重组猪釉原蛋白对人牙龈上皮细胞生物学活性的影响

目的:探讨重组25kDa猪釉原蛋白(recombinant porcine amelogenin,rPAm)对人牙龈上皮细胞(human gingival epithelial cells,HGEC)黏附、增殖和迁移的影响。方法:采用不同浓度的rPAm(0、5、10、20μg/mL)刺激第2代HGEC,在相应的时间点,应用细胞计数法测定黏附和增殖的效果,以创面愈合模型测定细胞迁移效果,采用GraphPad Prism软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果:在黏附实验中,rPAm对HGEC的黏附有抑制作用,且效果随着时间的递增和rPAm浓度的增高而加强;在增殖实验中,随着时间的递增和rPAm浓度的增高,HGEC增殖能力下降;在迁移实验中,rPAm能抑制HGEC迁移,20μg/mL效果最好,24h后呈现剂量和时间依赖性。结论:rPAm能显著抑制人牙龈上皮细胞的黏附、增殖和迁移,存在剂量和时间依赖关系。     

釉基质蛋白对人牙龈上皮细胞增殖的影响

目的:研究釉基质蛋白(enamelmatrixproteins,EMPs)对体外培养的人牙龈上皮细胞增殖活性的影响。方法:乙酸提取法获取EMPs,取龈切术中切除的牙龈组织,采用酶消化法培养牙龈上皮细胞。将第1代牙龈上皮细胞按照22500个/孔接种,分为4组:对照组(不加EMPs)及EMPs分别为50、100、200μg/ml的实验组。采用MTT法检测各组细胞数量,对每个时间点的各组实验数据进行方差分析。结果:人牙龈上皮细胞能在EMPs覆盖的平皿上生长。统计学分析表明,不同浓度的EMPs在早期对牙龈上皮细胞的增殖无显著影响;从第3天开始,当培养液中EMPs浓度为200μg/ml时,牙龈上皮细胞增殖显著受抑。结论:EMPs影响牙龈上皮细胞的增殖,并存在剂量和时间依赖性。     

黄芩苷对氧化应激诱导牙龈上皮细胞凋亡的保护作用研究

目的：研究黄芩苷对氧化应激诱导牙龈上皮细胞凋亡的保护作用及其机制。方法采用过氧化氢刺激人牙龈上皮细胞系构建细胞凋亡模型,并应用黄芩苷进行干预,分别检测细胞增殖率,细胞凋亡水平及蛋白激酶B（protein kinase B,Akt）?糖原合酶激酶?3β（glycogen synthase kinase3β,GSK3β）蛋白表达水平。结果黄芩苷能有效地缓解氧化应激介导的牙龈上皮细胞增殖抑制,缓解凋亡发生,促进Akt?GSK3β信号通路磷酸化水平的提高。结论黄芩苷对氧化应激诱导的牙龈上皮细胞凋亡具有显著保护作用,该作用可能与调控Akt?GSK3β信号通路有关。     

绿茶多酚对牙龈上皮细胞内炎症因子的抑制作用

目的:探讨绿茶多酚表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCg)对牙龈上皮细胞炎症反应的作用,从而为牙周病的预防和治疗开发安全有效的牙周炎症抑制剂提供依据。方法:通过建立牙龈卟啉单胞菌膜泡刺激牙龈上皮细胞引起细胞炎症反应的体外模型,以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测EGCg对牙龈上皮细胞分泌前列腺素E2(PGE2)的影响,以Real-time RT-PCR法检测EGCg对牙龈上皮细胞表达环氧化物酶-2(COX-2)和基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)mRNA的作用。结果:EGCg浓度依赖性抑制牙龈上皮细胞内PGE2分泌和COX-2、MMP-3 mRNA的表达水平。结论:EGCg对牙龈上皮细胞的炎症反应具有抑制作用,具有成为牙周炎症抑制剂的潜能。     

低温等离子体促进人牙龈上皮细胞在钛表面的黏附

目的 研究低温等离子体(NTAP)处理人牙龈上皮细胞(HGECs)后的生物学行为。方法 将HGECs传代培养,待生长活性最佳的第3～5代细胞,消化重悬后经NTAP处理适当时间(0,10,20, 30,60 s)后,接种在钛盘表面,加入口腔角质细胞培养基(OKM),1%双抗、5%CO₂和37℃孵箱条件下培养不同时间(4,12,24,48 h)贴壁生长,每组中各培养时间设置5个复孔。使用细胞计数试剂盒-8 (CCK-8)评估各组黏附细胞的数量;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察各组细胞在钛片表面的形态;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测各组细胞层粘连蛋白α3 (Laminin α3)、整合素蛋白β4 (Integrin β4)和网蛋白(Plectin)黏附相关基因的表达情况以及Western blot观察各组细胞黏附相关蛋白表达的变化情况。结果 在0～20 s内,随着NTAP作用时间的增加,细胞的黏附数量增加;但在20～60 s内,随着作用时间的增加,细胞的黏附数量逐渐减少：证明NTAP处理时间为20 s时最有利于HGECs在钛表面的黏附。CCK-8显示：在设...     

姜黄素对环孢素A诱导激活的大鼠牙龈成纤维细胞TGF-β1/Smad3通路的抑制作用

目的：体外实验研究姜黄素（curcumin,Cur）对环孢素A（cyclosporine A,CsA）作用大鼠牙龈成纤维细胞TGF-β1/Smad3通路的影响,为进一步探讨Cur抑制CsA所致药物性牙龈增生的发生机制提供理论依据。方法：使用CCK-8法观察0、5、10、20、30 μmol/L Cur对大鼠牙龈成纤维细胞增殖的影响, 20 μmol/L Cur+200 ng/mL CsA共同作用对大鼠牙龈成纤维细胞增殖的影响。实时荧光定量PCR检测20 μmol/L Cur+200 ng/mL CsA共同作用下,牙龈成纤维细胞中转化生长因子TGF-β1、Smad3、平滑肌肌动蛋白α-SMA和I型胶原蛋白COL-I的mRNA表达变化;蛋白免疫印迹实验检测TGF-β1、Smad3、p-Smad3、α-SMA和COL-I的蛋白表达变化。细胞划痕实验观察20 μmol/L Cur+200 ng/mL CsA 对牙龈成纤维细胞迁移能力的影响。采用SPSS 23.0 软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：大鼠牙龈成纤维细胞在20 μmol/L Cur+200 ng/mL CsA共同作用下,细胞增殖和迁移能力明显降低;20 μmol/L Cur显著下调了牙龈成纤维细胞中TGF-β1、α-SMA 和COL-I的mRNA 表达,蛋白免疫印迹实验提示,TGF-β1、p-Smad3、α-SMA 和COL-I的表达同样显著下调。结论：Cur可能通过抑制CsA激活的牙龈成纤维细胞TGF-β1/Smad3 信号通路,从而降低牙龈成纤维细胞增殖、迁移、平滑肌肌动蛋白和胶原分泌,改善牙龈增生。     

The effect of butyric acid on adhesion molecule expression by human gingival epithelial cells

Background and Objective:  Short-chain fatty acids, such as butyric acid, are detected in periodontal pockets and are thought to be involved in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. In the present study, we examined the effects of butyric acid on adhesion molecule expression by human gingival epithelial cells.
Material and methods:  The human gingival carcinoma cell line, Ca9-22, was cultured in media that contained different concentrations of butyric acid.
Results:  Cell numbers were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner by butyric acid at concentrations of ≥ 0.2 m m . The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mRNA was significantly increased 6 h after stimulation. By contrast, the expression levels of integrins α6 and β4 were decreased. Similar results were obtained by flow cytometry.
Conclusion:  The results of the present study indicate that butyric acid alters the expression of adhesion molecules by Ca9-22 cells. The elucidation of the mechanism of action of butyric acid on the periodontium may help to clarify several aspects of the onset and progression of periodontal disease.     

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目的    探讨精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸（RGD）肽修饰纯钛表面对人牙龈成纤维细胞（human gingival fibroblasts,HGF）和上皮细胞（human gingival epithelial cells,HGE）初期黏附行为的影响。方法    应用羰基二咪唑（1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole,CDI）活化法将含RGD的短肽共价连接到纯钛表面,免疫荧光法检测钛表面RGD肽。评价RGD接枝与未接枝纯钛表面对HGF和HGE初期黏附的影响。结果    RGD肽可以通过CDI活化方法接枝到纯钛表面,HGF和HGE在RGD接枝钛表面黏附和增殖的细胞数量显著高于未接枝钛表面,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。结论    生物活性肽RGD接枝纯钛表面可有效促进HGF和HGE在其表面的黏附。     

Immunolocalization of proteins specific for adhaerens junctions in human gingival epithelial cells grown on differently processed titanium surfaces

The localization of desmoplakins 1 and 2 (DP 1&2), components of desmosomes, vinculin, and actin, was studied in gingival epithelial cells grown on cell culture glass and on titanium plates with various surface topography. The results showed that epithelial cells attached and spread more readily on smooth than on rough, sandblasted titanium surfaces. Moreover, the cells appeared to develop more granular DP 1&2 immunoreactivity at their ventral surfaces when grown on smooth or etched titanium as compared to glass. In cells grown on sandblasted titanium surfaces, DP 1&2-specific immunoreactivity was primarily located at cell-cell contacts. Cells grown on smooth titanium surfaces harbored a fine network of actin filaments with apparent cell-to-cell organization. Vinculin was confined to cell-cell contact areas. No vinculin-containing focal adhesions could be detected, suggesting that the cells adhere either by means of close contacts, extracellular matrix contacts, or by means of hemidesmosomes. The findings suggest that smooth of finely grooved titanium surfaces could be optimal in maintaining the adhesion and specialized phenotype of gingival epithelial cells.     

不同浓度人血清白蛋白对人牙龈上皮细胞粘附作用的影响

目的探讨不同浓度的人血清白蛋白(hunlan serum alburnm,HSA)对人牙龈上皮细胞(humangmgwalepithdian cells,HGE)粘附作用的影响.方法使用角化细胞无血清培养基、分离酶原代培养HGE,并用广谱细胞角蛋白单抗作细胞鉴定;l、10、50、100mg/ml的HAS预孵育于细胞培养板表面,细胞接种4h时MTT法观测HGE在聚苯乙烯表面的粘附.结果HGE可成功的原代及传代培养,HGE免疫组化染色阳性,各处理组A490值显著少于对照组(P＜0.001).结论1～100mg/mLHSA预孵育于聚苯乙烯表面,对HGE的粘附在早期产生抑制作用.     

Involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 in serum-induced prostaglandin production by human oral gingival epithelial cells

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the involvement of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in prostaglandin (PG) production by human oral gingival epithelial (OGE) cells stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin(IL)-1alpha, IL-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and serum. Fetal bovine serum (FBS)-stimulated OGE cells produced significant levels of PGE2, whereas IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and TNFalpha could not induce significant PGE2 production. FBS induced PGE2 production in a dose- and time-dependent manner. NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, inhibited PGE2 production by FBS-stimulated cells as completely as indomethacin, a non-selective COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor. Expression of COX-2 protein in FBS-stimulated cells was increased, compared with that in unstimulated cells, whereas COX-1 protein expression was similar both in unstimulated and in FBS-stimulated cells. COX-2 mRNA was detected in FBS-stimulated cells, but not in unstimulated cells. We suggest that COX-2 is responsible for PG production by human OGE cells stimulated with serum and that OGE cells may be involved in PG production in periodontal lesions. Selective COX-2 inhibitors, which have the advantage of reduced gastric toxicity, may provide a useful approach to treatment of periodontal disease.     

牙龈卟啉单胞菌红细胞凝集素A黏附和入侵人牙龈上皮细胞的研究

目的:检测牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,P.g)膜表面红细胞凝集素A(hemagglutinin A,HagA)黏附和入侵人牙龈上皮细胞的功能。方法:构建P.g381hagA基因的变异菌株,连接hagA基因到pYA292质粒上,并克隆到无毒性的沙门杆菌x4072菌中,通过比较变异菌株、野生菌株和表达hagA基因的沙门杆菌对人牙龈上皮细胞的黏附和入侵功能,检测HagA在此过程中的作用。结果:P.g381hagA基因变异菌株和野生菌株在对细胞的黏附和入侵过程中没有显著差别,但沙门杆菌x4072HagA表达菌株对细胞的黏附性和入侵性比对照组分别提高了3倍和4倍。结论:HagA参与了P.g381黏附和入侵牙龈上皮细胞的过程。     

硝苯地平对人牙龈上皮细胞bcl-2基因表达的影响

目的:体外观察硝苯地平(nifedipine,NIF)对人牙龈上皮细胞(human gingival epithelial cells,HGECs)bcl-2基因转录水平的调节,探讨NIF诱导的药物性牙龈增生(drug-induced gingival overgrowth,DGO)与凋亡抑制基因bcl-2的相关性.方法:采用牙周手术切除的健康牙龈组织.用酶消化法分离培养HGECs;免疫组织化学方法对培养细胞进行细胞鉴定;实时定量PCR技术检测不同浓度NIF(1 μg/ml、2 μg/ml和3 μg/ml)刺激下HGECs中bcl-2 mRNA水平,以0 μg/ml NIF为空白对照.采用SPSS 11.0软件包对所得数据进行单因素方差分析.结果:酶消化法获得的HGECs在体外培养中生长状态良好;免疫组织化学显示,HGECs抗角蛋白染色阳性,抗波形蛋白染色阴性;NIF处理24h后的HGECs bcl-2 mRNA水平随NIF浓度的增高而上升,3 μg/ml浓度组与空白对照组有显著差异(P＜0.05);NIF处理48h后.2 μg/ml、3 μg/ml浓度组HGECs bcl-2 mRNA水平与空白对照组差异明显(P＜0.05).结论:NIF调节体外培养的HGECs中bcl-2基因转录的水平.     

苦参碱对白色念珠菌黏附人口腔黏膜上皮细胞的影响

目的：研究不同浓度苦参碱对白色念珠菌粘附人口腔黏膜上皮细胞的影响。方法：采用白色念珠菌标准菌株ATCC76615为研究对象,经不同浓度苦参碱预处理后以及不同浓度苦参碱干预下,在体外和人口腔黏膜上皮细胞相互作用,固定后经革兰氏染色,显微镜下计算粘附细胞数。结果：苦参碱预作用白色念珠菌后,可以减少其对人口腔黏膜上皮细胞的粘附数;苦参碱干预下白色念珠菌粘附人口腔黏膜上皮细胞数明显减少。结论：苦参碱可抑制白色念珠菌粘附人口腔黏膜上皮细胞。     

高糖状态对脂多糖诱导人牙龈上皮细胞表达炎症因子的影响

目的：研究高糖状态对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide,LPS）诱导人牙龈上皮细胞（humangingivalepithelial cells,HGECs）表达炎症因子的影响。方法原代培养HGECs,取第3代细胞分别在含5．5 mmol／L D－葡萄糖（对照组）、含25 mmol／L D－葡萄糖（高糖组）培养基中培养48 h后,加入0μg／mL、1μg／mL、5μg／mL和10μg／mL的LPS,2 h、4 h和8 h时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测炎症因子白细胞介素－6（interleukin-6, IL-6）、白细胞介素－8（interleukin-8,IL-8）、白细胞介素－1β（interleukin-1,IL-1β）的mRNA表达,ELISA法检测细胞培养上清液中IL-8的表达。结果在5μg／mL LPS 刺激8 h 后,高糖组和对照组 HGECs 炎症因子转录水平 IL-6分别为13．20±0．84和8．85±0．53（t＝7．60,P＝0．002）,IL-8分别为14．88±1．54和8．12±0．46（t＝7．281,P＝0．002）, IL-1β分别为1．69±0．19和1．27±0．11（t＝3．348,P＝0．029）,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;两组细胞培养上清液中IL-8的表达分别为（134．0±10．8） pg／mL和（103．0±11．0） pg／mL,差异具有统计学意义（t＝3．480,P＝0．025）。结论高糖状态可增强LPS诱导HGECs炎症因子IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β的表达。     

Smad2蛋白在人牙乳头细胞内的表达及信号转位过程

观察体外原代培养的人牙乳头细胞内Ｓｍａｄ２蛋白的表达,以及Ｓｍａｄ２蛋白在转化生长因子－β１（ｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｉｎｇｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ－β１,ＴＧＦ－β１）信号转导中的作用。方法原代培养工牙乳头细胞,用ＴＧＦ－β１和骨形成蛋白－２（ｂｏｎｅｍｏｒｐｈｏｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＢＭＰ２）刺激培养的细胞,免疫化观察。结果：ＴＧＦ－β１和ＢＭＰ２刺激组均可见Ｓｍａｄ２蛋白表达,但与对照组相     

Molecular events associated with ciclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth are attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts

Sobral LM, Aseredo F, Agostini M, Bufalino A, Pereira MCC, Graner E, Coletta RD. Molecular events associated with ciclosporin A‐induced gingival overgrowth are attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 149–158. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: Ciclosporin A (CsA)‐induced gingival overgrowth is attributed to an exaggerated accumulation of extracellular matrix, which is mainly due to an increased expression of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). Herein, the in vitro investigation of effects of overexpression of Smad7, a TGF‐β1 signaling inhibitor, in the events associated with CsA‐induced extracellular matrix accumulation was performed. Material and Methods: The effects of Smad7 were assessed by stable overexpression of Smad7 in fibroblasts from normal gingiva. Smad7‐overexpressing cells and control cells were incubated with CsA, and synthesis of type I collagen, production and activity of MMP‐2 and cellular proliferation were evaluated by ELISA, zymography, growth curve, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and cell cycle analysis. The effects of CsA on cell viability and apoptosis of fibroblasts from normal gingiva were also evaluated. Western blot and immunofluorescence for phospho‐Smad2 were performed to measure the activation of TGF‐β1 signaling. Results: Although the treatment with CsA stimulated TGF‐β1 production in both control and Smad7‐overexpressing fibroblasts, its signaling was markedly inhibited in Smad7‐overexpressing cells, as revealed by low levels of phospho‐Smad2. In Smad7‐overexpressing cells, the effects of CsA on proliferation, synthesis of type I collagen and the production and activity of MMP‐2 were significantly blocked. Smad7 overexpression blocked CsA‐induced fibroblast proliferation via p27 regulation. Neither CsA nor Smad7 overexpression induced cell death. Conclusion: The data presented here confirm that TGF‐β1 expression is related to the molecular events associated with CsA‐induced gingival overgrowth and suggest that Smad7 overexpression is effective in blocking these events, including proliferation, type I collagen synthesis and MMP‐2 activity.