人参叶中三萜皂苷类成分的研究

目的 研究人参叶中的微量皂苷类化合物.方法 利用正相硅胶柱层析和反相硅胶制备色谱技术,分离人参叶中的微量成分,并运用质谱和核磁共振技术鉴定其结构.结果 从人参叶中分离得到5个微量成分,分别鉴定为:人参皂苷Rk1(Ⅰ)、Rk3(Ⅱ)、Rh4(Ⅲ)、RgS(Ⅳ)和Rg6(Ⅴ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ为首次从人参叶中分离得到.     

Three new dammarane-type triterpene saponins from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

Three new dammarane-type triterpene ginsenosides, together with six known ginsenosides, were isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. The new saponins were named as ginsenoside Rh??, ginsenoside Rh??, and ginsenoside Rh??. Their structures were elucidated as (20S)-3β,6α,12β,20-tetrahydroxydammara-25-ene-24-one 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (20S)-3β,12β,20,24,25-pentahydroxydammarane 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and (20S,23E)-3β,12β,20,25-tetrahydroxydammara-23-ene 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3) on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectra. The known ginsenosides were identified as ginsenoside M(?cd), ginsenoside Rg?, ginsenoside Rb?, gypenoside XVII, gypenoside IX, and 20-(E)-ginsenoside F?.     

Studies on dammarane-type saponins in the flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

From the dried flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, a new minor dammarane-type triterpene saponin named ginsenoside III together with nine known saponins was isolated. On the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, the structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β,12β,20(S)-trihydroxy-dammar-25-en-24-one.     

人参茎叶总皂苷中大孔吸附树脂残留物的测定

目的采用顶空气相色谱法测定人参茎叶皂苷中大孔树脂残留物的质量浓度。方法色谱柱初始温度60℃,保持22min,以50℃/min升至200℃,保持6min,氢火焰离子检测器温度为260℃,进样口温度220℃;用质量分数为40%的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作溶剂,载气为氮气。结果正己烷、苯、甲苯、对二甲苯、苯乙烯、对二乙基苯6种大孔树脂残留物在各自的质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,且回收率符合要求。结论该方法操作简便快速,灵敏度高,准确度好,可作为人参茎叶总皂苷中大孔树脂有机溶剂残留量的测定方法。     

Ginsenine,a new alkaloid from the berry of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

A new indole alkaloid, ginsenine, with a seven-membered lactam unit, was isolated from the berry of Panax ginseng. Its structure was established on the basis of extensive NMR (¹H- and ¹³C-NMR, ¹H–¹H COSY, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC), IR, and ESI-MS analysis.     

Ginsenine, a new alkaloid from the berry of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

A new indole alkaloid, ginsenine, with a seven-membered lactam unit, was isolated from the berry of Panax ginseng. Its structure was established on the basis of extensive NMR (¹H- and ¹³C-NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC), IR, and ESI-MS analysis.     

Two new dammarane-type triterpene saponins from red American ginseng

Two new dammarane-type triterpene saponins were isolated from the red American ginseng. The new saponins were named as pseudoginsenoside G₁ (1) and pseudoginsenoside G₂ (2). Their structures were elucidated by the combined analysis of NMR and mass spectrometry as 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-12-one-20S,24R-epoxy-3β,25-diol (pseudoginsenoside G₁) (1) and 3-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-12-one-20S,24S-epoxy-3β,25-diol (pseudoginsenoside G₂) (2).     

Simultaneous quantification of 14 ginsenosides in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Korean red ginseng) by HPLC-ELSD and its application to quality control

A new method of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was developed for the simultaneous quantification of 14 major ginsenosides, which are the marker compounds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Korean red ginseng). Various types of ginseng samples were extracted, and the amounts of the 14 ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rg2, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, and Rh2) were determined by reverse-phase HPLC-ELSD using digoxin as an internal standard. The mobile phase consisted of a programmed gradient of aqueous acetonitrile. Calibration curves for each ginsenoside were determined for the quantification. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. This quantification method was applied to several finished ginseng products including white ginseng, red ginseng powder, and red ginseng concentrate. The amounts of the 14 ginsenosides in the various ginseng samples could be analyzed simultaneously. This validated HPLC method is expected to provide a new basis for the quality assessment of ginseng products.     

西洋参与人参的理化鉴别

西洋参与人参为同属植物,两者外形基本相似,但在性味及功效上存在差异。且西洋参较人参昂贵。为避免市场上用人参加工后充当西洋参出售,本文提供了西洋参与人参的理化鉴别方法。     

人参叶化学成分研究

人参叶化学成分研究窦德强，陈英杰，马忠泽，翁敏华，文晔，裴玉萍，王志学，徐绥绪，姚新生（沈阳药科大学植物化学教研室，沈阳１１００１５）从人参（ＰａｎａｘｇｉｎｓｅｎｇＣ．Ａ，Ｍｅｙｅｒ）叶中分离得到１６个化合物，用ＦＤ－ＭＳ，１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ，１３Ｃ－Ｎ...     

人参、西洋参质量标准研究进展

本文综述了人参、西洋参的质量标准,着重比较<中国药典>与<美国药典>在鉴别项与含量测定项上的异同;并对近年来人参、西洋参的化学成分分析进行了总结.     

Two new saponins from the leaves of Panax notoginseng

Two new saponins, notoginsenosides Ng1 (1) and Ng2 (2), together with seven known compounds (3–9), were isolated from the leaves of Panax notoginseng. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR experiments. Compounds 6 and 7 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against HCT-116, with IC₅₀ values of 4.98 and 0.64 μmol/L, respectively.     

A pair of 24-hydroperoxyl epimeric dammarane saponins from flower-buds of Panax ginseng

Further investigation on the saponins of the flower-buds of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer has resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of a pair of new 24-epimers of dammarane type saponins named ginsenoside I and II. The structures of the epimers were characterized on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence as 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-S-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β12β20(S)-trihydroxy-24ξ-hydroperoxydammar-25-ene, except for their C-24 configurations. Ginsenoside I is a new triterpene glycoside, and ginsenoside II is a known compound first isolated from a natural plant.     

Minor Saponins from the Leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

<正> Five minor compounds isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer were characterized as 20(R)-protopanaxatriol (1), daucosterin (2), 3β, 12β-dihydroxy-dammar-20 (22), 24-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 20 (R)-protopanaxadiol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) and ginsenoside-Rh_2 (5), respectively, on the basis of spectral analyses and chemical evidence. The two new saponins, 3 and 4, were named as ginsenoside-Rh_3 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh_2.Nine other major saponins obtained simultaneously were identical with ginsenoside-Rh_1(6),-Rg_3 (7), -Rg_2 (8), -Rg_1 (9),-Re(10),-Rd (11), -Rc (12), -Rb_2(13) and Rb_1 (14), respectively.     

人参花蕾化学成分的研究

通过大孔树脂柱色谱，硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱法，从人参花蕾中分离得到１５个化合物，并采用与标准品共薄层及与文献ＩＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ等数据比较，鉴定了其中的１１个化合物，分别是β谷甾醇（１），２０（Ｒ）原人参三醇（２），２０（Ｒ）人参皂苷Ｒｈ１...     

西洋参与籽播参的傅里叶变换红外光谱法鉴别

目的 为了建立西洋参与籽播参有效的鉴别方法。方法 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）仪并借助OMNI采样器直接测定了样品的FTIR。结果 西洋参及籽播参外表皮及木质部的傅里叶变换红外光谱吸收差别较大。结论 可以采用FTIR直接测定法鉴别籽播参与西洋参，本法简便、快速、准确，而且不需制备样品。     

探究人参药材与饮片的含量差异

目的探讨人参药材根与须及人参饮片的含量差别。方法用HPLC法测定人参药材中根、须中人参皂苷的含量及人参饮片中人参皂苷的含量。结果人参药材皂苷含量须是根的4.6倍,按须与根的重量比1:13折算,药材总含量比饮片高出近1倍。结论药材与饮片质量存在差异,在采购时应加以注意。     

人参叶中微量新成分的研究

自人参叶中除得到九个已知的化合物外，还得到一个新的化合物，命名为人参皂甙－F5，经光谱和化学方法鉴定，其结构为20（S）－原人参三醇－20－0－α－L－阿拉伯呋喃糖基（1→6）-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙。     

Four new dammarane-type triterpene saponins from the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng and their cytotoxicity on HL-60 cells

Four new triterpene saponins, ginsenosides Rh(14)-Rh(17)(1- 4), along with two known compounds, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg? and dammar-(E)-20(22),24-diene-3 β,6 α,12 β-triol, were isolated from the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 3 β,6 α,12 β,24 ξ-tetrahydroxy-dammar-(E)-20(22),25-diene 6- O- α- L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?→?2)- β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3 β,12 β,24 ξ-trihydroxy-dammar-(E)-20(22),25-diene 3- O- β- D-glucopyranosyl-(1?→?2)- β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3 β,6 α,12 β-trihydroxy-dammar-(E)-20(22),24-diene 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and 3-oxo-6 α,12 β,20(S)-trihydroxy-dammar-24-ene 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?→?2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) by means of extensive spectroscopic and chemical methods, respectively. The isolated compounds were tested for IN VITRO cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells.     

人参,西洋参及三七总皂甙对大鼠血小板功能及血栓形成的抑制作用

体外试验表明人参总甙(SPG),西洋参总甙(SPQ)和三七总甙(SPNG)均能抑制胶原诱导的大鼠血小板聚集,其IC_(50)分别为0.583,1.012及0.815mg·ml~(-1),对胶原诱导引起的血小板5-HT释放,在0.5mg·ml~(-1)时,SPG,SPQ及SPNG的抑制率分别为20％,4％及16％,对血小板内cAMP含量,在35mg·kg~(-1)iv后,SPG,SPQ及SPNG均能使其显著增加.体内试验,对大鼠的实验性血栓,SPNG在80mg·kg~1 ig 1.5～2 h后有显著的抑制作用,但同样剂量的SPG无效Rg_1 20mg·kg~1 ig能显著抑制血栓形成,iv能显著抑制凝血酶所致DIC的血小板数目减少,FDP的增加,但对纤维蛋白原,凝血酶原时间的改变则无明显的拮抗作用。