结论 此方法灵敏、准确，选择性好，可用于测定鼠血清中的黄芪甲甙。     

紫外分光光度法测定蒙药草苁蓉中多糖的含量

目的：建立草苁蓉中多糖的含量测定方法。方法：采用紫外分光光度法测定不同产地草苁蓉中多糖的含量。结果：在最大吸收波长490nm处测吸光度，线性范围1．4μg／mL～13．0μg／mL内，r=0．9992，平均回收率为96．1％，RSD为0．2％（n=5）。结论：该方法简单方便、准确可靠，可以用来测定草苁蓉中多糖的含量。     

高效液相色谱-荧光法检测脑脊液的异丙酚浓度

目的：建立测定脑脊液异丙酚浓度的方法。方法：应用反相高效液相色谱技术，脑脊液样品经高速离心（12500r／min）3min，0．45μm滤膜过滤，以甲醇-水（80：20）流动相，流速1ml／min，柱温30℃，进样量20μl。经Supelco Discovery C18柱分离后，荧光检测，λex=276nm，λem=310nm。结果：脑脊液异丙酚浓度测定线性范围为5～200ng／ml（r=0．9994）。高、中、低3个浓度的回收率分别为101．29／6、99．8％、98．8％；日间RSD分别为1．55％、1．73％、6．01％；日内RSD分别为1．69％、2．37％、8．60％。最低检测浓度为2ng／ml。结论：该方法快速、准确、灵敏，可用于脑脊液异丙酚浓度的测定。     

18种中草药中痕量锗的定量测定

用混酸（发烟硝酸＋浓硫酸）回流消化中草药样品，Fe（OH）3共沉淀富集锗，苯基荧光酮－溴化十六烷基三甲胺（CTMAB）胶束增溶分光光度法测定了18种中草药中的锗含量，灵芝和白花蛇舌草含量较高，分别为2．46和0．35μg／g。本法检出界限为193ng／g，变异系数为0．89％，在不同中草药中的回收率为91％～93％。     

高效液相色谱法测定异丙酚血浆药物浓度

目的建立测定血浆异丙酚浓度的方法。方法应用反相高效液相色谱技术，血浆样本经环己烷提取，以麝香草酚为内标，以乙腈-水（3：2）为流动相，流速1．2ml／min，柱温30℃，进样30μl，经Supelco Discovery C18柱分离后，荧光检测，λex=276nm，λcm=310nm。结果血浆异丙酚浓度测定：浓度范围为16～10000ng／ml（r=0．9995）。高、中、低3个浓度的回收率分别为97．6％、97．4％和101．7％，n=5；日间RSD分别为2．45％、3．15％和4．76％，n=5。日内RSD分别为2．82％、5．48％和4．17％。结论本方法快速、准确、灵敏，可用于血浆异丙酚浓度的测定。     

氯地滴眼液中氯霉素的含量测定

目的建立一阶导数分光光度法测定氯地滴眼液中氯霉素的含量。方法一阶导数分光光度法，在305nm处测定氯地滴眼液的振幅D。结果线性范围为20．13-30，01μg／ml，r=0．99989（n=5）；平均回收率为99，78％，RSD=0．227％（n=5），氯地滴眼液中地塞米松及辅料无影响。结论该法操作简便、准确，消除了地塞米松的影响，适合于医院制剂氯地滴眼液中氯霉素的含量测定。     

双波长分光光度法测定复方间苯二酚洗剂中间苯二酚的含量

目的用双波长分光光度法测定复方间苯二酚洗剂中间苯二酚的含量。方法以水为溶剂，在273．5nm和266．1nm波长处测定吸收度并计算差值。结果间苯二酚在20．32～60．96μg／mL浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9998）；平均回收率为99．59％，RSD=0．45％（n=9）。结论本方法简便、快捷，测定含量准确。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.