Pregnane glycosides from Solanum nigrum

Two new pregnane saponins, solanigroside A (1) and solanigroside B (2), along with two known compounds (3 and 4), were isolated from 60% ethanolic extract of the dried herb of Solanum nigrum L. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated as 5alpha-pregn-16-en-3beta-ol-20-one 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1) and 5alpha-pregn-16-en-3beta-ol-20-one 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (2), respectively, on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis as well as comparison with reported spectroscopic data of related compounds. This paper deals with the isolation and structural characterisation of pregnane glycosides from S. nigrum L.     

龙葵水溶性多糖的成分分析(Ⅰ)

从龙葵（SolanummigrumL.）的水提取液中分离出一中性杂多糖。经高效液相色谱分析其酸水解液,证明它由D-葡萄糖、L-鼠李糖、L-阿拉伯糖和D-木糖组成,摩尔比为14.2:5:2．8：1。多糖含量为84．1％。     

Pregnane glycosides from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima

Four new pregnane glycosides, named marstenacissides A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), have been isolated from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral methods.     

Pregnane glycosides from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima

Four new pregnane glycosides, named marstenacissides A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), have been isolated from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral methods.     

龙葵的显微鉴别研究

目的对龙葵进行显微鉴别研究。方法利用数码显微技术对龙葵进行鉴别研究。结果龙葵显微特征为茎表皮内具厚角组织,皮层和韧皮部之间有中柱鞘纤维断续分布;双韧型维管束;初生木质部8—10束,次生木质部发达,髓宽广。叶柄具1～3束双韧型维管束;叶肉栅栏细胞1列,在叶脉处不延续。药材粉末中导管多见螺纹和孔纹导管;纤维成束或散在;果皮细胞类方形,类多角形或不规则形,表面具角质纹理;种皮细胞壁皱波状;非腺毛大多破碎。结论为该药材的鉴别、开发利用以及中药材地方标准的研究编制工作提供依据。     

Pregnane glycosides from Dracaena cochinchinensis

Two new pregnane glycosides, named dracaenoside C and D, were isolated from the fresh stems of Dracaena cochinchinensis. Their structures were established as 3β,14α-dihydroxypregna-5,16(17)-diene-20-one?3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3β,14α-dihydroxypregna-5,16(17)-diene-20-one?3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) by means of 2D NMR spectral and chemical methods.     

New spirostanol glycosides from Solanum nigrum and S. jasminoides

A new characteristic steroidal glycoside possessing a hydroxyl group at C-23, inunigroside A (1), was isolated from the withered berries of Solanum nigrum L. On the basis of spectroscopic analysis, the structure of 1 was characterized as (5α,22S,23S,25R)-3β,23-dihydroxyspirostane 3-O-β-lycotetraoside. Next, a major steroidal sapogenol, (22R, 25S)-3β,15α-dihydroxy-spirost-5-ene (3), was obtained from the acid hydrolysate of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Solanum jasminoides L. A new bisdesmoside, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (22R,25S)-3β,15α-dihydroxyspirost-5-ene 15-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), named jasminoside A, was isolated from the methanolic extract of S. jasminoides.     

Antineoplastic agents. III: Steroidal glycosides from Solanum nigrum

By bioactivity-guided fractionation, three known steroidal glycosides, beta 2-solamargine (1), solamargine (2), and degalactotigonin (3), were isolated from Solanum nigrum. Compounds 1-3 induced morphological abnormality in Pyricularia oryzae mycelia with MMDC (minimum morphological deformation concentration) values of 63.0, 38.5, and 97.2 microM, respectively. This is the first report on the isolation of 1 from this species and on the cytotoxicity of 1-3 on six cultured human solid tumor cell lines HT-29 (colon), HCT-15 (colon), LNCaP (prostate), PC-3 (prostate), T47D (breast), and MDA-MB-231 (breast) in vitro. The cytotoxic assay indicated that 2 is the main antineoplastic agent in S. nigrum. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of chemical evidence and spectral analysis, especially by 2D-NMR analysis.     

白英中两个新糖苷生物碱

对中药白英的生物碱类成分进行研究.采用ODS、硅胶柱层析和高效液相色谱相结合的方法对生物碱进行分离纯化.通过UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS、 1D和2D NMR鉴定了7个生物碱类化合物,分别为15β-ethoxy-(3β,5a,25R)-16,23-epoxy-23,24-imino-cholestan-16,2...     

天门冬中的两个新呋甾皂苷aspacochinoside L和aspacochinoside M(英文)

从天门冬的根中分离得到两个新呋甾烷型皂苷aspacochinoside L(1)和aspacochinoside M(2),通过化学和波谱学方法确定了化合物1和2的结构。利用脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小胶质细胞(BV-2)炎症模型,测试了化合物的抗炎活性,其中aspacochinoside M的IC50值为32.26μM。     

Steroidal saponins from Lysimachia Paridiformis

A new steroidal saponin, paridiformoside B (1), was obtained from the EtOH extract of the whole plant of Lysimachia Paridiformis Franch, togerher with one steroidal sapogenin (7) and seven known steroidal saponins (2-6, 8-9). Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR spectra.     

Three previously undescribed steroidal glycoalkaloids from Solanum lyratum and their anti-tumor activities

In the present study, three previously undescribed steroidal glycoalkaloids (compounds 1–3) were isolated from Solanum lyratum. Their structures were elucidated based on comprehensive spectroscopic data. Their anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastatic activities were evaluated by MTT and wound-healing assays, respectively. Tumor-derived vascular endothelial cells (TdECs), obtained by co-culture of A549 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), were treated with compounds 1–3. Results showed that compounds 1–3 significantly inhibited the migration of TdECs at 25 μM despite the weak cytotoxic activities, which indicated that the compounds exerted anti-tumor activities by inhibiting metastasis, rather than directly inhibiting the proliferation of TdECs.     

Steroidal saponins from Lysimachia Paridiformis

A new steroidal saponin, paridiformoside B (1), was obtained from the EtOH extract of the whole plant of Lysimachia Paridiformis Franch, togerher with one steroidal sapogenin (7) and seven known steroidal saponins (2-6, 8-9). Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR spectra.     

星点设计-效应面法优化龙葵生物碱提取工艺

目的通过星点设计-效应面法优化龙葵生物碱提取工艺。方法在单因素试验的基础上以提取液中95%乙醇体积分数、提取温度和提取时间为考察因素,以澳洲茄碱提取率为考察指标,采用星点设计-效应面法设计试验优化龙葵生物碱的提取工艺。结果经运用DPS软件处理,选用3次多项式模型描述考察指标和3个考察因素之间的数学关系,并绘制效应面,确定最佳提取工艺参数:95%乙醇体积分数为73.6%,提取温度为60℃,提取时间为63.3 min,澳洲茄碱提取率预测值为0.683 0 mg·g?1,验证值为0.676 3 mg·g?1。结论星点设计-效应面法能有效优化龙葵生物碱提取工艺,预测性良好。     

Box-Behnken效应面法优化龙葵中总生物碱的提取工艺

目的 优选龙葵中总生物碱的提取工艺。方法 采用单因素试验结合Box-Behnken 效应面法,以总生物碱提取率为指标,考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间、提取次数等因素对提取工艺的影响,采用酸性染料比色法,利用紫外分光光度计测定总生物碱的含量。结果 确定龙葵中总生物碱提取的最佳工艺条件：乙醇体积分数为63.72%,料液比为1∶41.23,提取时间为54.93 min,提取2次,总生物碱提取率为1.40 mg·g^-1。结论 Box-Behnken 效应面法用于龙葵中总生物碱提取工艺条件的优选是可行的,模型预测效果较好。     

龙葵有效成分提取工艺及药理作用的研究概况

中草药龙葵含有多种有效成分,如龙葵生物碱,龙葵多糖、矿物质、维生素、色素、氨基酸等有效成分,所以呈现不同的药理作用。本文参考文献报道和总结本实验室研究工作,就其有效成分的提取工艺和药理作用进行综述,全草经醇水混合提取成分药理作用效果最佳。     

Solanum nigrum Extract and Solasonine Affected Hemolymph Metabolites and Ultrastructure of the Fat Body and the Midgut in Galleria mellonella

Glycoalkaloids, secondary metabolites abundant in plants belonging to the Solanaceae family, may affect the physiology of insect pests. This paper presents original results dealing with the influence of a crude extract obtained from Solanum nigrum unripe berries and its main constituent, solasonine, on the physiology of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) that can be used as an alternative bioinsecticide. G. mellonella IV instar larvae were treated with S. nigrum extract and solasonine at different concentrations. The effects of extract and solasonine were evaluated analyzing changes in carbohydrate and amino acid composition in hemolymph by RP-HPLC and in the ultrastructure of the fat body cells by TEM. Both extract and solasonine changed the level of hemolymph metabolites and the ultrastructure of the fat body and the midgut cells. In particular, the extract increased the erythritol level in the hemolymph compared to control, enlarged the intracellular space in fat body cells, and decreased cytoplasm and lipid droplets electron density. The solasonine, tested with three concentrations, caused the decrease of cytoplasm electron density in both fat body and midgut cells. Obtained results highlighted the disturbance of the midgut and the fat body due to glycoalkaloids and the potential role of hemolymph ingredients in its detoxification. These findings suggest a possible application of glycoalkaloids as a natural insecticide in the pest control of G. mellonella larvae.     

Solasodine glycosides of Solanum unguiculatum (A.) Rich

Besides solasonine, three new glycosides, namely, 3-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(13)-solasodine, 3-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(14)--D-galactopyranosyl solasodine, and 3-O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)--D-galactopyranosyl solasodine, were isolated fromSolanum unguiculatum (A.) Rich. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical and spectral methods.     

Antiproliferative Effect of Solanum nigrum on Human Leukemic Cell Lines

Solanum nigrum is used in various traditional medical systems for antiproliferative, antiinflammatory, antiseizure and hepatoprotective activities. We have evaluated organic solvent and aqueous extracts obtained from berries of Solanum nigrum for antiproliferative activity on leukemic cell lines, Jurkat and HL-60 (Human promyelocytic leukemia cells). The cell viability after the treatment with Solanum nigrum extract was measured by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Results indicated increased cytotoxicity with increasing extract concentrations. Comparative analysis indicated that 50% inhibitory concentration value of methanol extract is the lowest on both cell lines.     

Monoterpenoids and their glycosides from Winchia calophylla

Three new monoterpenoid compounds have been isolated from extracts of the stem barks of Winchia calophylla A. DC. The new compounds include two cyclo-diglycosides, wincaloside A (2) and wincaloside B (3), and a derivative of tetrahydroxycyclohexane-carboxylic acid, winchiepoxide (1). Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.