插管型喉罩麻醉用于妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用

目的探讨插管型喉罩用于妇科腹腔镜手术麻醉的可行性和安全性。方法随机将78例于2013-01—2016-03间接受妇科腹腔镜手术的患者分为2组,每组39例。对照组使用气管插管麻醉,观察组采用插管型喉罩麻醉。对比2组患者气管插管或喉罩置入成功率、不同时段的气道峰压(Pmax)、气道平均压(Pmean)、SpO_2、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO_2)及并发症发生率。结果2组患者各时段的SpO_2、Pmax、Pmean及PETCO_2水平,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者喉罩1次成功置入率高于对照组的气管插管,并发症发生率低于对照组,术后苏醒时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论插管型喉罩麻醉在妇科腹腔镜手术中一次插管置入成功率高,术中气道阻力变化及血流动力学稳定,并发症低,术后苏醒快。     

妇科腹腔镜手术采用食管引流型喉罩与气管插管全身麻醉对呼吸循环系统影响的比较

目的比较妇科腹腔镜手术采用食管引流型喉罩与气管插管全身麻醉对呼吸循环系统的影响。方法拟在腹腔镜下行全子宫切除或次全子宫切除手术60例,采用随机数字表随机分入喉罩组和气管插管组。记录气腹前后的循环变化、通气指标及插管（罩）期、拔管（罩）期的呼吸循环变化和术后不良反应情况。结果气管插管组在插管后1 min、拔管前SBP明显高于喉罩组,差异有显著性意义（t=-12.415,P=0.000;t=-5.447,P=0.000）。气管插管组在插管后1 min、拔管前、拔管后3 min DBP明显高于喉罩组,差异有显著性意义（t=-6.393,P=0.000;t=-9.579,P=0.000;t=-4.790,P=0.000）。气管插管组在插管后1 min、气腹前、拔管前、拔管后3 min HR明显高于喉罩组,差异有显著性意义（t=-5.789,P=0.000;t=-2.566,P=0.013;t=-11.828,P=0.000;t=-4.558,P=0.000）。2组PETCO2在气腹期、拔管前的变化差异无显著性意义（P〈0.05）。气管插管组在苏醒期19例发生呛咳、躁动,喉罩组无呛咳、躁动发生,2组比较差异有显著性意义（χ^2=27.805,P=0.000）;喉罩组引流的胃液量明显多于气管插管组,2组比较差异有显著性意义（t=10.850,P=0.000）。气管插管组术后11例轻度咽痛,喉罩组3例轻度咽痛,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=18.373,P=0.000）。结论静脉全身麻醉下应用食管引流型喉罩行妇科腹腔镜手术可以达到与气管插管相同的通气效果,麻醉过程平稳,术后不良反应少。     

气管插管麻醉和喉罩全麻在宫外孕腹腔镜手术中的应用效果对比

目的比较不同麻醉方法在宫外孕腹腔镜手术中的应用效果及安全性。方法将64例因宫外孕行腹腔镜手术的患者随机分为2组。各32例。A组采用气管插管麻醉,B组采取喉罩全麻,比较不同麻醉方法的效果及安全性。结果 A组组内各时点HR、MAP波动显著(P0.05),差异有统计学意义;B组组内各时点HR、MAP无显著波动(P0.05),差异无统计学意义。2组气腹后的Pet CO2、PAW均明显高于气腹前(P0.05),但组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组并发症发生率明显高于B组(P0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论喉罩联合静脉吸入复合麻醉行宫外孕腹腔镜手术,麻醉效果肯定,安全性良好,血流动力学较平稳,并发症发生率低。     

SLIPA喉罩和气管插管全麻在腹腔镜胆囊手术中的应用比较

目的 观察SLIPA喉罩与气管插管对患者血流动力学和气道阻力的影响.方法 择期全麻下腹腔镜胆囊手术患者60例,随机均分为SLIPA喉罩组(A组)和气管插管组(B组),记录插入喉罩/气管导管前(T0)、插入喉罩/气管导管后1 min(T1)、3 min(T2)和拔喉罩/气管导管前(T3)、拔喉罩/气管导管后1 min(T4)、3 min(T5)的SBP、DBP、HR和SpO2,同时在8 ml/kg潮气量下监测T1～T3时的平均气道压(Pmean)、气道峰压(Ppeak)和PETCO2,并观察有无反流误吸情况及术后咽喉部并发症.结果 与T0时相比,B组T1、T3、T4时SBP、DBP明显升高,HR明显增快,且相应时点均高于A组(P＜0.05);A组在T1、T2时的Pmean、Ppeak低于B组(P＜0.05);术后咽部不适患者B组(9例)明显多于A组(2例)(P＜0.05).结论 SLIPA喉罩通气用于腹腔镜胆囊手术时,患者应激反应小,术后咽喉部并发症少.     

Proseal喉罩在妇科腹腔镜手术麻醉中的应用

目的观察正压通气下Proseal喉罩用于妇科腹腔镜手术的安全性、可行性。方法妇科腹腔镜择期手术病人50例,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,随机分为喉罩组(L组,25例)和气管插管组(T组,25例),麻醉后记录心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、气道峰压(Pmax)、气道平均压(Pmean)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的数值及插管(罩)期、拔管(罩)期、术后24h相关并发症。结果(1)HR、MAP变化:插管(罩)期和拔管(罩)期T组明显升高(P<0.05),L组无明显变化(P>0.05)。(2)两组PETCO2、PaCO2、Pmax、Pmean随麻醉、气腹的影响变化是一致的,组间比较各时间点差异无显著性(P>0.05),两组的SpO2一直保持稳定水平。(3)两组并发症比较:插管(罩)期L组有3例体动,1例呛咳,T组无体动及呛咳,差异无显著性(P>0.05);拔管(罩)期T组体动、呛咳发生率明显高于L组(P<0.05);术后24h咽痛、声嘶发生率T组明显高于L组(P<0.05)。(4)手术医师对手术条件的评价100%满意。结论本研究显示妇科腹腔镜手术中Proseal喉罩可以达到与气管插管一样满意的通气效果,且安全可靠。     

SLIPA喉罩用于腹腔镜手术的可行性和安全性

目的 观察SLIPA喉罩应用于全身麻醉下腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的可行性和安全性.方法 择期腹腔镜胆囊切除手术患者90例.随机均分为SLIPA喉罩组(S组)、ProSeal喉罩组(L组)和气管插管组(T组).观察麻醉诱导前(T1)、管(罩)插入成功时(T2),管罩插入后10 min(T3),管(罩)拔出前即刻(T4),管(罩)拔出后即刻(T5)MAP、HR变化.观察管(罩)一次插入成功率、麻醉时间、清醒时间、丙泊酚的用量以及术后胃胀、咽喉疼痛情况.结果 T2～T5时L组和S组MAP明显低于、HR慢于T组(P＜0.05).T组咽喉疼痛发生率明显高于S组及L组(P＜0.05),而S组咽喉疼痛发生率低于L组(P＜0.05),S组及L组在麻醉维持时间、清醒时间短于、丙泊酚用量少于T组.结论 SLIPA喉罩在临床应用中安全、可靠,操作简便,且对咽喉损伤较小,可安全用于腹腔镜手术.     

喉罩在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用

目的:探讨喉罩在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用.方法:将50例ASAl～Ⅱ级择期行妇科腹腔镜手术的患者随机平均分两组.LAM组,为喉罩组,TT组为气管插管组.将两组作一对比分析.结果:血流动力学变化:喉罩置入后血压、心率未见明显改变(P<0.05).TT组各项指标均不同程度波动.结论:喉罩用于妇科腹腔镜手术,较气管全麻减少了血流动力学波动,是一种较好的妇科腹腔镜手术的麻醉方法.     

喉罩通气和气管插管全麻用于腹腔镜小儿腹股沟斜疝手术的效果比较

目的比较喉罩通气和气管插管全麻用于腹腔镜小儿腹股沟斜疝(斜疝)手术的效果。方法收集2016-09—2019-04间在郑州大学附属儿童医院接受腹腔镜手术的80例斜疝患儿为研究对象。将2016-09—2017-12间入院的36例患儿作为对照组,行气管插管全麻。将2018-01—2019-04间入院的44例患儿作为喉罩组,行喉罩通气全麻。观察2组患儿麻醉诱导前(T_0)、喉罩/气管插入通气即刻(T_1)、喉罩/气管插入通气5 min后(T_2)、拔管后1 min(T_3)的心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)。比较2组拔管时间、苏醒时间及拔出气管导管(喉罩)时呛咳、声音嘶哑等不良反应。结果 2组T_0时段HR、SBP、DBP水平差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组T_1、T_2、T_3时SBP、DBP、HR水平较T_0时波动幅度较大,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。喉罩组T_1、T_2、T_3时SBP、DBP、HR水平与T_0波动幅度较小,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。喉罩组术后拔管时间及麻醉苏醒时间均短于对照组,呛咳、声音嘶哑等不良反应率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与气管插管全麻比较,喉罩通气全麻用于腹腔镜小儿斜疝手术,患儿术中血流动力学稳定,且不良反应少。     

插管型喉罩用于颈椎手术患者气管插管的效果

颈椎手术患者一般伴有脊髓压迫、颈椎活动受限。实施全身麻醉时给气管内插管带来困难，同时经光纤喉镜直视下行气管插管也可能加重颈段脊髓的损伤。插管型喉罩（ILMA）具有更好的插管特性，在困难气道处理领域已获得认可。在置入喉罩时只需患者门齿间距大于20mm，而不需头颈明显后仰，在相对较浅麻醉状态下即可完成操作，因此对于伴有颈椎活动受限的颈椎手术患者可能具有一定程度的保护作用。有关ILMA应用于颈椎手术患者气管插管的效果还有待深入探讨。本研究拟评价ILMA用于颈椎手术患者气管插管的效果。     

小儿腹腔镜腹股沟斜疝手术中采用喉罩通气与气管插管麻醉效果观察

目的观察对比在小儿腹腔镜腹股沟斜疝手术中,采用喉罩通气与气管插管的麻醉效果。 方法纳入2019年5月至2020年5月于十堰市妇幼保健院确诊并进行腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术治疗的患儿100例,按随机数字表法均分为观察组和对照组,每组患儿50例。对照组患儿接受气管插管方式进行麻醉,观察组患儿接受喉罩通气方式进行麻醉。记录所有患儿的基线资料、术中相关指标、血流动力学以及呼吸系统并发症,并进行比较。 结果2组患者临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组患儿的麻醉时间、恢复时间、拔管时间[（39.15±6.88）、（4.45±1.85）、（6.15±1.56）min]均短于对照组[（44.95±8.98）、（7.96±1.86）、（13.58±3.28）min],差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组除术前外的各时间点的各项血流动力学指标均明显优于对照组患儿（P<0.05）;观察组患儿的并发症总发生率（10.00%）明显少于对照组（34.00%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论在小儿腹腔镜腹股沟斜疝手术中采用喉罩通气的方式进行麻醉是安全可行的。     

Haemodynamic and catecholamine stress responses to the Laryngeal Tube-Suction Airway and the Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway

Supraglottic airway devices such as the ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) and Laryngeal Tube-Suction Airway (LTS) that provoke the least stress responses could be beneficial in many situations, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. We compared the haemodynamic and catecholamine stress response of the LTS and PLMA in a randomised study of 36 patients. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, epinephrine and norepinephrine levels were all reduced following induction of anaesthesia with no significant differences between the two groups. Following insertion of LTS, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, epinephrine and norepinephrine levels increased to pre-induction levels. However, following the insertion of the PLMA, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, epinephrine and norepinephrine levels remained significantly lower than pre-induction values. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and epinephrine were significantly greater in the LTS group than in the PLMA group. We conclude that the LTS produces a greater and more sustained haemodynamic and catecholamine stress response than does the PLMA.     

吸引型喉导管与食管引流型喉罩在腹腔镜手术麻醉中的应用

目的：探讨吸引型喉导管与食管引流型喉罩用于腹腔镜手术麻醉通气的效果。方法：择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者32例,随机分为吸引型喉导管组（LTS组）与食管引流型喉罩组（PLMA组）,进行麻醉中通气。结果：LTS组与PLMA组气腹前后,放气腹前后pH、PaCO2各组内与本组间比较无明显差异（P〉0.05）。PETCO2、SpO2于气腹前后无明显差异（P〉0.05）。Ppeak、VT于气腹前后差异明显（P〈0.05）,Ppeak于放气腹前后也有明显差异（P〈0.05）。结论：LTS与PLMA用于全麻腹腔镜手术通气,气腹建立时VT由8mL/kg调整为10mL/kg,可避免CO2气腹引起的PaCO2升高,通气效果可维持稳定。     

Comparison of the Laryngeal Tube Suction and the Proseal laryngeal Mask Airway in anesthetized patients

BACKGROUND: The Laryngeal Tube Suction (LTS : Smith Medical, Tokyo) is a new laryngeal tube that has an additional channel for gastric tube placement. Similarly, the Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) also has a drain tube for gastric tube placement. This study compared the functions of these two devices. METHODS: Forty patients undergoing general anesthesia were randomly allocated to the group LTS (n = 20) or group PLMA (n = 20). Ease of insertion, quality of airway seal, ease of gastric tube insertion, fiberoptic view of the glottis through each device after placement, and postoperative sorethroat/hoarseness were investigated. RESULTS: There were no differences in patient characteristics and anesthetic background data for both groups. No differences concerning handling, quality of airway seal, ease of gastric tube insertion, and postoperative airway morbidity were detected between LTS and PLMA. In economical terms, LTS was more reasonable compared with PLMA. CONCLUSIONS: With respect to clinical function, the LTS and PLMA were similar and either device can be used to establish an effective airway in anesthetized patients.     

Comparison of the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway with the Fiberoptic Intubation in Anticipated Difficult Airway Management

Background: The intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA; Fastrach (TM); Laryngeal Mask Company, Henley-on-Thames, UK) may provide an alternative technique to fiberoptic intubation (FIB) to facilitate the management of the anticipated difficult airway. The authors therefore compared the effectiveness of the ILMA with FIB in patients with anticipated difficult intubation.

Methods: One hundred patients, with at least one difficult intubation criteria (Mallampati class III or IV, thyromental distance < 65 mm, interincisor distance < 35 mm) were enrolled (FIB group, n = 49; ILMA group, n = 51) in this prospective randomized study. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with alfentanil and propofol after an efficient mask ventilation has been demonstrated. The success of the technique (within three attempts), the number of attempts, duration of the successful attempt, and adverse events (oxygen saturation < 90%, bleeding) were recorded.

Results: The rate of successful tracheal intubation with ILMA was 94% and comparable with FIB (92%). The number of attempts and the time to succeed were not significantly different between groups. In case of failure of the first technique, the alternative technique always succeeded. Failures in FIB group were related to oxygen desaturation (oxygen saturation < 90%) and bleeding, and to previous cervical radiotherapy in the ILMA group. Adverse events occurred significantly more frequently in FIB group than in ILMA group (18 vs. 0%, P < 0.05).