Novel dimeric alkaloids from the roots of Thalictrum atriplex

Two new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, neothalfine (1) and thaliatrine (2), together with three known dimeric alkaloids, thalifaberine, thalistine, and thalirecebine, have been isolated from the roots of Thalictrum atriplex Finet et Gagnep. Their structures have been established by spectroscopy. Compound 1 showed in vitro antiplatelet aggregation activities.     

唐松草属植物中生物碱类化学成分和药理作用的研究进展

毛茛科唐松草属植物由于具有较高的药用价值,在我国广泛应用。唐松草属植物的生物碱属于异喹啉类,包括生物碱单聚物如简单异喹啉类、苄基异喹啉类、阿朴菲类、原小檗碱类、吗啡烷类、异帕威类等;此外还存在大量的二聚生物碱,主要类型有双苄基异喹啉类、阿朴菲–苄基异喹啉类、原小檗碱–苄基异喹啉类、阿朴菲–原小檗碱类等;具有抗肿瘤、抗寄生虫、抗血小板聚集、抗矽肺、抗病毒等药理作用。主要对唐松草属植物中生物碱类化学成分和药理作用的研究进展进行综述,为该属植物资源的开发利用提供参考。     

Two new saponins from Thalictrum fortunei

Two new cycloartane glycosides were isolated from the aerial parts of Thalictrum fortunei (Ranunculaceae). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 4)-β-d-fucopyranosyl-(22S,24Z)-cycloart-24-en-3β,22,26,30-tetraol 26-O-β-d-glucopyranoside and 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 4)-β-d-fucopyranosyl-(22S,24Z)-cycloart-24-en-3β,22,26,29-tetraol 26-O-β-d-glucopyranoside by extensive 1D and 2D NMR methods, HR-ESI-MS, and hydrolysis. Their cytotoxic activities toward human hepatoma Bel-7402 cells, human colon carcinoma LoVo cells, and human non-small-cell lung cancer NCIH-460 cells were evaluated by MTT assay, respectively.     

Diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum brachypodum Diels

A new diterpenoid alkaloid, named bullatine H (1), along with 10 known diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Aconitum brachypodum Diels (Ranunculaceae). The structure of 1 was elucidated by analysis of its spectroscopic data. It should be noted that compound 1 is the first example with 11, 13-dioxygenated denudatine-type diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from Aconitum brachypodum.     

Three new diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum duclouxii

Three new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, ducloudines C (1), D (2), and E (3), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum duclouxii. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Ducloudine C (1) is the first aconitine-type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloid with a C = O group at C-3 and a C = C bond between C-1 and C-2. All compounds were tested for their biological activities against one pathogenic fungi and two pathogenic bacteria.     

马尾连的生药学研究

目的 对吉林长白山地区产马尾连进行初步的生药学研究,为马尾连质量控制提供依据.方法 采用组织切片,显微鉴别等方法进行分析.结果 详细描述了马尾连的生药学特征,找出了马尾连的详细鉴定特征.结论 为马尾连的鉴别、质量标准的制订、开发利用提供科学鉴定依据.     

Securinega alkaloids from the fruits of Flueggea suffruticosa

Phytochemical investigation on the fruits of Flueggea suffruticosa resulted in the isolation of three new Securinega alkaloids, secu'amamine H (1), 15β-methoxy-14,15-dihydrosecurinine (3), and securinol E (7), as well as eight known ones (2, 4–6, and 8–11). Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D NMR, MS, UV, and IR). The absolute configurations of the new compounds were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and CD analyses.     

宣威乌头中生物碱成分的研究

目的 研究宣威乌头Aconitum nagarumvar lasiandrum中的生物碱成分.方法 采用酸提碱沉法提取总碱、硅胶层析法分离,用波谱法鉴定结构.结果和结论 从宣威乌头中分得10个单体化合物,应用光谱法鉴定了其结构为:光翠雀碱(denudatine)、宋果灵(songorine)、delnuttaline等3个C20-二萜生物碱和尼奥灵(neoline)、3-去氧乌头碱(3-deoxyaconitine)、8-methoxy-14-benzoylaconine、伏乌碱(flavaconitine)、异塔拉萨敏(isotalatizidine)、乌头碱(aconitine)和nevadensine等7个C19-二萜生物碱.     

Evaluation of Mosquito Repellent Activity of Isolated Oleic Acid,Eicosyl Ester from Thalictrum javanicum

To evaluate the traditional use, the mosquito repellent property of Thalictrum javanicum and to confirm the predicted larvicidal activity of the isolated compound, oleic acid, eicosyl ester from its aerial parts by PASS software, the present study was carried out using 4th instar stage larvae of the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (dengue vector) and Culex quinquefasciatus (filarial vector). Insecticidal susceptibility tests were conducted and the mortality rate was observed after 24 h exposure. The chitinase activity of isolated compound was assessed by using purified β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase (chitinase). Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase assay (radioimmuno assay) was made using the same larval stage of A. aegyptiand C. quinquefasciatus. The results were compared with the crude methanol extract of the whole plant. The isolated compound, oleic acid, eicosyl ester was found to be the most effective larvicide against A. aegypti (LC₅₀/24 h -8.51 ppm) and C. quinquefasciatus (LC₅₀/24 h - 12.5 ppm) than the crude methanol extract (LC₅₀/24 h - 257.03 ppm and LC₅₀/24 h - 281.83 ppm, respectively). The impact of oleic acid, eicosyl ester on reducing the activity of chitinase and ecdysone 20-monooxygenase was most prominent in both the target species, A. aegyptiand C. quinquefasciatus than the control. The results therefore suggest that the compound, oleic acid, eicosyl ester from Thalictrum javanicum may be considered as a potent source of mosquito larvicidal property.     

Anti-inflammatory amide alkaloids from the stems of Clausena emarginata

Two new amide alkaloids, clauemaramide A (1) and clauemaramide B (2), and three known analogs were isolated from the stems of Clausena emarginata. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were confirmed by CD spectroscopy. Compound 3 showed moderate inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production (IC₅₀ value = 4.9 μM).     

马尾连乙醇提取物消炎作用的研究

目的研究马尾连乙醇提取物精制工艺,并观察乙醇提物的消炎作用。方法采用醇提水沉等方法精制马尾连乙醇提取物,并通过二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀试验探讨其消炎作用。结果实验组小鼠耳肿胀面积小于对照组(P<0.05)。结论马尾连乙醇提取物精制工艺简便可行,且乙醇提取物对小鼠耳肿胀有治疗作用。所以应对马尾连乙醇提取物做进一步的基础研究,为其药理作用提供更深入的理论依据。     

Carbazole alkaloids from the stems of Clausena excavata

A new carbazole alkaloid, sansoakamine (8), together with 11 known compounds, was isolated from the stems of Clausena excavata. All structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Compound 7 showed moderate anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum with a MIC value of 6.74 μg/ml.     

Stemoninine-type alkaloids from the roots of Stemona sessilifolia

Two new stemoninine-type alkaloids, stemoninine A (1) and B (2), along with two known Stemona alkaloids, bisdehydrostemoninine (3) and bisdehydrostemoninine A (4), were isolated from the roots of Stemona sessilifolia, and their structures and relative configurations were determined on the basis of spectrometric data analysis.     

Diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum cochleare

From the roots of Aconitum cochleare Woroschin, collected in Turkey, a new diterpenoid alkaloid named acochlearine has been isolated along with the known diterpenoid alkaloids talatisamine, 14-O-acetyltalatisamine, senbusine C and condelphine. The structure for acochlearine was established on the basis of 1H, 13C, DEPT, homonuclear 1H COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC NMR studies.     

Stemoninine-type alkaloids from the roots of Stemona sessilifolia

Two new stemoninine-type alkaloids, stemoninine A (1) and B (2), along with two known Stemona alkaloids, bisdehydrostemoninine (3) and bisdehydrostemoninine A (4), were isolated from the roots of Stemona sessilifolia, and their structures and relative configurations were determined on the basis of spectrometric data analysis.     

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Cynoglossum furcatum

Two new pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been isolated from the roots of Cynoglossum furcatum. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, structures of the compounds have been elucidated. They are lactodine (3), a monoster alkaloid and viridinatine (4), a pyrrolizidine diester alkaloid. The structure of lactodine is elucidated as 9-O-(-)lactyl heliotridine and viridinatine as 7-O-(-)viridifloryl echinatine.     

Cytotoxic alkaloids from the roots of Tylophora atrofolliculata

Four new phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids, tylophoridicines C-F, together with three known ones, R-(+)-deoxytylophorinidine, tylophorinine and tylophorinidine, were isolated from the roots of Tylophora atrofolliculata. The structures were determined on the basis of spectral evidence. These alkaloids exhibited cytotoxic activity in vitro on HCT-8 cell (with IC50 values in the range 0.083 to 18.99 microM) and KB cell (in the range 3.56 to 18.22 microM) lines.     

天然产物中抗HIV生物碱类化合物的研究进展

近年来,从天然产物中寻找高效低毒的先导化合物已成筛选抗HIV药物的重要研究方向。生物碱类化合物作为一类重要的天然产物,数量众多,结构类型复杂,其中有多种抑制和阻断HIV感染的有效成分,通过实验室研究工作和临床用药观察,有望从中获得抗HIV的有效药物。以生物碱类化合物的化学结构为基础,将生物碱类化合物分为异喹啉类、喹啉类、大环类、哌啶类、莨菪烷类、吲哚类、咔唑类、海洋多环胍类、萜类、manzamine型生物碱等10类,对其抗HIV活性进行综述。